Is capital a collusion device?

Summary. We examine how irreversible capital reduces the possibility of a duopoly to sustain implicit collusion by grim strategies, when the product is homogenous and firms compete in quantities. Compared with the case of reversible capital, there are two countervailing effects: Deviation from an existing collusion is less attractive, because capital once installed causes costs forever. But the punishment will also be less severe due to the high capacity the deviating firm can build before punishment starts. The last effect dominates, meaning that the commitment value of capital is negative for all firms. If capital is irreversible, collusion breaks down for realistic magnitudes of interest rates. Received: April 30, 1999; revised version: November 30, 2001     

公司治理、债务约束与自由现金流过度投资——基于发电行业上市公司的实证研究

本文以沪深股市的电力上市公司为样本,从公司治理、债务约束机制和自由现金流量相互关系的角度实证分析了电力上市公司的过度投资行为。探讨了公司治理结构、制度环境和债务在抑制过度投资中的作用。研究结论表明：（1）我国电力上市公司存在过度投资行为,但和自由现金流的关联度并不显著;（2）公司治理特征变量与自由现金流量的过度投资行为存在显著负相关关系;（3）债务约束效应在发电行业并没有发挥应有的作用,本文从制度的角度对这一现象进行了解释。     

创业型领导对追随者创造力的影响

采用201位领导者-追随者调研数据,以组织支持理论为基础,从工作情境和非工作情境两条路径,分析创业型领导通过工作激情和心理脱离对追随者创造力的影响机理,同时探究内隐追随对两条路径的调节效应。结果表明：创业型领导对创造力有显著正向预测作用,工作激情与心理脱离在创业型领导和创造力之间起中介作用。内隐追随在创业型领导与工作激情的情境路径中,以及在创业型领导与心理脱离非工作情境路径中均起正向调节作用,同时,内隐追随也调节工作激情和心理脱离的中介效应。研究结果揭示了不同情境传导机制下,创业型领导对追随者创造力正向作用的一致性,也丰富了创业型领导个体层面后果变量研究。     

不同来源金融资本对企业研发投入的影响研究

以中小板上市公司为样本,就不同来源金融资本对企业研发投入的影响进行了理论分析与实证检验。结果发现：①内源融资与企业研发投入正相关,高成长性企业表现尤为显著;②政府补助与企业研发投入正相关,资产负债率与企业研发投入负相关,且资产负债率负向调节政府补助与企业研发投入的正相关关系。企业应适度控制债权融资水平,提高企业研发投入动机,并有效发挥政府补助对研发投入的积极作用;③风险投资、外商直接投资与机构投资者对企业研发投入的影响不显著。     

河北省财政运行风险及防范对策研究

近年来,面对经济社会各领域公共风险,河北财政通过减收、增支、加债等方式,有效防控了公共风险的暴发,全省财政经济运行整体平稳,但也导致财政自身风险的累积,体现在财政收入持续增长后劲不足、财政支出保障难度逐步增加、地方政府债务风险存有隐患、其他领域风险趋向财政转移等.防控地方财政经济运行风险,需要充分发挥财政职能,加强财源建设,推动财政收入持续增长;调整支出方向,确保地方财政平稳运行;完善管理机制,防范地方政府债务风险;深化体制改革,消除财政风险转移隐患.     

房地产上市公司融资模式对投资行为的影响

借鉴 Aivazianetal 简化投资模型建立了融资模式对投资行为影响的理论模型,基于1998~2012年的面板数据,实证研究不同产权属性和不同规模房地产上市公司融资模式对投资行为的影响。研究发现：房地产上市公司的债务融资会促使投资增长,而股权融资会减少投资,内源性融资与投资行为的相关性并不显著;国有房地产上市公司的投资行为更加积极;大规模房地产上市公司受外部融资约束更强。为此,应完善房地产上市公司治理结构、拓宽融资渠道。     

Less debt,more schooling? Evidence from cross-country micro data

Soaring levels of public debt in low-income countries are fuelling concerns about their ability to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, such as free access to primary education. In the late 1990s and 2000s, international financial institutions introduced a series of debt relief initiatives aimed to restore debt sustainability among highly indebted countries. This study examines the impact of these initiatives on primary school attendance. We exploit the temporal variation in the implementation of these policies, in combination with individual-level data from 177 Demographic and Health Surveys covering more than 1.5 million school-age children from 44 low-income countries to implement difference-in-differences and spatial difference-in-discontinuity estimators. Results suggest that debt relief initiatives, by freeing up additional public resources, have significantly contributed to increasing primary school attendance in heavily indebted countries. Impact heterogeneity analysis also shows that debt relief has been effective at reducing wealth-based, intergenerational, religious, ethnic and spatial inequalities in education. Our results provide robust evidence to assert that debt relief, in combination with other financing sources, can contribute to improving educational outcomes in highly indebted poor countries.