A CGE Analysis of the Impacts of a Carbon Tax on Provincial Economy in China

This article conducts a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to investigate the impacts of a carbon tax on economy at province levels in China since China features significantly differentiated development modes across regions. Three representative provinces including Henan, Fujian, and Chongqing are selected as the sample. The empirical results indicate that carbon tax is an efficient policy to reduce carbon emissions accompanied with negative impact on provincial economy. To cushion the negative impacts of carbon tax, a moderate carbon tax rate and carbon tax recycling policy are recommended according to the simulation results.  

基于动态CGE模型的能源价格传导效应分析

从成本推动的视角出发,将能源放入一般均衡的框架,通过各种嵌套函数、税收和汇率转换等内在机理把价格之间的关系联系起来,对能源价格的传导机制进行理论分析;并将该分析框架纳入可计算一般均衡模型,定量分析能源价格变动的经济效应。研究结果显示,能源价格上涨对宏观经济具有紧缩作用,其中煤电价格对经济增长的紧缩作用比石油大;能源价格上涨导致第二产业内部发生较为明显的差异性变化,说明其对产业结构调整有明显作用,而这样的产业结构调整又会对各产业的耗能和污染排放的减少起到积极作用。  

Debt, Death and Taxes

Does the level of government debt affect living standards and if so, to what extent? We quantify the impact of the U.S. federal debt using an open economy overlapping generations model in which consumers have long but finite lifetimes. A demographic structure allows fiscal policy changes to have different effects on different agents, and reveals the linkages between public debt, output and international trade. We find that reducing the debt has relatively modest impacts on aggregates, while reducing government spending substantially raises U.S. incomes and welfare. Therefore, this paper contributes to the current debate regarding whether U.S. federal government budget surpluses should be used to retire government debt.  

基于CGE模型的碳税政策双重红利效应研究

以2017年投入产出表为基础,编制了社会核算矩阵,通过可计算一般均衡(CGE)模型系统地分析了在不同碳税水平下碳税征收对能源-经济-环境系统的影响,进而揭示碳税政策的实施能否实现环境保护与经济发展的双重红利效应.研究结果显示,征收碳税能够减少化石能源的消费,促进二氧化碳排放量的减少,且随着碳税水平的提高,其降碳效果更加明显.同时,征收碳税有助于产业结构转型,但对经济增长、居民消费与企业收入具有显著的负向冲击.在短期内,碳税政策无法实现降碳促增的双重红利效应.因此,为实现环境保护与经济发展的双赢局面,在实施碳税政策的同时应该辅以合理的经济政策.