Influences of Managerial Drivers on Export Sales Units’ Performance of Small and Medium-Size Enterprises

ABSTRACT

This report offers a contribution to the theories related to firms' export performance. Job satisfaction and behavioral and outcome performance of export managers have received attention in export literature. However, the relationships between export managers’ rewards system and the level of export managers’ morale with export managers’ job satisfaction, behavioral and outcome performance, and export sales units’ performance of small and medium-size enterprises have not thoroughly been examined, tested, or validated. A new model is developed based on export managerial psychology theory, which integrates two constructs, the export managers’ rewards and level of morale, as critical variables affecting export performance. The research findings suggest that four connected relationships in a PLS model are positive, significant, and substantial. Particularly, managers’ financial and nonfinancial rewards influence managers’ level of morale, which in turn affects managers’ behavioral performance, and managers' behavioral performance influences managers’ outcome performance, which, finally, affects firms’ export performance.     

Monetary policy and exchange market pressure–evidence from sub-Saharan Africa

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of monetary policy on foreign exchange market pressure (EMP) in developing country contexts for some selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and to measure the ability of monetary policy to significantly address currency pressures that arise from trading on the global market. This study was motivated by the fact that most of the SSA countries are developing economies that have negative net export positions and stand to lose significantly from consistently deteriorating foreign exchange position. The study, therefore, employs a dynamic panel model to test the hypothesis that a tighter monetary policy stance lends strength to a currency and vice versa, using 20 SSA economies for the period from 1991 to 2010. This study finds a negative and significant relationship between monetary policy and EMP, implying an easing of EMP in the face of contractionary monetary policy. The findings also point to significant relations between aggregate output, levels of public debt, the current account balance, terms of trade and EMP. Findings of this study have important implications as regards the policy direction on exchange rate and currency management.     

国际资本流动下的中国金融安全实证分析

分析了国际资本流动对金融安全的冲击路径以及非均衡机制测试我国外汇市场压力指数的大小,建立了资本净流入和外汇市场压力指数之间的VAR（6）模型,研究结论表明,国际资本的净流入会增大外汇市场压力,但货币当局的冲销干预会削弱这种影响,降低发生货币危机的可能性;货币当局的政策选择应该是盯住外汇市场,而不是单纯的货币市场。     

材料电磁脉冲屏蔽效能研究进展

首先总结了国外电磁脉冲的研究现状及屏蔽效能的测试方法,并分析了国内电 磁脉冲屏蔽效能的测试方法及根据频域测量结果估计时域响应研究进展,然后介绍了屏蔽效 能频域和时域表征方法,特别是近几年来电磁脉冲屏蔽效能的表征方法,最后 指出了当前电磁脉冲屏蔽效能研究中需解决的问题及今后研究方向,对电磁脉冲作用下材料 屏蔽效能的研究具有指导意义。     

人民币外汇市场压力指数变动及压力释放效果研究

根据汇率变动的压力来源,引入包括名义汇率、外汇储备、国际利差、通胀水平差、远期升贴水、双边贸易差额等在内的六个因素构建外汇市场压力指数,综合分析2000年1月至2008年6月人民币汇率变动的压力来源。结果显示:人民币的升值压力除了在汇改之初小幅下降外,在其他考察时间段内基本都表现出明显的升值趋势,且各个阶段的汇率走势和压力源贡献分解也体现出差异化的特点。     

Are global shocks leading indicators of currency crisis in Viet Nam?

This paper aims to identify leading indicators of a currency crisis in Viet Nam based on an early warning system for the period 1996–February 2016. This paper found that global financial shocks (e.g., regional and global financial crisis, unexpected changes in monetary policy of largest economies such as the United States and the People’s Republic of China), and domestic credit growth rate are leading indicators of a currency crisis in Viet Nam in all three models. Deficits in trade balance, international reserves, and overvaluation of the dong are also good indicators. In addition, a model in which a currency crisis or turbulence in the foreign exchange market is defined based on the exchange market pressure and parallel market premium, with window length of 2 months, outperformed for predicting a currency crisis in Viet Nam. Empirical results suggested that probability of predicting a true currency crisis was 77.5%.     

外汇市场压力、国际资本流动与国内货币市场均衡——基于中国数据的实证研究

本文首先建立外汇市场压力、国际资本流动与国内货币市场均衡状况的理论模型,分析了三者之间的理论关系。进而通过LS、ECM、Johansen协整和State-Space等方法估算出1996年1月至2009年9月的外汇市场压力、国内货币市场均衡状况和国际资本净流动,然后采用VAR模型分析了三者之间的动态关系。最后得出结论如下:国际资本净流入时,我国外汇市场压力为正(人民币升值压力),同时我国货币市场会出现短暂的超额供给。     

优化Hammerstein模型的电磁脉冲效应建模仿真

针对采用Hammerstein模型描述电磁脉冲效应时模型参数确定困难的问题，提出一种基于优化Hammerstein模型的非线性电磁脉冲效应建模仿真方法。该方法利用高阶累积量求解模型线性延迟阶数，采用赤池信息准则（Akaike Information Criterion,AIC）优化模型非线性阶次，两者共同确定出一个参数最少、精度较高的最优模型，并以瞬态抑制器的电磁脉冲效应建模为例验证了该方法。