Women “in motion”: the kinaesthetic viewing experience in Chinese viral advertising films

ABSTRACT

Visual imagery provides aesthetic experiences for viewers, and viral advertising films address viewers’ experience of movement which has not been analysed. Developing visual analyses, this study uses phenomenological approaches and the concept of kinaesthetic empathy, defined as the ability of viewers to react to movements, also in film. It considers Chinese Wei movies (“microfilms” or viral advertising films) with reference to examples by Audi and Swarovski as representatives of China's post-socialist marketing culture. Women in these films are presented as “in motion,” yet still are often delimited by traditional gender stereotypes. These films are potentially ambivalent ideological carriers that encourage women to reinvent themselves through consumption within traditional gender roles but may also suggest the pursuit of different experiences as movement is abstract, transitory and cannot be commodified.     

基于科学知识图谱分析的国际园林景观史研究动态——以《园林与设计景观史(1998—2017)》杂志刊载论文为对象

以国际园林景观史学界的重要期刊《园林与设计景观史》(Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes)为研究对象,运用VOSviewer和CiteSpace这2种科学知识图谱软件并结合传统研究方法,系统分析该期刊1998—2017年间刊载的508篇论文,揭示近20年来国际园林与设计景观史的研究动态、发展趋势、主题演进与学术脉络,为国内风景园林历史理论的研究和发展提供重要借鉴。     

Creating sustainable value in the hospitality industry: a (critical) multi-stakeholder study in the Dominican Republic

This paper identifies sustainable initiatives reported by “sustainability-champion” hotels in the Dominican Republic, while contrasting them against the views of key stakeholders. We adapt and apply Hart and Milstein's Sustainable Value Framework, and complement it with a Critical Management Studies approach. Our analysis relies on a mixed-methods approach (non-hierarchical k-means cluster analysis, as well as thematic and content analysis). Findings indicate that most hotels are engaging more actively in present-oriented strategies such as pollution prevention (especially, the international hotels) and in product/service stewardship. However, in the future-oriented strategies, hotels owned by local investors show higher commitment to both clean technology and innovation, and to the sustainability vision (as the firm's growth path). In addition, although the views of multiple stakeholders show a clear acknowledgment of the hospitality industry's sustainability efforts (particularly regarding education and environmental protection), they also offer differing views about the ultimate impact and value of those efforts for them and for the broader society. Our study offers a new theoretical lens to explore multi-stakeholder approaches and offers practical implications for the Dominican Republic's National Strategy for Development 2010–2030, as well as implications that may be of use for other tourism-dependent countries.     

The implications,challenges and benefits of a complexity-orientated Futures Studies

Complexity science is increasingly cited as an essential component of a Futures Studies (FS) capable of assisting with the wide-ranging and complex societal problems of the 21st century. Yet, the exact implications of complexity science for FS remain somewhat opaque. This paper explicitly sets out the challenges for FS that arise from six complexity science concepts: (1) irreversibility of time (2) path dependence 3) sensitivity to initial conditions (4) emergence and systemness (5) attractor states (6) complex causation. The discussion highlights the implications of these challenges for FS tools such as horizon scanning and weak signals, and sets out the benefits of overcoming the challenges to create an explicitly complexity-orientated FS. The discussion concludes with a set of questions summarising the challenge for FS from complexity science with the aim of stimulating a discussion as to how they can be met. The concluding remarks make some initial suggestions in this regard.     

人文学研究状况简说

人文学是一片新近酝酿的思想云霞，她从学术的山林中袅袅而来。人文学是一片逐渐隆起的学科高地，她从高校的学院间涌动而成。人文学是一束古今成集的精神祥光，她与全球化的大格局交相辉映。人文学的博大精深注定不是对象化的学问，出之入之最需要水磨功夫和投身化境。我们不主张学派性、区域性和话语凝固性的研究，化感通变以期通和致化是进入人文学创造的必然过程。在人文学的曙光从地平线上升起之时，我们尽可能把学界的相关研究纳入视野，黄钟大吕自可宝爱，破砖碎石亦有功用，天章云霞堪成集锦，家藏敝帚聊以自珍。要在知通知化，妙于取精用弘，努力捕捉人文学内在的必然联系，庶几烘托作为重点研究领域的开放性学科创新。     

人文学的毗邻大类

人文学不是通常意义上的一级学科，而是笼罩众多人文一级学科的学科大场合。要找人文学的左邻右舍，可以举出自然学、科学学和社会学三大门类。它们是好邻居。在人文学与自然学之间，科学学的科连科接，让文明成就非凡；社会学的经世致用，给世界许多关切。在人文学与科学学之间，自然学的泰然而然，使世界永远有其深远；社会学的励精图治，为使天下常有祥和的炊烟。在人文学与社会学之间，自然学的避熟避俗，提供了许多足令人文社科资始资生的前提性资源。用某一个笼统的学科涵摄一切失之芜杂，而日见繁琐的学科分裂又积重难返。揭示人文学、自然学、社会学和科学学相分相连的联系，关照的是当今世界文教发展的一种知其通而统其类的必然。     

Persistence and Change at the Top of the IT Sector

We use the DATAMATION index of the top 50 domestic IT companies (1975–1995) to track persistence and change at the top of the sector. The trends that we uncover are increasing instability, rejuvenation (declining average age of entrants coupled with increasing average age of quitters), democratization (diminishing revenue inequality at the top) and growing supply‐side intertwining of sub‐sectors and industries within IT due to diversification by long‐term survivors.     

翻译研究之解构

在全球化进程不断加快的今天,翻译学研究获得了空前的繁荣。除了几代翻译人的不懈努力之外,人文社会科学领域的众多理论思潮都对翻译学的学科发展起到过积极作用,这其中德里达的解构主义无疑是功不可没的。     

绩效审计：我国商业银行内部审计发展的必然趋势

绩效审计是审计发展的必然产物和高级阶段，在国际上得到迅速发展，其内部审计部门已经成为高级管理者的培训基地或摇篮。我国商业银行的内部审计也必将从以风险性、合规性为主的审计模式向以绩效审计为主导的审计模式转变。积极稳妥的拓展绩效审计工作已经成为我国商业银行需要重视和解决的问题。     

Criteria used by venture capitalists to evaluate new venture proposals

A questionnaire was administered to one hundred venture capitalists to determine the most important criteria that they use to decide on funding new ventures. Perhaps the most important finding from the study is direct confirmation of the frequently iterated position taken by the venture capital community that above all it is the quality of the entrepreneur that ultimately determines the funding decision. Five of the top ten most important criteria had to do with the entrepreneur's experience or personality. There is no question that irrespective of the horse (product), horse race (market), or odds (financial criteria), it is the jockey (entrepreneur) who fundamentally determines whether the venture capitalist will place a bet at all.The question is if this is the case, then why is so much emphasis placed on the business plan? In a business plan there is generally little to indicate the characteristics of the entrepreneur—it is generally devoted to a detailed discussion of the product/service, the market, and the competition. To us, the implications are obvious—such content is necessary, but not sufficient. The business plan should also show as clearly as possible that the “jockey is fit to ride” —namely, indicate by whatever feasible and credible means possible that the entrepreneur has staying power, has a track record, can react to risk well, and has familiarity with the target market. Failing this, he or she needs to be able to pull together a team that has such characteristics and show that he or she is capable of leading that team.Factor analysis of the results indicate that venture capitalists appear to assess ventures systematically in terms of six categories of risk to be managed. These are: risk of losing the entire investment: risk of being unable to bail out if necessary; risk of failure to implement the venture idea; competitive risk; risk of management failure; and risk of leadership failure.Finally, three clusters of venture capitalists were identified: those who carefully assess the competitive and implementation risks: those who seek easy bail out; and those who deliberately keep as many options open as possible.