Viewpoint: Effectiveness or consumer acceptance? Tradeoffs in selecting healthy eating nudges

Governments and companies that want to promote healthier eating must consider both the effectiveness and the acceptance of the ‘nudges’ given to consumers. Our review of the literature uncovers a wide range of nudges towards healthy eating, from nutrition labeling to portion size reductions, which are found to vary greatly in effectiveness and levels of public acceptance (64% of women; 52% of men). Acceptance of a nudge is inversely related to its effectiveness: only 43% of respondents approved the most effective intervention – portion and package size reductions. Approval levels increased with the perceived effectiveness of the nudge and with the perception that the nudge is good for both health and business (as opposed to only one of the two), especially among respondents who identify as conservatives. To encourage acceptance of the most effective nudge strategies, governments and companies should therefore correct misconceptions about which nudges work best, and should underscore the win-win potential for health and business.     

The risk of programmatic advertising: Effects of website quality on advertising effectiveness

Programmatic advertising is prevalent in online advertising. However, it offers managers limited control over the type of website where the ad appears, resulting in brand safety issues. Aware of the risk that ads may potentially display on websites of poor quality (nonpremium websites), managers have developed strategies to reduce this risk. Due to the lack of empirical insights, these strategies are based on “gut feeling” and depend on campaign type (branding versus performance) and brand type (premium versus nonpremium). Our research addresses this void and analyzes website quality effects for premium and nonpremium brands in branding and performance campaigns. Our results show that effects, indeed, vary depending on campaign and brand type, but not in ways that managers might expect. When a branding ad appears on a nonpremium website, attitudes towards the ad and the brand deteriorate, but only for premium brands. In contrast, website quality does not affect awareness for either type of brand. When a performance ad appears on a nonpremium website, it generates fewer clicks; this effect is stronger for premium brands. Overall, these findings enrich our understanding of the consequences of programmatic advertising and highlight the crucial role of website quality dependent on campaign goal and brand type.     

Evaluating municipal landscape plans and their influence on selected aspects of landscape development – An empirical study from Germany

In this paper we examine the question of whether and how municipal landscape plans exert a positive influence on and/or correlate with selected aspects of the landscape. To this end, a representative sample of municipal landscape plans in Germany and a statistical-quantitative evaluation approach are used to uncover correlations between planning and landscape development. As a result, we can show that municipalities which draw up a landscape plan have a higher proportion of natural areas and a lower hemeroby index, i.e. a lower level of human influence. The model also reveals a significant relationship between the quality of the landscape plan as well as its duration of impact and the density of landscape structural elements. It is also determined that municipal landscape plans help protect grassland areas. The indicator-based method provides impulses for the international discussion on the evaluation of plans.     

分析师跟踪、内控有效性与科技型中小企业创新

基于2009-2017年创业板317家科技型中小企业数据，从发明专利产出视角，探究分析师跟踪、内部控制有效性与企业技术创新的关系。结果显示，分析师跟踪人数显著提升了企业发明专利产出，内部控制有效性在分析师跟踪人数与企业发明专利产出关系中起部分中介作用，且在融资约束程度较高的企业中更为显著。即企业内外部治理机制有效配合对科技型中小企业技术创新发挥促进效应，且该效应在企业融资约束程度较高时更为显著。     

“合规性”贸易壁垒影响产业国际竞争力的效应分析

“合规性”贸易壁垒的应用已成为当今贸易保护的最明显特征。本文首先简要讨论了产业国际竞争力的内涵及其评价方法,进而说明产业国际竞争力受“合规性”贸易壁垒影响的作用机理,并分别就“合规性”贸易壁垒对实施国及对象国的产业国际竞争力的影响效应进行了具体分析。     

提高中式面点实践课程的有效性

本文探讨如何提高面点烹饪实训教学有效性的对策,分局多年来在面点烹饪实训教学中的经验研究教学改革相关内容。     

Behind managerial reforms: the French experience

Inspired by new public management (NPM), managerial reforms in many countries from the 1990s onwards focused on three criteria: effectiveness, efficiency and enhancing service quality. These criteria were meant to be given equal weight in measuring performance, but this paper shows that some criteria dominated. The reform experiences of four countries are compared, with a focus on French reforms.     

谦卑型领导行为、组织公民行为与团队效能关系

领导行为影响团队效能。探讨了谦卑型领导行为对团队效能的影响,系统分析了组织公民行为在谦卑型领导行为与团队效能间的中介作用。通过问卷调查和统计分析,研究发现,谦卑型领导行为与团队效能显著正相关,谦卑型领导行为的3个维度都对团队绩效、团队承诺有显著正向影响;开门纳言、欣赏他人对团队满意度有显著正向影响。领导开门纳言、欣赏他人对组织公民行为有显著影响,而组织公民行为又显著影响团队绩效、团队满意度与团队承诺;组织公民行为在开门纳言与团队绩效、开门纳言与团队承诺关系间起完全中介作用,在开门纳言和团队满意度关系间起部分中介作用,在欣赏他人与团队效能关系间起部分中介作用。     

北京广告产业发展特点与关键

改革开放以来,北京广告业得到了快速发展,行业规模大、人才素质高、市场成熟度高,是我国广告市场传媒中心、创新研发中心、优质公司中心和高端人才中心。促进北京广告业发展,提高广告业在现代服务业中的比重和整体水平,是适应对外开放新形势、加速国内国际市场信息交流、提高资源配置效率、增强自主创新能力和民族品牌竞争力的迫切需要,是促进首都经济产业结构优化调整、加快转变经济发展方式和推进文化创意产业发展的有效途径,是加快北京世界城市建设的重要途径。     

国际贸易争端解决机制的选择及有效性:理论与中国抉择

国际贸易争端解决机制主要有双边谈判、诸边一体化以及多边WTO化解机制,相关国内外文献较少涉及这三种机制之间的选择和优劣比较。本文用一个博弈的理论框架,从国家及贸易产品市场类型差异的角度分析了不同解决机制下单国的福利以及世界的总福利状况。结果发现,对于具有市场势力的大国来说,参与国越少的机制对其越有利,而对于没有市场势力的小国则是参与国越多的机制对其越有利,同时多国参与的机制也更有利于世界的总福利。因此,中国在选择贸易争端解决机制时,必须根据争端商品的市场竞争情况及价格影响和控制能力进行合理抉择;而从我国大多数出口商品的市场特点看,越多国家参与的机制可能更加有利。