欧债危机的根源及对策分析——基于最优货币区内生性理论

根据最优货币区内生性理论,加入最优货币区的决定取决于一体化、对称性和劳动力市场弹性三种内生性。美国次贷危机导致欧元区对称性下降,金融一体化、劳动力市场弹性不足和财政转移支付等补偿机制的缺失,使得欧元区未能形成最优货币区。欧元区必须通过要素市场改革和推进财政一体化等措施,才能走出困境。     

意大利应对能源危机和气候变化的主要措施

意大利是一个能源高度依赖进口的国家,在可再生能源的利用和使用技术方面处于世界领先地位。其节能减排计划是在欧洲气候能源包计划总体框架的基础上进行的,有出台鼓励改善建筑能源效率政策、实施建筑光伏计划、热太阳能利用等;在应对气候变化方面,适时修改税收政策,加强废弃物的立法管理,推行新型城市交通变化,发展碳捕获和存储技术等。我国应看到欧美联手利用气候变化问题抬高第三世界国家发展经济的门槛。     

Banking deregulation and credit risk: Evidence from the EU

This paper studies the effect of banking deregulation on credit risk. Its theoretical model shows that a bank is willing to invest more resources in screening borrowers when there is an entry threat, even though loan rates are driven lower. Thus, deregulation may result in improved loan quality and lower credit risk. This result is tested using bank-level balance sheet data and macroeconomic data for the European Union. The data reveal that competition intensified after the completion of the Second Banking Directive, while loan quality improved in most markets. Evidence is found that the loan quality improvement is associated with lower interest margin.     

An investment-function-based measure of capacity utilisation.: Potential output and utilised capacity in the Bank of Italy's quarterly model

Measures of potential output and the output gap are increasingly being developed and used to concisely quantify and monitor the risk of price accelerations stemming from rises in aggregate demand that are not met by a corresponding increase in supply. They often play a prominent role in the price determination mechanisms of macroeconometric models. In this paper we build a measure of potential private-sector value added for the Italian economy that is consistent with the capital accumulation process in the Banca d'Italia's Quarterly Model — and more generally with the rest of the supply-side block of that model. More specifically, we exploit the fact that the investment function can be thought of as a relationship transforming desired gross additions to capacity output into capital accumulation by means of a conversion factor (the optimal capital/output ratio). Thus, if one removes the component of investment decisions that stems from changes in the relative price of the production factors, (i.e. in the optimal capital/output ratio), then a measure of the desired gross addition to capacity may be constructed. The results draw a cyclical picture of the degree of capacity utilisation for the period 1970–1997 that is roughly in line with those produced by the Wharton and Hodrick–Prescott filter approaches, as well as with the pictures resulting from the ISAE, IMF, European Commission and OECD measures of the output gap. Our investment-function-based measure appears to be a promising indicator of the pressure exerted on prices by demand accelerations. Its empirical properties are, on the whole, acceptable and plausible.     

中欧贸易与欧盟技术性贸易壁垒

近年来,技术性贸易壁垒(TBT)已成为发达国家实施贸易保护主义更为隐蔽、更为有效的手段.作为中国第三大贸易伙伴的欧盟,其实施的各种TBT措施对中国的出口产品产生了严重的影响.因此,必须建立欧盟技术性贸易壁垒预警机制,时时监控其新动向;坚持\"以质取胜\"的原则,大搞技术创新和产品创新,以更高的产品质量标准和专利注册超越其贸易壁垒.     

欧盟轮胎滚动噪声技术法规及检测技术分析

对欧盟轮胎滚动噪声技术法规的主要技术内容进行了研究,阐明了欧盟轮胎滚动噪声的分级及标签、噪声限值等技术要求,分析了轮胎滚动噪声的产生机理、影响因素和轮胎滚动噪声测试方法。建议为应对欧盟技术壁垒,应建设我国自己技术领先的轮胎试验场,开展轮胎滚动噪声性能测试和分析;改进轮胎设计和生产工艺,进一步提升我国轮胎产品性能,促进我国轮胎产品顺利出口。     

亚太五国基于亚欧合作的“丝路战略”比较研究

在经济全球化的背景下,中、美、日、韩、俄分别推出各自的基于亚欧经济合作的“丝路战略”,并希望以此为契机带动各自国家经济的发展。各国的“丝路战略”均聚焦于中亚地区,但覆盖范围不同,战略意图和目标也不同。中国的“丝路战略”拟构建战略合作伙伴关系,具有合作共赢的内在价值;美国的“丝路战略”强调其主导的“中亚 阿富汗 南亚”经济体;日本的“丝路战略”谋求在中亚和高加索站住脚跟,实现能源重心转移;俄罗斯的“丝路战略”试图恢复其传统政治影响,由“俄白哈关税同盟”逐渐向“欧亚联盟”过渡;韩国的“丝路战略”意欲通过中亚经济的繁荣寻求能源合作。中国要积极搭建同其他经济体的合作平台,扩大“一带一路”的国际影响力;要加强与中亚国家的联盟,并重视人文交流。     

"退而更化":中国合作金融的改良之路

合作金融的现代化从社会哲学上看,涉及到如何处理现代化与传统之间的紧张关系;涉及到否定传统、移植西方体制的思维方式对错的问题.从回答这个基本社会哲学问题入手,检讨中国传统合作金融组织——舍会的珍贵遗产,申明白愿原则是合作金融的灵魂以及这个灵魂对当今中国合作金融的改良所具有的价值.在此基础上,本文提出了以组建中国农村合作银行为核心的政策建议,而中国农业银行出售非农业务、回归农村,与农村信用社进行资本重组与业务整舍,是现实可行的一条最佳途径.