Debating Proposed Reforms of the Taxation of Corporate Income in the European Union

This paper reviews the European Commission's latest proposals (European Commission, 2002) for the co-ordination of corporation taxes within the EU. It provides a brief summary of the report, and then investigates the nature of the tax obstacles identified by the Commission, the conceptual basis of the location of taxation, and the relatively novel lack of attention to the integration of corporate and personal taxes.  

Coordinating VATs Between EU Member States

The paper surveys coordination requirements for a final European VAT (short for viable integrated VAT) system. Using a set of criteria that can be identified from the EU VAT program for the single market, we analyze the potential superiority of the Commission's 1996 VAT proposal and four alternative VAT systems over the current transitional regime. We argue that the recent withdrawal of the 1996 VAT proposal is economically beneficial, as this VAT reform would have generated substantial costs for EU member states due to losses in national tax autonomy and adverse incentives in VAT collection and control. If the Commission adheres to its political desiderata, the VIVAT regime turns out to be a promising blueprint for the EU. If the Commission decides to lay aside its preference for compliance symmetry, and accepts that different treatment of domestic and cross-border supplies under the transitional VAT regime should not be regarded discriminatory in the Internal Market, then keeping and revising the transitional system should turn out to be a good VAT strategy for Europe.  

欧盟国家养老金改革：反思和借鉴

欧盟国家养老金改革与中国养老金制度建设和调整具有不同的历史起点和任务,因此欧盟改革的理论和经验难以直接用于中国实践。不过,欧盟国家养老金改革的进程对于目前有争议的中国养老金制度调整,可能有着重要的启示。  

欧盟金融监管一体化的演变与发展——兼评危机后欧盟监管改革

本文依据欧盟在金融监管一体化进程中的两个重要事件——莱姆法路西框架的建立和金融危机后欧盟金融监管改革方案的推出为分界点,对监管一体化发展进行了阶段划分,明确了各阶段的一体化进展情况以及欧盟层面金融监管机构的演变,并对危机后欧盟监管改革的一体化特征进行了归纳与评价。  

欧盟国家养老金改革：反思和借鉴

欧盟国家养老金改革与中国养老金制度建设和调整具有不同的历史起点和任务,因此欧盟改革的理论和经验难以直接用于中国实践。不过,欧盟国家养老金改革的进程对于目前有争议的中国养老金制度调整,可能有着重要的启示。  

Dual VATs and Cross-Border Trade: Two Problems, One Solution?

In recent years, two distinct but related questions have been raised with respect to value-added taxes (VATs). Concern has been expressed over whether it is desirable or even possible for both national and subnational governments in federal countries such as India, Argentina, and Russia to impose VATs. One reason for thinking that such subnational VATs are unlikely to be workable on a destination basis is the problem of cross-border trade. Of course, this same problem also arises within the European Union, where there is no EU VAT. Drawing upon Canadian experience, we argue that not only is it possible to have two-tier or dual VATs on a destination basis in a single country but that the existence of dual VATs may help deal with some of the problems of cross-border trade.  

欧盟贸易救济的公共利益评价及其启示

为了平衡共同体产业和用户、消费者等各方面的利益,欧盟在实施贸易救济措施前均对其是否符合共同体利益进行评价。欧盟针对养殖大西洋三文鱼实施的贸易救济措施覆盖反倾销、反补贴和保障措施,欧盟当局在相关裁定中对共同体利益的评价体现了欧盟公共利益评价的特点,对中国在贸易救济领域实施公共利益原则具有借鉴意义。  

Corporate income taxation in Lithuania in the context of the EU

This paper explores Lithuania's competitiveness in the area of corporate income taxation. In order to assess how much freedom of action the country has in designing its own corporate income tax policy, the process of EU tax harmonization is analyzed by evaluating justification for tax harmonization, the major developments and the main outcomes of this process. Lithuania's corporate income tax system is compared with the systems in the other EU countries. Following a macro backward-looking approach, the paper calculates the measures of effective profit tax burden. Effective tax burden measures are computed for the whole enlarged EU. Such calculations are still rare in the economic literature.  

中国企业在欧盟反倾销中的待遇

欧盟是对中国企业提起反倾销调查最多的WTO成员之一.欧盟长期将中国视为"非市场经济国家",在针对中国产品的反倾销调查中使用歧视性"类比国"方法认定产品的正常价值.1998年以来,欧盟允许中国涉案企业申请"市场经济待遇",对符合条件者适用正常的反倾销规则.中国希望欧盟尽早承认中国的市场经济地位,今年欧盟给予较为积极的回应.即使市场经济地位问题较快得到解决,中国企业仍将长期面临欧盟反倾销的困扰.  

The Effects of Liberalisation on Market and Currency Risk in the European Union

This paper investigates the effects of liberalisation on the pricing of market and currency risk for a number of financial markets in the European Union (EU). An International Asset Pricing Model with a multivariate GARCH‐in‐Mean specification and time‐varying prices of risk is used for the four markets with the largest capitalisation in the EU. Only one price of market risk exists and international investors are rewarded for their exposure to currency risk. The evidence shows that all prices of risk are time‐varying and have been decreasing during the process of liberalisation. There is also evidence that markets react to period of uncertainty in the process toward the completion of liberalisation. In addition, the operation of the European Monetary System has generated lower covariances. As a consequence, total risk premia have declined in the last decade.