中国城市科技人才集聚促进了全要素生产率增长吗——来自285个地级市的经验研究

基于2005—2018年中国内地285个地级市数据，对城市科技人才集聚与全要素生产率（简称“TFP”）进行测度分析，实证考察科技人才集聚对TFP的影响。结果表明：①城市科技人才集聚与TFP空间分异特征显著，但二者具有较强的时空一致性，即科技人才集聚特征显著的城市，其TFP也相对稳定；②城市科技人才集聚对TFP的影响呈倒U型，但研究期内大多数城市仍处于集聚效应占主导阶段,科技人才集聚通过提升城市技术进步水平促进TFP增长，而科技人才集聚对技术效率的影响呈倒U型；③不同类型城市科技人才集聚对其TFP影响的异质性显著，且适宜集聚区间也存在差异。省会城市及一、二线城市等优势特征显著的城市所能承受的科技人才集聚规模上限更高，有利于通过释放集聚红利促进TFP增长，而非省会城市、三线及以下城市等则拐点值较低。     

资源约束下的创业导向、资源行动策略与企业成长

资源约束背景下，如何制定有效的创业导向及资源行动策略对动态环境中企业成长具有重要意义。基于动态能力视角，以恒瑞医药为例，探讨其不同发展阶段创业导向、资源行动策略与企业成长间的内在作用机理。结果发现：①高差异性和高合法性是企业资源行动所追求的理想状态，但在不同发展阶段二者的侧重点不同；②创业导向为企业资源行动策略提供方向，而资源行动策略则是创业导向得以实施的保障，二者相互契合，共同促进企业成长；③多重资源约束是企业创业导向和资源行动的直接动因，而企业能力提升是创业导向和资源行动产生的有效结果，该过程中管理者认知为企业资源环境分析、创业导向制定以及资源行动选择提供有力保障。     

技术并购能够带来技术创新效应吗 ——收购公司成长潜力视角

选择2009—2017年我国A股高科技产业上市公司并购事件作为研究对象，考察技术并购能否给收购公司带来技术创新效应，以及收购公司成长潜力水平对技术并购与技术创新效应的调节作用，并进一步从两维度区分不同类型技术并购以检验其技术创新效应差异。结果发现：技术并购能够显著带来技术创新产出效应和技术创新促进效应；收购公司成长潜力越大，技术并购带来的技术创新效应越显著。此外，相对技术进入型并购，技术巩固型并购更能给收购公司带来显著技术创新效应，而国内技术并购与跨境技术并购带来的技术创新效应不存在显著差异。     

瞪羚企业认定是否提高了企业创新质量

瞪羚企业认定是我国创新驱动发展战略的重要措施，旨在培育高科技、高成长性企业，促进科技进步和经济高质量发展。为研究瞪羚企业认定能否切实提升企业创新质量，利用2005-2018年新三板企业数据和PSM-DID方法研究瞪羚企业认定对企业创新质量的影响及作用机制。结果发现：①瞪羚企业认定对企业创新质量有正向促进效应，且这种效应在地区和企业层面均存在异质性；②人力投入是瞪羚企业认定发挥作用的重要渠道；③制度因素对瞪羚企业认定影响的调节效应有限，意味着我国市场化改革和知识产权保护工作仍需进一步完善。最后，为政府有效开展瞪羚企业认定工作、促进企业提高创新质量提出政策建议。     

A benchmark for wage growth through the lens of the Beveridge curve

Using an estimated Beveridge curve, we trace out the vacancy–unemployment ratio in the steady state. This steady-state measure for labour market tightness is embedded in a VAR framework to obtain a benchmark for wage growth reflecting a labour market equilibrium.     

乌鲁木齐市建设用地对经济增长的贡献及Logistic曲线极限点估计研究

[目的]为提高乌鲁木齐市各生产要素的利用效率,明确经济发展模式,同时也为促进土地资源节约集约利用提供科学依据。[方法]基于C-D生产函数,以2005—2015年乌鲁木齐市统计数据为样本,借助EViews6.0和SPSS20.0软件测算出建设用地对经济增长的贡献率以及Logistic曲线极限点。[结果](1)资本投入要素对经济增长的贡献率(56.72%)最大,建设用地投入要素贡献(32.81%)次之,然后是劳动力投入要素贡献(13.25%),技术进步投入要素贡献(-2.78%)最小,但拥有很大的挖掘空间;(2)建设用地对经济增长的Logistic曲线极限点位于第二、三产业产值为1 522亿元处,对应2011年产值,2005—2011年建设用地对经济增长的贡献呈递增趋势,2011年之后贡献速度呈递减趋势,逐渐趋于平缓。[结论]建设用地对经济增长的驱动作用是有限的,只有通过技术创新才能实现经济发展模式由"依资本型"向"技术驱动型"转变。     

Impact of an urban growth boundary across the entire house price spectrum: The two-stage quantile spatial regression approach

This study provides evidence for the impact of an urban growth boundary (UGB) on house prices. The study employs a two-stage quantile spatial regression method on a dataset that inventories sales transactions of single-family houses within two miles of either side of the eastern boundary of the primary UGB in King County, Washington. The results show that while the UGB decreases house prices across the entire house price spectrum, the impact is uneven; it is most pronounced for houses in the 5th to 8th decile of prices. These findings should encourage policy makers to adopt sub-housing-market-level policy approaches to address UGB and other urban and regional development policies’ potential impacts on house prices.     

External Debts,Institutions and Growth in SSA

The study investigates the impact of institutional quality on the external debt–growth nexus in SSA. Data from 36 SSA economies over the 1996–2013 periods were used. The results from the IV-System GMM imply that institutional quality has robust effects on the external debt–growth nexus. Thus, the impact of external debt on growth is through host nation’s institutional quality. However, the mediating effect of institutional quality on this nexus is up to a point. When a country is on the wrong side of the debt-laffer curve, external debt becomes irrelevant; and institutional quality can no longer help.     

Estimating yield curves of the U.S. Treasury securities: An interpolation approach

Following the approach of interpolation, this paper proposes the multiple exponential decay model to fit yield curves for both the U.S. TIPS market and the conventional Treasury security market. Several estimation methods, including the unconstrained/constrained nonlinear minimization, quadratic programming, and the iterative linear least squares, are applied to estimate the unknown parameters according to different curve‐fitting purposes. Comparisons between the proposed model and the alternatives show that the multiple exponential decay successfully (1) adapts to a variety of shapes associated with yield curves, (2) (partially) keeps in line with the economic interpretations of Nelson–Siegel summarized by Diebold and Li ( 2006 ), and (3) dominates the competing models in curve‐fitting performance measured by mean fitted‐price errors over the sample period. In addition, the exact specification of a nonparametric interpolation model is pinned down by applying three statistical tools, which enable us to jointly take into account validity, optimality, and parsimoniousness of the proposed model.     

European Integration,Capitalist Diversity and Crises Trajectories on Europe’s Eastern Periphery

ABSTRACT

European policy responses to the Global Financial Crisis and its European manifestation have set off a scholarly debate whether different national varieties of capitalism are equally able to cope with deepened European integration. To date, this debate has mostly focused on the contrasting fates of the thriving northern export-oriented capitalisms and the ailing southern European ones. This paper seeks to broaden the debate by focusing on Europe’s Eastern periphery. It argues that a combination of domestic transformation strategies and the EU’s accession policies resulted in two different growth regimes on Europe’s Eastern periphery: a dependent export-driven in the Visegrád countries and a dependent debt-driven in the Baltic States. On the basis of the pre- and post-crisis trajectories of these two growth models, this paper finds that because East Central European capitalisms were profoundly shaped by EU integration, they are on balance also more compatible with deepened integration than Southern European capitalisms.