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1.
Empirical evidence suggests that women are discriminated against in the labor market. We analyze the effects of taste-based and statistical gender discrimination on business cycle and inflation dynamics by including unpaid household production, two-agent households, and discriminatory firm behavior in a tractable New Keynesian model. After a negative demand shock, we find that the economic downturn is more severe in comparison to a non-discriminatory environment, as the shock implies an increase in the inefficient utilization of female and male productivity. Furthermore, the working time allocation between women and men becomes more inefficient. Moreover, we show that discrimination implies a lower transmission of expansionary monetary policy shocks on inflation. Overall, taste-based discrimination leads to larger macroeconomic distortions, while statistical discrimination implies higher intra-household inefficiencies.  相似文献   
2.
本文基于全球42个主要经济体1991—2016年的面板数据,系统考察了双支柱政策框架的金融稳定效应。实证结果表明:(1)货币政策和宏观审慎政策在抑制家庭信贷增长上具有显著作用,双支柱政策在缓解金融风险顺周期性上具有显著的金融稳定效应;(2)盯住贷款的宏观审慎工具和针对借款人、贷款人的宏观审慎组合具有更为显著的金融稳定效应;(3)新兴经济体的货币政策在抑制家庭信贷扩张上的作用不显著,但其宏观审慎政策的金融稳定效应相较发达经济体更为显著,发达经济体双支柱政策的金融稳定效应总体显著,其中货币政策效应更为突出;(4)发达经济体的货币政策效应在下行周期优于上行周期,宏观审慎政策及其与货币政策的交互效应在上行周期优于下行周期;(5)只有个别宏观审慎工具会对失业率、消费和物价产生微弱的负效应。  相似文献   
3.
We add to the ongoing discussion regarding the policy consequences of terrorism by analyzing the effect of terrorism on international economic policy for a panel of 170 countries between 1970 and 2016. We find that countries resort to less liberal international economic policies when facing the threat of terrorism. This effect is especially relevant to smaller (less populated) countries. Our main finding is robust to an instrumental-variable approach. We argue that governments pursue less liberal international economic policies in response to terrorism to interrupt the organization and financing of terrorism, limit capital flight, stabilize public finances and signal political resolve.  相似文献   
4.
We study unconventional policy shocks and information shocks associated with central bank announcements in the U.S. While unconventional policy shocks capture the direct influence of announced monetary policy actions, information shocks are associated with central bank information conveyed with the announcement. To disentangle these two types of shocks, we impose sign restrictions on high frequency changes in interest rates and stock prices around announcements. We find that information shocks lead to persistent declines in the 10-year government bond yield, whereas the actual unconventional policy shock induces only small interest rate responses. We also find that expansionary output effects of unconventional monetary policy are to some extent counteracted by the information shock.  相似文献   
5.
产业不断转型升级是实现经济高质量发展的关键,从数量和质量两个维度可以总结出其具体路径。选取1985-2017年中国年度数据和1960-2017年美国年度数据,运用向量自回归模型对广义和狭义产业结构以及经济增长间的动态关系进行分析。结果表明,中美之间产业转型升级对经济发展的影响存在差异,据此可以得出高质量发展下中国产业转型升级方向,即拓展并细化产业转型升级维度;注重不同产业间的配比,尤其是生产性服务业和制造业配比;重视并确立制造业的根本地位;提升我国经济外向型程度。  相似文献   
6.
军民融合产业园区高质量发展对于推进军民深度融合、在全国形成可复制可推广经验具有重要意义。军民融合协同创新通过促进新知识涌现、推进新产业集聚发展,最终汇聚经济发展新动能,驱动园区高质量发展。在提出军民融合协同创新驱动园区高质量发展的机理与组织框架基础上,将发展模式归纳为以分享经济为背景的资源共享模式、以新型研发机构为核心的第三方模式、以产业联盟为核心的产业链拓展模式和以交易平台为核心的“PPP”模式,最后提出相关对策建议。  相似文献   
7.
近年来,苏州工业园区大力实施创新驱动发展战略,在打造世界一流高科技园区建设方面取得明显成效。文章在阐述园区当前发展现状的基础上,剖析园区创新发展存在的薄弱环节,进而提出建设世界一流高科技园区的战略对策。  相似文献   
8.
Monetary policy relies on managing the inflation expectations of the public in order to influence prices (inflation). Relying on the South African experience, we argue that most of the general public are exposed to the communication of the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) only via the media. This state of affairs is fairly typical around the globe. We explored the role and biases of the journalists in transmitting the SARB’s communications to the rationally inattentive general public. Our aim was to obtain insights about the factors that influence media articles that deal with monetary policy issues. Using interviews and qualitative content analysis, we explored the extent of the journalists’ knowledge about inflation and monetary policy, their views concerning the credibility of the SARB, the sources of information they use, and the constraints and incentives they face in writing their articles.  相似文献   
9.
In this article, we compare two kinds of environmental regulations—emissions taxes and green R&D subsidies—in private and mixed-duopoly markets in the presence of R&D spillovers. We show that a green R&D subsidy is better (worse) than an emissions tax when the green R&D is efficient (inefficient), irrespective of R&D spillovers, whereas the existence of a publicly owned firm encourages the government to adopt a subsidy policy. We also show that the optimal policy choice depends on R&D efficiency and spillovers. In particular, when green R&D is inefficient and the spillover rate is low (high), the government should choose an emissions tax and (not) privatize the state-owned firm. When green R&D is efficient, however, an R&D subsidy is better, but a privatization policy is not desirable for society, irrespective of spillovers.  相似文献   
10.
We investigate the impact of macroprudential policy on Irish households' perception of savings adequacy, with a particular focus on households intending to purchase a home. These measures tighten loan-to-value ratios and raise the entry cost for home purchase. We find that the measures have had a significant impact on savings constraints. Indeed, constrained potential buyers, who are planning to purchase, but not presently saving to buy a home, are the group most affected as the macroprudential rules increase the downpayment size required. Heterogeneous effects across households indicate younger, private renting households, and those with relatively uncertain cash flows.  相似文献   
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