NVC龙企功能升级模式演进及机理纵向案例研究——技术自主性视角

国内龙头企业核心技术自主可控成为制约NVC（国内价值链）功能升级的关键问题。通过文献归纳，以能力自主与产权自主解构技术自主性内涵，并根据产品平台与技术轨道双维度划分NVC龙企功能升级模式。基于“能力—战略—行为—绩效（RSCP）”分析框架，选取华为海思公司作为纵向案例研究对象，探索技术自主性视角下NVC龙企功能升级模式及演进机理。结果发现，模块创新与知识产权创造能力通过产品渐进升级模式提升供应链；架构创新与知识产权布局能力可以调整技术轨道，通过产品突破升级模式I打通创新链；架构创新、模块创新和知识产权运营能力可以变革技术轨道，通过产品突破升级模式II主导价值链。     

期望落差与互联网新创企业狙击型国际化——基于资源条件与市场环境二元情境视角

互联网新创企业国际化战略目标及实施路径独具特色，逐渐成为研究热点。以北京小桔科技有限公司为案例对象，基于业绩反馈理论和前景理论，构建“期望落差-二元情境-狙击型国际化”的研究框架，系统揭示互联网新创企业狙击型国际化行为及实现机制。研究发现：期望落差促使互联网新创企业实施狙击型国际化战略，资源条件与市场环境二元情境在其中具有调节作用，即在资源劣势-市场壁垒高情境下采取“组合拳”模式的狙击型国际化，在资源劣势-市场壁垒低情境下采取界内合作模式的狙击型国际化，在资源优势-市场壁垒高情境下采取跨界协作模式的狙击型国际化，在资源优势-市场壁垒低情境下采取市场控制模式的狙击型国际化。     

全国煤炭交易中心运营模式研究

全国煤炭交易中心的设立对规范我国煤炭交易市场规则、实施能源宏观调控、提升我国煤炭国际定价话语权具有重要意义。在分析全国煤炭交易中心功能定位和业务的基础上,设计中长期合同邀约、现货挂牌、现货竞价、现货招投标4种交易模式及业务流程,提出依托国家重大战略争取政策支持、加强各方沟通完善综合物流体系、建立银企合作机制与信用体系、完善煤炭交易中心协调机制、增强信息服务与风险防控能力等对策建议。研究成果对优化煤炭供给结构、规范煤炭交易市场和保障国家煤炭能源安全提供了支撑。     

Information,market power,and price volatility

We consider demand function competition with a finite number of agents and private information. We show that any degree of market power can arise in the unique equilibrium under an information structure that is arbitrarily close to complete information. Regardless of the number of agents and the correlation of payoff shocks, market power may be arbitrarily close to zero (the competitive outcome) or arbitrarily large (so there is no trade). By contrast, price volatility is always lower than the variance of the aggregate shock across all information structures. Alternative trading mechanisms lead to very distinct bounds as a comparison with Cournot competition establishes.     

Testing loss aversion and diminishing sensitivity in review sentiment

This article analyzes the relationship between ratings and review sentiment by introducing, for the first time, the tenets of prospect theory. Specifically, we test loss aversion and diminishing sensitivity on a sample of 132,486 reviews and find that: first, negative deviations in ratings (receiving a service with worse performance than expected) bring about a higher impact on review sentiment than positive deviations of equal magnitude (receiving a service with better performance than expected), thus, confirming loss aversion; and second, regardless of whether the service received is better or worse than expected, variations in ratings closer to the reference point result in higher marginal impacts on sentiment than equivalent variations further away from the reference point, thus, proving diminishing sensitivity. These results have relevant theoretical implications related to the use of relative vs absolute measures and the cognitive bias involved, and managerial implications linked to meeting expectations and service recovery.     

Free-play impact by customer segment

Little is known about the effectiveness of casino free-play campaigns, despite hundreds of millions of dollars in annual redemptions. These costly play incentives are awarded to individual players, based largely on management’s evaluation of their historical play. Extant campaign-level research suggests these incentives may not be effective in driving spend per visit, but there has been no attempt to examine efficacy across player tiers (e.g., light, medium, and heavy users). Analysis of 365 days of performance data from a Las Vegas Strip casino produced varied results across tiers, but all tier-level findings indicated a failure to recover the face value of the free-play incentives. While no support was garnered for the house money effect, the results were consistent with the notion of loss aversion. The methodological approach outlined herein provides the means to critically evaluate free-play offers at the tier level, fast-tracking campaign optimization via more targeted revisions.     

大数据环境特征对IT外包项目绩效的影响

对知识密集型的IT外包行业来说，大数据环境成为接包企业潜在的知识来源。然而，大数据环境是否真的促进IT接包项目绩效？如何从中获益？现有文献对这些问题缺乏研究。基于资源编排理论，探讨了大数据易得性和冗杂性对IT接包项目绩效的直接影响，检验了功能组合和专项突破两种软件开发策略的调节作用，提出6条假设，采用195个IT外包项目数据进行检验。研究发现，大数据易得性显著提高接包项目绩效，而大数据冗杂性显著降低项目绩效；功能组合策略增强而专项突破策略削弱了大数据易得性对项目绩效的促进作用；两种开发策略对大数据冗杂性与项目绩效关系的调节作用不显著。     

科技人才集聚对中国区域科技创新效率的影响

基于2005-2015年省际面板数据，构建超越对数随机前沿距离函数模型，借鉴产业区位熵思想，研究科技人才集聚对中国区域科技创新效率的影响。结果表明，科技创新效率存在区域差异，东部地区高于中部、西部、东北地区，西部最低；科技人才集聚规模和均衡度与区域科技创新效率显著正相关，强度与区域科技创新效率显著负相关。鉴于此，为提高区域科技创新效率、缩小区域差异，我国政府应全方位培育并吸引科技人才，合理引导科技人才流动、整合科技人才资源。     

基于FAST的医院文化的功能分析

本文基于价值工程(Value Engineering,VE)的原理和方法,对医院文化的功能体系开展了分析,认为医院文化的最终功能一是促进医院的健康发展,二是促进社区的和谐。其基本功能包括显性文化的功能和隐性文化功能二种。在此基础上,探讨了医院文化的实现手段和基础需求。     

世界国防科技工业综合实力评价

为客观准确地评价世界国防科技工业综合实力，构建了基于AHP-CRITIC-CTWF的国防科技工业综合实力评价指标体系和测算方法，利用层次分析法和CRITIC法进行主客观加权组合赋权，运用中心点混合三角白化权函数进行聚类分析。对20个代表性国家的国防科技工业综合实力进行了实证分析，结果表明：整体来看，各国国防科技工业综合实力四层次的分布格局较为明确；从准则层看，大部分国家国防科技工业各层面建设与综合实力水平有较大差别，有的国家综合实力排名靠前，但层面建设不足，限制了国防科技工业的发展，如俄罗斯；有的国家综合实力排名虽然不高，但在某些层面处于领先地位，成为其国防科技工业发展的重点和优势，如韩国。