The Emergence of Proto-Institutions in the New Normal Business Landscape: Dialectic Institutional Work and the Dutch Drone Industry

In the current business landscape, in which technology-enabled entrepreneurship is part of the New Normal, regulatory institutional structures are in constant flux. Previous studies have framed the challenges facing entrepreneurs in mature organizational fields as avoiding the power of overbearing regulators long enough to establish the legitimacy of their ventures. In fields typified by New Normal conditions, however, regulatory frameworks for evaluating new technology-enabled ventures are often still lacking. Regulators may choose to actively reach out to entrepreneurs to arrive at a better understanding of the radical technological changes and high-frequency entrepreneurial behavioural adaptations that occur in these settings. To grasp how novel regulatory institutional structures come about in the New Normal business landscape, we conducted a processual study of the emergence of a new technology that is the Dutch remotely piloted aircraft systems (drone) industry between 2000 and 2018. Our findings show that regulatory proto-institutions result from dialectic institutional work in the form of structured interactions between entrepreneurs and regulators. Specifically, we present a process model that reveals how new regulatory structures evolve in contexts where high levels of technological and behavioural change induce systemic uncertainty, and enlarge the interdependence between entrepreneurs and regulators. We suggest that our process theory of proto-institutional emergence generalizes towards other organizational fields in which technology-enabled entrepreneurship has become the main driver of growth. Theoretically, our findings speak to the literatures on institutional work, proto-institutional emergence, and the New Normal business landscape.     

社会资本与超额在职消费：激浊扬清还是推波助澜

作为企业治理的重要问题之一，代理成本诱发超额在职消费引起各界广泛关注。文章以2007-2019年A股上市公司为初始样本，考察我国各省社会资本水平差异对超额在职消费影响。研究表明，社会资本显著提高超额在职消费，起到推波助澜的负面效用；进一步研究表明，公司治理水平维度上通过提高机构投资持股比例、短期债务融资比例及扩大独立董事比例和监事会规模均能抑制社会资本加剧超额在职消费的负面效用，公司治理环境维度上通过强化企业内部治理环境、加快市场化进程亦能削弱社会资本对超额在职消费的“推波助澜”。以上结论为社会资本利弊之争提供有益补充，亦凸显非正式制度与正式制度的治理替代效应，同时为企业完善内部治理水平及政府优化制度环境与规则治理以抑制社会资本负面效用提供一定借鉴。     

学者型CEO更加自律吗?——学术经历对高管在职消费的影响

本文选取2010—2016年中国沪深A股上市公司样本,实证检验CEO学术经历对高管在职消费行为的影响。研究发现,学术经历有助于CEO强化道德自觉、增强道德自律,形成内在的自我约束与监督机制,进而抑制了其所在企业的高管在职消费活动。当CEO拥有高层次学术经历或来自内部晋升时,CEO学术经历对高管在职消费的抑制效应更为显著。该结论在采用双重差分模型、Heckman两阶段模型控制潜在的内生性问题及其他稳健性检验之后仍然成立。进一步研究表明,在自由现金流较多、董事会规模较大或独立性较低、外部审计监督较弱以及产品市场竞争程度较低等公司内外部治理环境较差的情景下,学者型CEO的自律品质所能发挥的治理作用更大,对高管在职消费的抑制效应也更为明显。此外,在党的十八大之后,随着“八项规定”等多项高压反腐政策的出台,政策效应在国有企业高管在职消费的治理中发挥着主导性作用,CEO学术经历对国有企业高管在职消费的抑制效应有所下降。本文为高管学术经历的治理效应假说提供了证据支持,对于上市公司规范和治理高管在职消费行为、选聘合适的高管人才具有重要的借鉴意义。     

一般贸易与加工贸易对我国经济增长影响的比较分析

改革开放以来,我国加工贸易发展十分迅速。目前,国内学者对加工贸易对我国经济增长影响的看法不一。本文采用线性回归的方法,从进口和出口两个角度,实证分析一般贸易和加工贸易对我国经济增长的影响,并提出相应的政策建议。     

"丝绸之路经济带"国内段建设:战略意义及功能定位

"丝绸之路经济带"与海上丝绸之路、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带共同构成经济新常态下的三大战略. 该经济带建设既是西部大开发战略的深化,也是中国向西开放战略的新高地. 其核心区包括西北五省(市、区)和四川、重庆. 它主要承担着国家循环经济发展示范区、国家重要的生态屏障、战略性新兴产业培育、内陆地区对外开放等功能. "丝绸之路经济带"建设,应重点从战略合作、建立立体交通网络、加快经济区和城镇群建设,通过产业链的形式在国内形成"树干—树根"式的关联关系.     

面对反倾销调查:企业会计准备好了吗?——以美国为例的分析报告

反倾销调查赋予了企业会计新的内容和方法,本文在分析反倾销问卷调查有关会计内容的基础上,提出了企业会计在特殊时期应承担的具体任务:会计资料的重新归类、生产成本的合理计算、正常价格的适当选择、会计方法有目的进行调整等,按照会计信息决策有用的目标为反倾销调查取证提供依据。     

美国大豆倾销中国的实证分析

本文通过对中美两国大豆生产成本、收益、补贴和市场价格的详细分析和比较,并参照巴西大豆的相关数据,实证分析了美国大豆以低于"正常价值"倾销中国的事实。这种倾销给中国大豆产业造成了伤害,却惠及了美国大豆产业。随着美国大豆出口量的不断扩大,国际市场大豆价格出现上涨趋势,美国大豆生产者的成本利润率显著增加,美国大豆加工企业在中国的市场份额不断提高,这种倾销方式更倾向于掠夺性倾销。本文建议向美国大豆征收反倾销税,同时采取加大对国内农业基础设施投入等一系列措施,以避免其他农产品陷入与大豆同样的被动局面。     

金融投资理论：一种基于动物精神和宏观对冲的框架

2008年全球金融危机后,金融投资理论在重新理解和抽象真实世界的基础上,对主流估值模型、投资者行为和全球宏观对冲等几个重要方面进行了深刻反思。总的来看,微观层面的进展,一是进一步认识到把投资者情绪引入传统基本面估值模型中的意义;二是利用动物精神理论发展了对投资者认知规律、决策过程和群体行为的研究。宏观层面的进展表现为提出了储蓄者和非储蓄者模型以及＂新常态＂和国际货币新体系的观念。

Abstract：

After global financial crisis in 2008,on the basis of reunderstanding the real world and putting it in abstract terms,financial investment theory has thoroughly rethought its keyaspects including mainstream valuation models,investor behavior and global macro hedging,etc. In summary,one of the developments in the micro perspective is the further realization ofthe significance of integrating investor sentiment into traditional fundamental valuation models,and another development lies in the research on investor perception,decision process and herd behavior based on the theory of animal spirits. Development in the macro perspective resides in the introduction of the model of saves and dissavers,as well as the ideas of new normal and new international monetary system.     

统计理论在木片抽样方案中的应用

介绍了木片取样的系统抽样方案,经验抽样方案和概率抽样方案,通过分析系统取样方案中含水率、规格片、朽木和树皮等检验项目的历史统计,提出含水率,规格片和树皮都服从近似正态分布的规律,并在此基础上预设了含水率的允差。     

The Exchange Rate and Inflation in Argentina: A Classical Critique of Orthodox and Heterodox Policy Prescriptions

In this paper we present an alternative framework to neoclassical theory of international trade and exchange rate determination. Our model, inspired in the classical tradition, provides support for the assertion that an exchange rate policy aiming to improve national competitiveness and to bring about a sustained trade surplus is a viable option. In fact, the success of this strategy does not depend on the effectiveness of monetary sterilization —as many argentinean heterodox authors claim— but on the ability to overcome the boundaries imposed by the evolution of the domestic wage rate and the potential emergence of competitive devaluations. In the particular case of Argentina, the introduction of export taxes on land-intensive commodities, in which the economy has absolute advantages, brings an additional policy tool that can make both the exchange rate target and the workers claims consistent.