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1.
Among Asian economies, Hong Kong has experienced the highest real growth in house prices since the 2010s. Two macroprudential measures, namely credit tightening (loan-to-value ratio cap) and transaction taxes (stamp duty), were introduced to cool down the overheated housing market. This study examines and compares their effectiveness based on a set of constant-quality house price indices. Through an error correction model, we find that credit tightening was able to curb house price growth in the high-price segment, while transaction taxes could not. An explanation is that the exemptions from transaction taxes for those with genuine housing needs could be abused by other market participants. It is easier for buyers to exploit the exemptions to get around the stamp duty than to manipulate the property valuation for mortgage lending. The implication is that the effectiveness of macroprudential measures hinges on whether compliance or exemption can be easily monitored and enforced. 相似文献
2.
The Importance of taste in experimental auctions: consumers’ valuation of calorie and sweetener labeling of soft drinks 下载免费PDF全文
A majority of purchases that consumers make are classified as repeat purchases. One of the main reasons why consumers make repeat food purchases is the food's taste. Therefore, we examined the importance of including taste testing in nonhypothetical experimental auctions. Specifically, we used two experiments to determine consumers’ willingness to pay for soft drinks labeled with different calorie and sweetener information. In Experiment 1, participants tasted the soft drinks prior to the bidding rounds. In Experiment 2, participants did not taste the soft drinks prior to the bidding rounds. Bidding behavior for the soft drinks was significantly different between Experiment 1 and Experiment 2. Results suggest that including taste testing in the design of experimental auctions is important to accurately capture consumers’ willingness to pay for foods that are purchased repeatedly. Results also imply that policies aimed at combating obesity by making the calorie content of foods more visible may not produce desired outcomes. 相似文献
3.
Robert J. Hill 《Journal of economic surveys》2013,27(5):879-914
Every house is different. It is important that house price indexes take account of these quality differences. Hedonic methods which express house prices as a function of a vector of characteristics (such as number of bedrooms and bathrooms, land area and location) are particularly useful for this purpose. I consider here some developments in the hedonic methodology, as it is applied in a housing context, that have occurred in the last three decades. A number of hedonic house price indexes are now available. However, it is often difficult to see how these indexes relate to each other. For this reason I attempt to impose some structure on the literature by developing a taxonomy of hedonic indexes, and then show how existing indexes fit into this taxonomy. Also discussed are some promising areas for future research in the hedonic field. In particular, greater use needs to be made of spatial econometric and nonparametric methods to exploit the increased availability of geospatial data. The main criticisms of the hedonic approach are evaluated and compared with those of the repeat‐sales and stratified median methods. The overall conclusion is that the advantages of the hedonic approach outweigh its disadvantages. 相似文献
4.
This paper is an analysis of the likelihood for repeat visits to a sun and sand destination by tourists. For this purpose, an empirical study was conducted using tourists who had visited the destination. The analysis took into account the travelling group composition. The results showed that, for the total tourist sample, overall satisfaction had the biggest influence on the decision of whether to revisit a destination, while the least important influence was the tourist's perceived image. These influences varied, however, when different travelling group compositions were considered. The results are of vital importance in tourism management policies, because they can contribute to the better design and development of tourism promotion strategies. 相似文献
5.
This study initiates an original inquiry into the image of community-based festivals (CBFs). A CBF image model was proposed and empirically tested based on existing destination image models. Four image constructs were identified as Attributes, Family and Friendliness, Affective Association, and Overall Evaluation. The interrelationships among these constructs were tested by structural equation modeling. The findings revealed that Attributes affects Family and Friendliness and Affective Association, which in turn, affects Overall Evaluation. This study also included visitor loyalty in the understanding of CBF image. It was found that repeat visitors had more favorable perceptions of the CBF than did first-time visitors. Significant perceptual differences were found in Family and Friendliness, Affective Association, and Overall Evaluation between the two groups of festival goers. In addition, it was revealed that loyalty exerted significantly negative interaction effects on the relationship between Attributes and Family and Friendliness, as well as the linkage between Family and Friendliness and Overall Evaluation. In addition, this study illustrated the importance of the support of local residents for CBFs. CBF planners and local tourism organizations would benefit from this study in terms of cultivating visitor loyalty to these festivals and building the destination's brand. 相似文献
6.
Tim Friehe 《Journal of Economics》2009,97(2):165-183
The severity of the sanction for a given offense is often determined by the offense history of the offender. We establish
that this policy can be welfare-maximizing if individuals are imperfectly informed about the magnitude of the sanction. Imperfect
information distorts individuals’ perception of the expected sanction of the first offense. Once detected, individuals learn
about the sanction applicable to their act, making this argument less relevant for consecutive offenses.
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7.
The primary objective of this study is to examine the effect of prior restructuring charges on analyst forecast revisions
and accuracy. We find evidence that analysts respond differently to first-time restructuring firms than to repeat restructuring
firms. Analysts revise their forecasts of both one-year-ahead earnings and five-year long-term growth in earnings more negatively
for first-time restructuring firms than for firms with prior charges. When we examine forecast errors in the year subsequent
to the restructuring, we find that current charges complicate analysts’ earnings forecast task. We further find that the decline
in analyst forecast accuracy is mitigated by prior charges within past two years. 相似文献
8.
研究目标:目前有关中国土地价格指数的研究没有考虑不可观测特征的影响,本文给出一种可以控制不可观测特征的土地价格指数编制方法。[HTH]研究方法:通过结合传统的特征价格模型和重复交易模型,提出固定地理单元并利用组内差分以控制地块不可观测特征,提出了一种新的土地价格指数编制方法。[HTH]研究发现:[HTF][STBZ][WTBZ]以上海为例讨论了分类土地价格指数,研究发现从2008~2015年,上海同质住宅用地价格上升了359.92%,同质工业用地和商服用地价格的涨幅分别为101%和107%。[HTH]研究创新:利用网络爬虫技术收集微观土地交易数据,为指数的编制提供了数据基础。[HTH]研究价值:该方法能够捕捉地块所在的特殊位置对于其价格的影响。 相似文献
9.
The contagion effect of foreclosed properties 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Although previous research shows that prices of homes in neighborhoods with foreclosures are lower than those in neighborhoods without foreclosures, it remains unclear whether the lower prices are the result of a general decline in neighborhood values or whether foreclosures reduce the prices of nearby non-distressed sales through a contagion effect. We provide robust evidence of a contagion discount by simultaneously estimating the local price trend and the incremental price impact of nearby foreclosures. At its peak, the discount is roughly 1% per nearby foreclosed property. The discount diminishes rapidly as the distance to the distressed property increases. The contagion discount grows from the onset of distress through the foreclosure sale and then stabilizes. This pattern is consistent with the contagion effect being the visual externality associated with deferred maintenance and neglect. 相似文献
10.
It is widely recognized that options and futures markets for housing can reduce and manage the risks inherent in consumers’
large investments in housing equity. The integrity of such markets depends, however, upon the use of transparent and replicable
benchmarks for house prices and settlement values. In the USA, a series of state and metropolitan indexes have been produced
by a government agency (the US Office of Housing Enterprise Oversight, OFHEO), and they have been widely disseminated for
over a decade. By construction, the entire historical path of each of these indexes is, in principle, subject to revision
quarterly, that is, every time the index is recalculated and data are published. This paper provides the first analysis of
the magnitude and bias of these revisions, and it analyzes their systematic effects on the settlement prices in housing options
markets. The paper considers the implications of these magnitudes for the development of risk-reducing futures markets.
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John M. QuigleyEmail: |