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1.
Working with local level actors to enable country ownership is applauded within the multilateral climate finance landscape. However, are emerging adaptation interventions equitable by reflecting the priorities of local level vulnerable populations? This research sought to find out whether the engagement of local institutions in projects that seek to achieve country ownership enabled local level vulnerable groups to participate in and influence adaptation decision-making processes and outcomes, thereby enabling them to have a voice in local level adaptation. It used a case study of a Global Environmental Facility-managed coastal adaptation project in Tanzania, which sought to restore and protect mangroves to enable adaptation to sea level rise. Data was generated from 13 Focus Group Discussions and survey questionnaires administered to 629 individuals in three locations on the mainland of Tanzania and in Zanzibar. The findings indicate that community-based organizations were used to facilitate the implementation of project activities at the community level. However, participation spaces created in the project and facilitated by these local institutions were exclusionary and failed to enable vulnerable community groups to have a voice on mangrove restoration and protection. Use of these local institutions altered local level power relations and disempowered other pre-existing and (in)formal local resource management institutions. Community members questioned legitimacy of actions implemented by these local institutions. These findings suggest that working with local level stakeholders to generate country ownership does not automatically guarantee that actions will address the needs of local vulnerable groups. Multilateral climate finance institutions should acknowledge these risks and implement measures to address them.  相似文献   
2.
This paper explores an unusual community-supported agriculture pilot project in London, concentrating on the contribution of ICTs in its development and impact. The paper contextualises the project within wider waves of local food activism and reflects on the relevance of using ICTs to increase awareness and community participation in the production and consumption of locally-grown food. The results are also analysed in light of the author's parallel research on the use of ICT for agricultural development, or “e-agriculture”, in Kenya. The paper contributes to ongoing debates on ICTs and agricultural development, by highlighting community-building and the emergence of new voices and conversations as key roles played by ICTs, contributing to the development of more participatory, resilient and locally-centred food systems. The results of the pilot however also acknowledge the essential role played by activities in real life in building communal food growing practices, which can be enhanced but not substituted by online communities.  相似文献   
3.
员工谏言不仅具有建设性,而且具有挑战性和结果的不确定性,使得领导者可能纳谏也可能拒谏。然而,现有研究主要关注员工谏言与领导纳谏,却忽略了领导拒谏。本研究在回顾员工谏言及相关研究的基础上发现,领导者会对员工谏言进行建设性评估和威胁性评估,具有建设性和防御性两种行为目的。基于此,首先,从领导者的双元行为目的出发探讨了领导拒谏的概念与维度,依据发展视角、人际视角和防御视角将领导拒谏划分为:指导员工驱动的拒谏、维持关系驱动的拒谏、保证权威驱动的拒谏。其次,分析了领导拒谏的形成机理,从谏言内容、谏言员工和谏言行为三方面考察领导者对员工谏言的认知评估过程,详细讨论了组织距离如何通过领导注意间接影响领导拒谏,并探讨了权力距离在领导注意与领导拒谏之间所具有的调节作用。本研究有助于推动领导拒谏的理论构建,拓展认知评估理论的应用,而且能为组织管理实践给予一定的参考与借鉴。  相似文献   
4.
Voice assistants—or voice-enabled artificial intelligence—have changed the way people interact with their surroundings dramatically. Utilizing an enactive view of social cognition theory, this study demonstrates how voice assistants can act as [semi] autonomous agents to hold instantaneous social interactions with consumers. This research employed two experimental studies. Study 1 used two voice assistant mobile applications, Microsoft Cortana and Google Assistant, and Study 2 used Amazon Alexa and Microsoft Cortana. The contributions this paper makes are two-fold. First, the results illustrate how perceived auditory sense drives perceived auditory control through auditory social interactions with a voice assistant that lead to brand affect and consumers’ trust in the voice assistant. Second, results shed light on the role of surprise as a repelling drive that attenuates the effect of perceived auditory control on brand affect.  相似文献   
5.
基于工作特征模型理论和自我决定理论,考察了中国组织情境下工作自主性对员工建言行为的影响,检验了员工归属感的中介作用与领导正直度的调节作用。对收集到的224份有效样本进行了层次回归分析,研究结果表明:①工作自主性与员工建言行为显著正相关;②员工归属感在工作自主性与员工建言之间的关系中起完全中介作用;③领导正直度对工作自主性与员工归属感和员工建言之间的关系有显著的弱化效应,并且员工归属感完全中介工作自主性与领导正直度间交互作用对员工建言行为的影响。  相似文献   
6.
This paper studies the targeting outcomes of a self-targeted rice subsidy program in the Philippines. We find modest within-community targeting outcomes, but weak between-community targeting. This appears to be because, controlling for the direct influence of household characteristics, participation was lower in poorer communities. These inter-community differentials are strongly correlated with several proxies for citizen “voice”, including education, income, and access to other public services. This suggests that self-targeting outcomes are not simply a function of the good selected for subsidy, but are also influenced by variations in communities’ access to usable services; that these variations favor richer communities; and that efforts to enhance consumer voice in disenfranchised communities would facilitate targeting improvements.  相似文献   
7.
组织内以激励为目的的积分其性质是具有少量交换价值的激励性媒介。员工根据自己的积分数量并基于组织积分奖励计划和兑换规则获得少量的物质和非物质回报。采用积分的目的是促使员工广泛参与组织的生产、技术和管理过程,提高组织运营效率。本文首先提出积分媒介对员工角色内绩效和角色外绩效影响的基本假设,并以上海三家工厂122名的员工为样本为研究对象,通过主管对这些员工实施积分一段时间前后的角色内和角色外绩效的对比评价检验了上述假设。结果表明,施以积分媒介能有效提升员工的任务绩效以及利他、责任担当和建言水平。  相似文献   
8.
9.
本文阐述了DDS的基本原理,语音信号的采样,如何用DDS实现调频,并提供了试验结果。  相似文献   
10.
车站列车进路语音提示与报警系统   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
车站办理列车进路时,由于微机监测系统无法将某些影响因素考虑到进路安排中,人工考虑难以避免错漏情况。为此基于SST89单片机和ISD4003语音芯片技术,研制了列车进路办理语音提示与报警系统,采用隔离的RS422接口与TDCS通信,自动从列车调度指挥系统获得拟定进路信息,对进路上的各区段进行核查,并以屏幕提示和语音报警的形式提醒调度人员注意确认,从而提高车站列车进路办理的安全性。  相似文献   
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