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1.
高原 《开放时代》2020,(1):63-77,M0004,M0005
笔者从社会科学方法论中的形式主义与实质主义之争这一古老论题出发,阐明了经济学中的形式主义思想在最近半个世纪的发展是建立细节完全刻画的"全模型",并指出其背后的理念不在于建立普遍规律,而在于形成可以用以启发人们理解经验世界的辅助性认知手段。在澄清全模型方法认识论价值的同时,本文也指出其应用重点不在于形成理想化与意识形态化的叙事,而在于针对局域的经验事实,建立具有确定经验限定意涵的模型化推论,以阐明经验事实背后不易被单纯质性研究阐发的机制。当代经济学方法论显示的这一发展,可以被称为"形式主义经济学的实质主义化",对这一趋势的把握有助于揭示主流经济学独特的认识论价值。  相似文献   
2.
Market structure and individual rationality remain at the centre of a debate as to which is the main driving force in market performance. We examine the role of individual rationality, comparing zero‐intelligence traders with traders with different levels of intelligence using a special adaptive form of strongly typed genetic programming‐based learning algorithm. We use this approach with real data: historical quotes of the S&P 500 and Coca‐Cola stock prices. We find a mixture of positive and negative impacts from intelligence on market performance. Because the concept of market structure as a driving force has been significantly challenged in the literature, we suggest that the inclusion of both intelligence and market structures is important when examining the driving forces of market performance. This inclusion is consistent with the research of Todd and Gigerenzer (Journal of Economic Psychology, 24 (2003) 143–165), which asserts that both environment (market structure) and agents’ cognition play important roles. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
3.
By incorporating behavioural sentiment in a model of a limit order market, we show that behavioural sentiment not only helps to replicate most of the stylized facts in limit order markets simultaneously, but it also plays a unique role in explaining those stylized facts that cannot be explained by noise trading, such as fat tails in the return distribution, long memory in the trading volume, an increasing and non-linear relationship between trade imbalance and mid-price returns, as well as the diagonal effect, or event clustering, in order submission types. The results show that behavioural sentiment is an important driving force behind many of the well-documented stylized facts in limit order markets.  相似文献   
4.
中国改革开放以来的经济奇迹震撼了世界,其根本原因在于:中国不相信任何教条,从国情出发走出了一条适合自己的现代化道路——中国特色社会主义道路.中国特色社会主义制度是中国奇迹的根本保障.新中国前30年的经济建设成就则为后来的经济起飞奠定了雄厚的物质基础.  相似文献   
5.
建国初,我国的农业社会主义改造是党在实事求是思想路线指导下进行的一场深刻的社会变革。本文将通过论述农业社会主义改造来展现实事求是重要思想的方法论作用。  相似文献   
6.
通过对改革开放30年的历史回顾与总结,阐述了改革开放是新中国经济发展的必然选择,提出科学发展观是作为马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现,是对我国改革开放30年发展历程做出科学总结的产物,科学发展是中国改革开放未来的必由之路.  相似文献   
7.
We elaborate some complex stylized facts related to the Mexican economy. The analyzed period runs from 1960 to 2013 with selected subperiods. Our main findings are: 1) there are involuntary idle capacities in the manufacturing industries; 2) the growth of the Mexican economy is not balanced but unbalanced; 3) there is an inflation-free environment. This fact is consistent with the previous ones; 4) there is a mixed of efficient and inefficient sequences of investment; 5) the stimulus of manufacturing exports on macroeconomic performance has been offset by its imports; 6) the deficits in manufacturing balance and in the current account have been financed without difficulty. Of course, this financing capacity constitutes a second best condition; 7) according to a backward linkages analysis, the towing capacity of manufacturing sector over the Mexican economy would be a larger one if the manufacturing imports penetration had not been so intense since the trade liberalization; and 8) the size of the positive effect of the manufacturing sector on the economy and on the non-manufacturing sectors diminished since the early eighties. Our complex stylized facts highlight the need for an upgrading of the current economic policies.  相似文献   
8.
This study empirically examines the business cycle behaviour of public consumption and its main components, the public wage bill (including its breakdown into compensation per employee and public employment) and intermediate consumption, in the euro area aggregate, euro area countries and a group of selected non-euro area Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries (Denmark, Sweden, the UK, Japan and the US). It looks across a large number of variables and methods, using annual data from 1960 to 2005. It finds robust evidence supporting that public consumption, wages and employment co-move with the business cycle in a pro-cyclical manner with 1–2 year lags, notably for the euro area aggregate and euro area countries. The findings reflect mainly the correlation between cyclical developments, but also point to an important role of pro-cyclical discretionary fiscal policies.  相似文献   
9.
陈云同志在领导我国革命和建设事业的过程中提出的不唯上,不唯书,只唯实,交换,比较,反复的思想,不仅是反对各种左和右错误倾向的思想武器,是解决我们面对的各种复杂问题的基本原则和有效方法,同时也是对唯物辩证法和马克思主义认识论的创造性运用,是对毛泽东和邓小平一贯倡导的实事求是思想路线的坚持和丰富,对我们正在进行的社会主义现代化建设事业仍有着现实的指导意义。  相似文献   
10.
This paper analyses the stylized facts of business cycles in Norway, by comparing different detrending methods. As the choice of the appropriate data transformation depends on the nature of the underlying dynamic properties of the time series, a set of unit root tests are first applied to the data. The detrended data are analysed, both in the time domain and the frequency domain. The evidence suggests that whereas some variables (e.g. consumption and investment) behave consistently procyclically with GDP, for other variables (e.g. real wage and prices), the business cycle properties vary considerably with the detrending methods used. The results are evaluated from a real business cycle perspective, but overall, there is little evidence to support a (supply driven) real business cycle. Symmetries in business cycles are finally analysed by comparing the business cycles in Norway and selected countries. First version received: April 1997 / Final version received: November 1999  相似文献   
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