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Ubiquitous computing envisions seamless access of mass-scale services over the multitude of contexts that users encounter in their everyday mobility. However, to be successful such computing must simultaneously be designed to provide transparent, integrated, and convenient support in localized use contexts. Thus, the issue of multi-contextuality makes the design of ubiquitous computing services and environments a challenging endeavor. While ubiquitous computing requires attention to the multi-contextuality of people’s mobile device use encompassing spatial, temporal, and social dimensions of mobility, the typical avenue for IS research studies has been the single context (e.g., team, organization, or inter-organizational).This paper reports on a grounded action research study with the objective of developing and testing design principles for handling multi-contextuality in an increasingly important ubiquitous computing environment – the car. Already supporting people’s everyday mobility and promising to provide ubiquitous availability of computing and communication infrastructure, the car is indeed a relevant setting for investigating the co-existence of different use contexts in ubiquitous computing. Contributing to the early stage of the ubiquitous computing research tradition, this paper not only empirically demonstrates that the car as a ubiquitous computing environment can improve the convenience of people’s everyday mobile device use by providing multi-contextual support. The paper also suggests our design principles and their associated socio-technical implications to be valid for other ubiquitous computing environments. Indeed, synchronizing fluid use patterns, scaling service manipulation, and signaling context-switches through awareness support lie at the heart of weaving ubiquitous computing environments conveniently into the fabric of people’s everyday mobility.  相似文献   
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The positive impact of air transport liberalisation as suggested by economic theories and empirical studies has inspired many developing countries like Nigeria to liberalise some of its Air Service Agreements (ASAs). This paper seeks to examine the extent to which international air service liberalisation has impacted upon Nigeria ten years after it was introduced. The research developed a cross-sectional model with passenger traffic as the dependent variable, while macroeconomic factors (trade and GDP), historical links, distance and ASAs (a proxy for liberalisation) served as independent or predictor variables. The analysis revealed a set of ASA stages in the country's policy-making process (restricted Bilateral Air Service Agreement, Open Skies Agreement and Yamoussoukro Declaration). Further analysis showed that the predictor variables were all significant in explaining passenger demand. The model demonstrated that the liberalisation of market access to the Open Skies Agreement level could stimulate traffic growth by at least 65 percent. The findings can assist in guiding policy and industry stakeholders in future decisions relating to liberalisation and ASAs.  相似文献   
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Theoretical analyses of (optimal) performance measures are typically performed within the realm of the linear agency model. This model implies that, for a given compensation scheme, the agent’s optimal effort is unrelated to the amount of noise in the performance measure. In contrast, expectancy theory as developed by psychologists predicts lower effort levels for noisier performance measures. We conduct a real effort laboratory experiment and find that effort levels are invariant to changes in the distribution of the noise term. This suggests that enriching the economic model commonly applied within this area by including an expectancy parameter is not needed.  相似文献   
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In vertical product differentiation with a stochastic research technology, firms should target their research at different quality levels for efficiency. In a natural monopoly where the top firm finds it most profitable to sell to the whole market, the incentives for risk-taking and for firms to differentiate their targeted qualities are optimal. In a natural oligopoly (which results when there is sufficient dispersion of tastes), the relationship between a firm’s payoff and its quality improvement over other firms is weakened. This diminishes the firms’ incentives to differentiate and the targeted qualities are too low and too close together.  相似文献   
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《Economics Letters》1987,23(2):135-138
The paper demonstrates that international trade among fluctuating economies may involve the occurrence of a strange attractor and hence of chaos. Once autonomous economies display cyclical behavior, international trade activities can be considered as a perturbation of the motion of the autonomous economies, possible implying chaos via a theorem by Newhouse, Ruelle and Takens (1979).  相似文献   
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文章利用长三角地区上海市、江苏省以及浙江省的经济增长数据,构建多元虚拟变量分布滞后模型对国家长三角地区的区域发展规划效果进行评价。研究结果表明国家长三角区域发展规划政策出台后,不同政策变量对三地市的经济增长的影响存在差别,其中中央补助收入在上海和江苏的经济增长弹性显著提高,但是中央补助收入对浙江省的经济增长促进作用有所下降,同时中央转移支付与税收返还政策效果存在时滞。最后提出了结构上调整国家区域发展规划政策等对策建议。  相似文献   
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介绍了醇基涂料的应用和研究现状,简述了消失模醇基涂料、V法醇基涂料、湿型砂醇基涂料、醇基流涂涂料以及厚大铸钢件醇基涂料的相关研究及应用效果,分析了醇基涂料的主要性能,如悬浮性、抗粘砂性等的研究成果,以及醇基涂料的性能要求和发展趋势,指出耐火骨料的粒度、级配和悬浮剂的选用对改善涂料悬浮性有重要作用,纳米复合悬浮剂、改性悬浮剂的使用使涂料悬浮性得到显著提高;不同粒度组合的耐火骨料和助熔剂的加入能改善涂料的抗粘砂性能,而转移涂料、醇基粉状涂料是未来醇基涂料的发展趋势,得出应研发具有水与醇兼溶的特殊悬浮剂和黏结剂来进一步提高涂料的悬浮性以及研制出强度高、抗开裂的高强涂料来提高涂料的抗粘砂性能。  相似文献   
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