Earnings management and abnormal returns: Evidence from the 1970–1972 Price Control Regulations

We examine the association between abnormal returns and earnings management in the context of price control regulations to test the construct validity of the earnings management model. Abnormal returns are used as a market–based measure, and discretionary accruals are employed to measure earnings management. Our results support the hypotheses that (1) price control regulations affect firms' security prices negatively, (2) firms make income–decreasing discretionary accruals to increase the likelihood of price increase approval, and (3) firms that are affected most negatively by the regulations manage earnings more aggressively. We conclude that the earnings management model we use in this study is capable of predicting opportunistic discretionary accruals.     

工业控制机的特点及在机电一体化中的应用

工业控制机是应用于工业领域自动控制的一类计算机，在机电一体化系统中有着重要作用。本文介绍了不同形式的工业控制机的特点及应用     

内部控制缺陷披露对资本成本的影响研究——基于沪深两市A股的经验数据

文章选取我国A股上市公司2011--2012年披露的年报及相关信息为样本数据,建立多元回归分析模型分别对沪深两市178家样本上市公司2012年的权益资本成本和债务资本成本进行检验。研究结果显示：披露内部控制缺陷的样本公司存在较高的资本成本,缺陷的披露与权益资本成本和债务资本成本呈现显著正相关,权益资本成本对缺陷信息的披露敏感度更高。对控制变量回归分析,发现股权投资者更有动力积极获取公司经营管理信息,而债权投资者更关注财务指标信息。总体来看,我国资本市场对内部控制缺陷信息的披露作出了较为稳定的资本成本定价,内部控制缺陷的披露对资本市场来说具有重要价值。     

“国外引进”还是“自主发展”？——对我国政府信息系统审计发展途径的探讨

对于我国政府信息系统审计发展途径这个问题,学界一直有着不同的看法,其中存在＂国外引进＂与＂自主发展＂两种典型的观点。事实上,单纯依靠＂国外引进＂是行不通的,＂自主发展＂虽然还存在很多问题,但却是最终发展的方向。因此当前除了对国外理论进行消化外,研究者和审计人员还需要不断探索、试错和创新,逐步形成适合我国现状的政府信息系统审计体系。     

物料配比中的微机控制系统

介绍了由微机、ＡＤＣ芯片、Ｉ／Ｏ芯片及其他辅助芯片来实现颗粒物料配比的一种方法。     

浅谈双壁波纹管排水管道工程的质量控制要点

文章从排水管道工程施工的整个流程,包括管材、装运、测量放线、沟槽开挖、管道基础、安管、接口、检查井闭水试验、回填土等质量控制步骤,对排水管道工程施工中常见的一些质量问题进行了分析,并有针对性地提出了相应的质量控制措施。     

Implementing technology-forcing policies: The 1970 Clean Air Act Amendments and the introduction of advanced automotive emissions controls in the United States

Technology forcing is a strategy where a regulator specifies a standard that cannot be met with existing technology, or at least not at an acceptable cost. Using the 1970 U.S. Clean Air Act for controlling automobile emissions as a baseline example, we demonstrate the importance of the regulatory implementation process if regulations are to foster technological change. The 1970 legislation required steep emissions reductions for new 1975 and 1976 automobiles, which presented automakers with major technical and economic challenges. Nevertheless, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency successfully forced the adoption of two marquee control technologies—the catalytic converter in 1975 and the three-way catalyst in 1981. We focus on three factors critical to the implementation process: agency credibility to enforce standards, competitive pressures to drive industry research and development, and uncertainty about technological development.     

Which Firms are More Sensitive to Public Disclosure Schemes for Pollution Control? Evidence from Indonesia’s PROPER Program

This paper analyzes differences in firms’ responsiveness to PROPER, Indonesia’s public disclosure program for industrial pollution control. The overall effectiveness of this program at achieving emissions reductions and its low regulatory costs have earned it a good reputation around the world. PROPER had no deterrents or incentives other than those that arose indirectly from publicly disclosing information about the environmental performances of firms. We analyzed plant-level data to relate short- and longer-term environmental responses to facility characteristics. The results revealed that foreign-owned firms were consistently more likely to respond to the environmental rating scheme, compared to private domestic firms. This is a clear and important insight with consequences for a number of issues, such as understanding the pollution haven debate. Also, firms located in densely populated regions, particularly in Java, responded more positively to the public disclosure of PROPER ratings. The main observed effect was however given by the initial level of environmental performance of firms. Those firms that had bad environmental performance records felt pressure to improve, but if the initial abatement steps had already been taken, the incentives to improve further appeared to diminish.     

内部审计定位及内部控制之研究

内部审计是单位内部的一种独立客观的监督和评价活动,是我国社会主义审计监督体系的重要组成部分。但是,在实际工作中,对内部审计的定位和内容有着不同的理解。本文针对内部审计如何定位,内部审计包括的内容提出一些看法,并结合会计电算化制度下的内部审计控制提出若干建议。