Examining artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in marketing via a global lens: Current trends and future research opportunities

Artificial intelligence (AI) has captured substantial interest from a wide array of marketing scholars in recent years. Our research contributes to this emerging domain by examining AI technologies in marketing via a global lens. Specifically, our lens focuses on three levels of analysis: country, company, and consumer. Our country-level analysis emphasizes the heterogeneity in economic inequality across countries due to the considerable economic resources necessary for AI adoption. Our company-level analysis focuses on glocalization because while the hardware that underlies these technologies may be global in nature, their application necessitates adaptation to local cultures. Our consumer-level analysis examines consumer ethics and privacy concerns, as AI technologies often collect, store and process a cornucopia of personal data across our globe. Through the prism of these three lenses, we focus on two important dimensions of AI technologies in marketing: (1) human–machine interaction and (2) automated analysis of text, audio, images, and video. We then explore the interaction between these two key dimensions of AI across our three-part global lens to develop a set of research questions for future marketing scholarship in this increasingly important domain.     

战术面向服务架构概念及相关技术

战术面向服务架构（TSOA）是实现战术云平台服务基础设施的重要支撑概念。由于战术环境的复杂性，目前对TSOA实施过程中面临问题和相关实现技术的总结还较少。为此，开展了针对TSOA的概念以及相关技术的研究。首先，从战术环境下的TSOA架构需求背景出发，介绍了TSOA架构的组成以及适应性特征；然后，通过分析战术环境下设备和网络等多方面存在的限制性因素，明确实施TSOA架构所面临的挑战以及需要解决的关键问题，并对实现过程中涉及的服务发现、消息传输机制、网络状态自适应等相关技术进行归纳；最后，对国内外的相关研究工作进行总结，期望对推动TSOA架构的具体实施提供一定参考。     

Place attachment,host–tourist interactions,and residents’ attitudes towards tourism development: the case of Boa Vista Island in Cape Verde

A clear understanding of residents’ attitudes towards tourism development and its determinants is a crucial pillar for designing tourism development strategies to promote sustainable development. The literature on the influence of host–tourist interactions and place attachment on residents’ attitudes towards tourism development in developing countries is still scarce. To extend knowledge in this field, this study aims at developing and testing a structural model to examine direct and indirect causal effects of place attachment, host–tourist interaction, and perceived positive and negative tourism impacts on the residents’ attitudes towards tourism development in an island tourism destination – Boa Vista Island in Cape Verde. Results suggest that the residents’ attitudes are positively affected by place attachment, host–tourist interaction, and perceived positive impacts; and negatively affected by perceived negative impacts. Host–tourist interaction emerges as the strongest (direct and indirect) determinant of the residents’ attitudes towards tourism development. Moreover, although both positive and negative perceptions of tourism impacts have significant impacts on the residents’ attitudes, the influence of the former is stronger than that of the latter. The paper ends with relevant theoretical and practical implications to promote positive residents’ attitudes towards tourism development in Boa Vista.     

新时代耕地占补平衡的逻辑根源、模式探索与管理创新——基于“新时代耕地占补平衡方式改进与管理创新研讨会”的思考

研究目的:对耕地占补平衡的发展阶段与政策绩效、存在问题与逻辑根源进行分析,对改进方式进行探讨,进而提出管理创新建议,为新时代耕地占补平衡政策实施提供科学依据,为促进城乡融合、扶贫攻坚和乡村振兴提供参考。研究方法:综合分析与系统推理。研究结果:(1)耕地占补平衡存在实质性不平衡、时空性不平衡、政策性弱化等微观、中观及宏观层面问题;(2)在数量方面,通过盘活宅基地增量、存量和完善易地调剂方式,统筹城乡和区域平衡来实现数量占补平衡。(3)在质量方面,通过优化建设用地约束指标、完善耕地质量评价、规范耕作层保护与再利用等促进耕地质量占补平衡。(4)在生态方面,通过完善指标调剂的价格内涵、扩大耕地补偿标准范围、转变耕地补充途径等实现耕地生态占补平衡。研究结论:建议做好顶层设计,抓好规划引领,构建耕地占补平衡与城乡要素流动的平衡机制,建立耕地占补平衡后续生态管护长效机制,提升软硬实力等。     

Impacts of peer-to-peer accommodation on the hotel industry: Hoteliers’ perspectives

The sharing economy is a new phenomenon that has considerable implications for traditional industries in general and the hospitality sector in particular. Although some recent studies have investigated the effects of sharing economy on the hotel industry, they primarily focused on quantifying its effects which are not exploratory for a phenomenon. This study attempts to achieve two research objectives. First, an exploratory qualitative method via a semi-structured in-depth interview is employed to investigate the impacts of P2P accommodation on the industry from hoteliers’ perspectives in China. Second, the current study provides valuable insights about traditional hotel marketing and operations. A social science perspective is proposed because prior hospitality research, merely in its commercial sense, fails to capture the essence of hospitality. Results indicate that P2P accommodation has effects on the hotel industry in terms of host–guest interactions, product offerings, staff empowerment, and platform collaboration. The study also suggests that the extent to which P2P accommodation impacts the hotel industry is different in terms of hotel star ratings and operating model. P2P accommodation and the hotel industry in China have a supplementary relationship. This study contributes to social studies of the hospitality literature by gaining insights from hotel senior management level. It also has great implications for the hotel marketing and management practices within the sharing context.     

A neural network based price sensitive recommender model to predict customer choices based on price effect

The impact of price and price changes should not be ignored while designing algorithms for predicting customer choice. Consumer preferences should be modeled with consideration of price effects. Businesses need to consider for efficient prediction of an individual's purchase behaviour. Personalized recommendation systems have been studied with machine learning algorithms. However, the price-aware personalized recommendation has received little attention. In this paper, we attempt to capture insightful economic results considered in the marketing and economics disciplines by employing modern machine learning architecture for predicting customer choice in a large-scale supermarket context. We extract personalized price sensitivities and examine their importance in consumer behaviour. The employed data collected from a supermarket chain in Germany consists of implicit feedback based on customer-product interactions and the price of every interaction. We propose a two-pathway matrix factorization (2way-MF) model that is price-aware and tries to memorize customer-product interaction's implicit feedback. The proposed models achieve better model performance than standard Matrix Factorization models widely used in the industry. The approach was re-validated with data from supermarket chain in Taiwan. Other industries can adopt the proposed framework of modeling customer's preferences based on price sensitivity. We suggest that further research and analyses could help understand the cross-price elasticities.     

The influence of customer-to-customer interactions on elderly consumers’ satisfaction and social well-being

This study highlights the valuable role the hospitality industry can play in addressing a societal problem by studying how social interactions between elderly consumers and other customers influence the satisfaction and social well-being of the former. The data were collected from 268 elderly consumers in local coffee shops in the United Kingdom using a self-administrated questionnaire. The findings reveal that elderly customers’ interactions with other customers have a direct effect both on customer satisfaction and social well-being. They also show that social interactions with other customers have both direct and indirect effects on the social well-being of elderly customers. The study provides good evidence for how commercial hospitality settings can serve as a space for social exchange that helps to alleviate social isolation.     

大尺寸机载智能多功能显示器的设计与实现

分析了座舱显示系统发展现状和面临的问题，设计并实现了一种一体化、大屏幕显示的智能化多功能显示器。该型显示器通过FC-AE-ASM（Fibre Channel-Avionics Environment-Anonymous Subscriber Message）网络和高速串行总线高效传输图形数据，解决了图形处理及传输的瓶颈问题；采用ARINC661（座舱显示系统与用户系统的接口）标准，规范了任务处理和显示处理的接口设计标准；支持红外触控以提高人机信息的交互效率；采用工程优化设计以提高显示器抗恶劣环境的能力。应用表明智能多功能显示器运行可靠，相对于传统飞行显示器，在显示处理、数据传输和人机功效等方面具有显著优势。     

参与产学研合作对科研人员国际和国内论文发表的影响——区域边界和院校层次的调节作用

当前文献对参与产学研互动是否会正向或负向影响科研人员的学术绩效尚未形成一致结论。本文搜集参加广东省企业科技特派员计划的共3 524名科研人员的相关数据,考察参与学企人员流动形式的产学研互动对其学术绩效的影响,包括对国际和国内论文发表的影响。研究发现,参与学企人员流动对学术绩效既有正向促进作用,也有负向削弱效应。结果表明,参与计划对特派员国际论文发表的促进作用大于国内论文。参与后,特派员国际论文发表的增长速率有显著增加,而国内论文发表的增长速率却明显减低。且高层次院校科研人员参与学企人员流动比一般院校人员获得更高的国际论文产出。本地科研人员参与学企人员流动能够比区域外人员获得更高的国际论文产出。研究结论对平衡科研人员学术研究和创新成果转化活动的政府产学研政策、学研机构行政机制和企业管理策略都具有重要参考价值。     

Social capital,user motivation,and collaborative consumption of online platform services

Collaborative consumption is broadly defined as sharing, obtaining, and giving access to products and services through peer networks online. As it is expected to resolve the societal and environmental problems, quite a few studies investigated consumers’ motivations that lead to positive attitudes and intention for collaborative consumption. This paper aims to study the determinants that motivate participants to perceive a positive attitude towards collaborative consumption focusing on three salient traits of social capital (shared goal, social interaction tie, and norms of reciprocity). The study found that social capital exerts a more substantial influence on intrinsic motivation (enjoyment and sustainability) than extrinsic motivation (economic benefit). The study also found that different social capital traits display different effects on motivation. In particular, the shared goal was a key determinant of both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. And all three motivations positively affect collaborative consumption attitudes.