西餐牛肉类初加工与食品安全控制分析

牛肉是西餐主要的食材之一。本文通过对牛肉的初加工技术进行分析,探究对西餐牛肉类进行食品安全控制的措施,以提高牛肉类产品的整体质量,使西餐牛肉类产品能够达到我国食品安全的标准。     

当前基层公共卫生机构应急管理若干问题的思考

面对新冠肺炎疫情,基层公共卫生机构发挥了十分重要的作用,但同时暴露出了一些不足。论文总结了我国基层公共卫生机构应急管理存在的问题,提出从四个方面着力完善基层公共卫生应急管理制度体系,同时,要加强对信息系统的应用及人才的培养和引进,以提升基层卫生应急机制的敏感性、反应性。     

基于Stacking模型融合的店铺销量预测

为了实现企业产品销量预估,提高生产供应的准确性与效率,提出了基于Stacking模型的融合算法进行销量预测。算法设计了两层堆叠的模型结构,初级学习器采用随机森林、支持向量回归、差分整合移动平均自回归、轻量级梯度提升机器和门控循环单元5种单模型,将分类与回归树作为次级学习器构成Stacking融合模型,并对数据进行了预测。预测结果显示,使用Stacking模型融合后得到了较好的预测结果,比单模型中效果最好的模型的均方根误差更小,平均绝对误差更小,决定系数值更大,表明Stacking融合模型的预测准确率更高。所设计模型可用于对企业店铺的产品销量进行预测,帮助企业更好地安排生产、营销活动,为减少库存、缩短生产销售周期提供数据支持,对企业生产决策有一定的参考价值。     

地方政府土地财政依赖一定会推高城市一级土地市场化水平吗? ——基于2003—2015年中国省级面板数据的检验

研究目的：在深入分析地方政府土地财政依赖对城市一级土地市场作用机理的基础上，利用2003—2015年中国31个省（市、区）（不包括港澳台地区）的面板数据进行计量检验，测定地方政府土地财政依赖度对城市一级土地市场化率的影响程度。研究方法：计量经济分析方法。研究结果：为弥补地方政府土地财政缺口的刚性需求，地方政府领导人会权变地选择一级土地市场上各类用地的出让方式和出让量。土地财政依赖度与城市一级土地市场化率之间存在倒U型关系。研究结论：当土地财政依赖度与一级土地市场化率均较低时，地方政府会在一级土地市场上出让土地时适当增加“招拍挂”的比例，从而在提高土地财政依赖度的同时提升一级土地市场化率；当土地财政依赖度较高但一级土地市场化率较低时，地方政府会增加一级土地市场上“招拍挂”的比例，在降低土地财政依赖程度的同时提升一级土地市场化率。     

基于AHP-SWOT模型的高标准基本农田建设发展策略研究——以沈阳市为例

"十分珍惜和合理利用每一寸土地"是我国的基本国策,中国作为一个农业大国,粮食安全至关重要,而高标准基本农田建设作为保证我国粮食安全的一项重要举措,意义尤为重大。在此背景下,文章将层次分析法应用于SWOT分析中,建立AHP-SWOT模型,并以沈阳市为例,分别从优势、劣势、机会和威胁4个方面分析了沈阳市高标准基本农田建设的发展现状,通过权重计算,比较各方面优先次序,从而进行未来的战略模式选择,因地制宜地为未来沈阳市未来高标准基本农田建设的发展决策提供理论指导。研究表明:沈阳市高标准基本农田建设的发展现状中,4个方面的优先权重排序为威胁(T)劣势(W)机会(O)优势(S)。故沈阳市未来高标准农田建设战略决策应以W-T模式,即克服劣势、应对威胁模式为主,归纳为3个方面,具体包括:政府组织多部门联动,统筹规划,协调管理;完善管理办法,针对重要环节出台专门规程;三管齐下,制定优奖劣罚的考核机制。     

探析横管式煤气初冷器阻力大的原因及应对措施

在焦化行业内,炼焦过程必将产生大量焦炉荒煤气,采用煤气鼓风对焦炉荒煤气进行处理就成为工作重点,不仅能够促进环境的改善,还可以回收荒煤气中大量的化工原材料,并带来较大的经济效益。但在焦化厂实际生产中,横管式煤气初冷器常常因阻力过高发生故障,对煤气鼓风机的正常运作形成干扰,造成装置沉积物阻塞与环境污染等问题。论文以湖北中平鄂钢联合焦化有限责任公司的横管式煤气初冷器为实例,简要分析阻力增大的原因及应对措施。     

卷烟企业制丝线管控目标分析与设计

文章基于制丝线管理目标需求进行系统目标分析,分解系统结构并且进行优化设计,旨在改善制丝线管控目标控制效果,提高生产效能。     

Employment and absenteeism in working-age persons with multiple sclerosis

Aims: To better understand the impact of the clinical course of multiple sclerosis (MS) and disability on employment, absenteeism, and related factors.

Materials and methods: This study included respondents to the North American Research Committee on Multiple Sclerosis Registry spring 2015 update survey who were US or Canadian residents, aged 18–65 years and reported having relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS), or primary progressive MS (PPMS). The RRMS and SPMS participants were combined to form the relapsing-onset MS (RMS) group and compared with the PPMS group regarding employment status, absenteeism, and disability. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between employment-related outcomes and factors that may affect these relationships.

Results: Of the 8004 survey respondents, 5887 (73.6%) were 18–65 years of age. The PPMS group (n?=?344) had a higher proportion of males and older mean age at the time of the survey and at time of diagnosis than the RMS group (n?=?4829). Female sex, age, age at diagnosis, cognitive and hand function impairment, fatigue, higher disability levels, ≥3 comorbidities, and a diagnosis of PPMS were associated with not working. After adjustment for disability, the employed PPMS sub-group reported similar levels of absenteeism to the employed RMS sub-group.

Limitations: Limitations of the study include self-report of information and the possibility that participants may not fully represent the working-age MS population.

Conclusions: In MS, employment status and absenteeism are negatively affected by disability, cognitive impairment, and fatigue. These findings underscore the need for therapies that prevent disability progression and other symptoms that negatively affect productivity in persons with MS to enable them to persist in the workforce.     

Indigenous Peoples’ Health Care: New approaches to contracting and accountability at the public administration frontier

Abstract

This article analyses reforms to contracting and accountability for indigenous primary health care organizations in Canada, New Zealand, and Australia. The reforms are presented as comparative case studies, the common reform features identified and their implications analysed.

The reforms share important characteristics. Each proceeds from implicit recognition that indigenous organizations are ‘co-principals’ rather than simply agents in their relationship with government funders and regulators. There is a common tendency towards more relational forms of contracting; and tentative attempts to reconceptualize accountability. These ‘frontier’ cases have broad implications for social service contracting.     

Beach safety education for primary school children

Childhood drowning remains a serious public health problem worldwide. The Australian Water Safety Council has set as one of its highest priorities the reduction of drowning deaths in children aged 0–14 years. However, concerns have recently been raised that many students completing primary school still lack the ability to recognize potential aquatic risks, cope with emergencies or assist someone else in danger. In this study, 107 primary school children aged 11–12 completed a one day training programme led by surf lifesaving instructors. Pre, post and eight week follow-up measures showed statistically significant improvements in recognition of the red ‘beach closed’ flag, aquatic safety signs, how to identify a rip current and choosing the safest place to swim at a beach that included a rip current in the picture. Following training students were more willing to provide first aid assistance to family members and friends in an emergency situation. Findings reinforce the value of school-based training that provides a general foundation for aquatic safety, with the caveat that current programmes must be evaluated to ensure their content has a robust prevention focus.