基于逆向工程的玩具汽车内饰部件模具设计与研究

本研究运用逆向工程技术,对玩具汽车内饰的模型进行重建并完成其成型工艺与模具设计。玩具汽车内饰的外形曲面比较复杂,采用逆向工程方法,利用三维扫描仪高效率、高精度地完成了该部件的点云数据采集工作。同时应用Geomagic软件完成玩具汽车内饰的点云数据处理和曲面重构。然后以UG软件完成玩具汽车内饰模型重建并用其Mold Wizard模块完成产品的成型工艺与模具设计。     

对外直接投资逆向技术溢出与全球农业价值链地位提升——基于G20国家的经验研究

中国农业处于全球农业价值链的"微笑曲线"谷底,长期遭受不平等待遇。对农产品出口技术复杂度所作的测算显示,相对于G20国家而言,中国农业在全球农业价值链地位并不高,且与最高国家差距呈现逐渐扩大的趋势。对G20国家农业OFDI数据所作的面板回归表明,农业OFDI存在溢出效应,能够提升母国农业出口贸易品技术含量,且其提升需要"学习过程"。此外,农业FDI对出口贸易品技术含量的影响具有滞后性。据此,研究认为,中国为了实现全球农业价值链地位的攀升,应该进一步鼓励农业企业"走出去";改善农业投资环境,为外商直接投资创造条件;提高对外开放程度,为农业发展提供支持;推动金融体制改革,提高国内金融服务发展程度。     

Government Stakes as an Insurance Policy: Evidence from Seasoned Equity Offerings of Chinese Firms

While privatization has attracted much more attention in the literature, one type of reverse privatization, a privately-controlled firm inviting government ownership as its minority shareholders, is neglected in the literature. Using large-scale census firm data from China, we investigate the determinants of this kind of reverse privatization and its impact on firm performance. We find that (1) the decision of reverse privatization by Chinese private firms is affected by local political risk, firm-level financial characteristics, and industry-level characteristics, (2) the reverse privatization significantly affects the firm’s performance, which is measured in different proxies but the effects are not consistent, and (3) moreover, we find that the benefit of reverse privatization decreases as government ownership increases. Our results suggest that the prevalence of reverse privatization in China is a political outcome, which is affected by the trade-off of political risk and political privilege. Our work suggests that political risk and political considerations are the main driving factors of privatization, or its opposite, reverse privatization. Reverse privatization, to some extent, is a rational choice in some transition economies. Our findings offer clear policy implications to the nationalization phenomenon taking place around the world recently.     

Simulación de la tasa de reciclaje de productos electrónicos Un modelo de dinámica de sistemas para la red de logística inversa

Current trends in the development and innovation of information technologies and shorter life cycles of electronic products have resulted in the generation of large amounts of waste (e-waste) which can potentially cause environmental problems due to the toxicity of some of their components. The e-waste problematic has attracted the attention of governments, companies and consumers that look to identify strategies for the management and proper disposal of e-waste with the goal to protect the environment. This work uses the methodology of system dynamics to simulate how the rate of products returned by individuals and the amount of computers recovered in an open-loop reverse supply chain, varies under different scenarios. The simulated scenarios correspond to the possible combinations of five macro factors: rate of innovation and product life cycle, information available to consumers about e-waste recycling, legislation, e-waste programs structure along with diffusion and publicity efforts. The results of the simulation are relevant to identify over which factors it is convenient to intervene to increase the amount of recycled computers because this amount represents a reduction in the volume of e-waste and an enterprise opportunity to generate earnings from recycling computers.     

企业实施逆向物流的关键因素分析

本文借助"鱼刺图"对企业成功实施逆向物流的关键因素展开分析,在分析的基础上提出了成功实施逆向物流的概率模型,该理论模型为今后研究逆向物流成功实施提供了理论框架。     

基于风险共担的供应链融资渠道研究

伴随着现代物流进入21世纪,供应链的衍生服务项目——融资服务正在逐渐兴起。资金周转的压力造成生产商急需相关的融资服务来缓解资金流上的时间风险。在采购融资、存货融资、保理业务等核心服务的基础上,3PL开始了自己的金融服务。但是由于信息不对称,3PL遇到了逆向选择问题。实现风险共担的延迟策略不仅解决了库存成本过高的问题,也为供应链带来了新的融资模式。     

中小企业所得税优惠政策对技术创新的影响及对策

中小企业技术创新因存在风险、资金和外部性等制约因素而导致供给不足,单靠市场机制并不能增加市场供给,需要借助于税收优惠政策鼓励企业技术创新。但是,我国现行的企业所得税优惠政策存在逆向调节现象,对科技创新的激励效果并不明显,有必要进行相应的政策调整。     

OFDI逆向技术溢出对地区技术创新的影响——基于基础吸收能力的调节作用

利用2002—2012年中国省际面板数据,通过对基于基础吸收能力调节的OFDI逆向技术溢出对以专利授权数量表示的技术创新影响的研究得到如下结论：加入经济发展水平、金融发展水平与基础设施建设水平各个指标的调节变量后,东部、中部和西部地区的OFDI逆向技术溢出效应对技术创新能力均产生了正面效应,但是与R&D经费投入和科研人员数量相比,这一促进效应依然较小;基础吸收能力调节变量的加入正向调节了OFDI逆向技术溢出对技术创新的影响;相对来说,基础吸收能力对西部地区OFDI逆向溢出与创新能力之间关系的调节效应更为重要。     

逆向物流成本收益优化分析

伴随电子商务的兴起以及发展,逆向物流正成为企业获得可持续发展的新方式。近年来,可持续发展理念的贯穿使得逆向物流在学术界和企业界流行起来。本文在分析逆向物流概念的基础上,对逆向物流的成本以及收益进行了分析,并探讨了逆向物流的成本收益优化模型,并以此给出合理的可行性建议。