Trading activities,productivity and markups: Evidence for Spanish manufacturing

This work analyses the firms' internationalisation strategies of importing intermediates and exporting output, and the potential rewards of these activities in terms of total factor productivity (TFP), as a proxy for marginal costs, and markups. It further deepens into the study of the relationship between internationalisation strategies and markups by disentangling whether it operates through affecting firms' marginal costs and/or firms' prices. The panel database employed in this paper is the Spanish Survey on Business Strategies (ESEE) for the period 2006–14. Results in the paper distinguish between SMEs and large firms and indicate that there is high persistence in the performance of these activities and in firms' TFP and markups. For SMEs, we obtain rewards from importing inputs as well as exporting output in terms of TFP and markups. For large firms, we obtain rewards in TFP from the importing activity and rewards in markups from the exporting activity. Finally, we find evidence that the effects of internationalisation strategies on markups are due to both a price channel and a marginal cost channel.     

氨噻肟酸的生产和应用(上)

作为我国市场上紧缺的医药中间体——氨噻肟酸在我国有较大的市场发展空间,本文叙述了国内氨噻肟酸的生产现状、技术情况,并对国内氨噻肟酸的发展提出了建议。     

氨噻肟酸的生产和应用(下)

作为我国市场上紧缺的医药中间体——氨噻肟酸在我国有较大的市场发展空间,本文叙述了国内氨噻肟酸的生产现状、技术情况,并对国内氨噻肟酸的发展提出了建议。     

氟喹诺酮药物中间体合成研究进展

介绍了合成喹诺酮药物-些重要中间体所取得的新进展，这些中间体包括：2，3，4-三氟～4-硝基苯、2，4-二氯-5-氟苯甲酸、4-丁酰氯、2，6-二氯-5-氟烟酰乙酸乙酯、2，4-二氯-5-氟苯乙酮、2，4-二氯氟苯等。另外，对某些合成方法的改进作了较详细叙述，如：2，4-二氯氟苯、2，4-二氯-5-氟苯甲酸等。如其中以1，2，3-三氯苯为起始原料，经硝化、氟化两步反应制得的1，2，3-三氟-硝基苯产品质量分数大于99％，收率达60％。     

要素禀赋、中间产品与技术赶超作用机理

扩展的要素禀赋理论包括要素数量和要素质量两个维度,它们对后发经济收敛的机理是不一样的。借鉴中间品扩张模型,将要素数量和质量转化为中间投入品的数量和质量,通过中间投入品的数量扩张和质量提升对技术赶超的作用机理推导发现,后发国家实现技术赶超的速度取决于技术基础、要素的数量(包括人力资本的规模)、要素的质量指数及创新成本等,特别注意的是赶超速度与要素质量参数的关系是不确定的,要看要素质量与其他要素的匹配程度。最后提出了一些措施,以有效地促进技术赶超。     

New imported inputs,new domestic products

We study the relationship between new imported inputs and the introduction of new domestic products. To this purpose, we assemble a novel data set covering 25 European countries over 1995–2007 and containing information on domestic production and bilateral trade for the universe of goods. We develop a procedure to identify new imported inputs and new domestic products, while dealing with the complications raised by the yearly changes in the commodity classifications. We augment these data with information on prices and novel estimates of quality. We organize the empirical analysis around a version of the endogenous growth model with expanding variety, in which inputs are allowed to be heterogeneous in terms of quality. In line with this framework, we find three main results. First, new imported inputs have a strong positive effect on product creation in Europe. Second, they work through a combination of mechanisms, allowing countries to benefit from both wider and better sets of intermediate products. Finally, new imported inputs give a substantial boost to output growth in manufacturing.     

Does the use of imported intermediates increase productivity? Plant-level evidence

This paper examines whether importing intermediate goods improves plant performance. While addressing the issue of simultaneous productivity shocks and decisions to import intermediates, we estimate the impact foreign intermediates have on plants' productivity using plant-level Chilean manufacturing panel data. Across different estimators, we find evidence that becoming an importer of foreign intermediates improves productivity.     

房地产中介机构洗钱风险分类与管理研究

洗钱风险分类与管理是当前国际上房地产中介机构反洗钱工作的重要内容。本文从国家地域风险、客户风险、服务风险等方面对房地产中介机构洗钱风险作了理论上的分类,并从内部控制、客户尽职调查、监测可疑交易和教育培训等方面对房地产中介机构洗钱风险管理予以政策分析。     

3-甲基吡啶氯代衍生物的应用及技术进展

本文介绍了3-甲基吡啶氯代衍生物：2-氯-5-氯甲基吡啶、2-氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶、2，3-二氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶等作为农药中间体的用途、合成方法及烟碱类农药的发展趋势。     

2,3,4-三氟硝基苯合成工艺新进展

2,3,4-三氟硝基苯是合成氟喹诺酮药物的重要中间体.介绍了4条工艺合成路线,按起始原料分,它们是:1)2,6-二氯苯胺法;2)2,6-硝基苯法;3)2,6-溴苯胺法,4是最近提出的新工艺技术,即以1,2,3-三氯苯作原料,通过硝化、氟化制得到产品.产品纯度达99%,收率为60%,这是一条较有发展前景的工业化合成路线,值得引起关注.