互联网发展与区域创新能力非线性关系研究

党的十九大报告要求全力推动互联网、大数据、人工智能与实体经济深度融合。在此背景下，明晰互联网与区域创新能力关系至关重要。基于2006-2017年中国内地30个省区市面板数据，运用门槛面板回归技术，全面探讨了互联网发展与区域创新能力间的非线性关系。研究结果表明：互联网发展对区域创新能力存在边际报酬递增的正向非线性影响，且在政府支持环境下两者存在正向、边际报酬递增的非线性关系，但在对外开放环境下，两者存在正向U型关系。进一步研究发现，互联网发展对不同创新主体的创新能力存在异质性双门槛效应，如对高校、企业呈现出正向U型影响，而对研发机构表现为正向的边际效率递减规律。依据该结论提出具有针对性的差异化“互联网+创新能力”融合策略。     

Are small travel agencies ready for digital marketing? Views of travel agency managers

Digital technology provides new communication and distribution channel for both consumers and suppliers of travel services. Internet enables the travel agencies to adopt digital marketing to attract, inform and serve the travellers. However, in developing countries, the adoption of internet and digital marketing is slow. This study therefore finds it imperative to explore the triggering factors and perceived challenges of digital marketing by travel agencies - an entity whose perspectives do not find much place in the published academic literature. The qualitative study reveals the popular and trusted digital platforms used by the travel agencies. It also presents the factors that inhibit or assist the use of digital marketing by travel service managers.     

数字技术应用情境下如何提升企业创新效应? 协同自发抑或协同响应

数字技术能够对组织协同创新活动以及数字经营环境产生差异化影响,重塑企业创新效应形成机制与实践路径。因此,深入探究数字技术与组织、环境间的联动交互及组态匹配关系对特质各异的企业协同创新路径研究具有重要意义。基于协同视角构建数字技术应用情境下的TOE分析框架,通过对64家数字密集型企业进行模糊集定性比较分析,结果表明：组织与数字技术在多主体协同过程中的交互方式主要分为协同自发与协同响应,具体包含4种组态类型。协同自发方式主要包括以高层次人才为主导的人才驱动型与以组织开放度为主导的文化引领型;协同响应方式主要包括以地区经济发展水平为主导的需求推动型与以政府注意力分配为主导的政策拉动型。结论能够为解释企业创新应用数字技术提供新的理论视角,为不同技术条件与资源禀赋的企业提供针对性协同策略,为我国协同创新实践提供新的优化路径,为推动数字经济高质量发展提供新的指导方向。     

农村减贫效率及其空间差异研究——基于DEA-ESDA模型的分析

[目的]通过对2011~2015年间全国以及各区域层面的农村减贫效率进行测度,探讨其空间差异及变化特征。[方法]文章采用投入导向的DEA-BCC模型测算农村减贫效率值,并借助探索性数据分析法(ESDA)对农村减贫效率的空间差异和变化展开分析。[结果](1)我国农村减贫综合技术效率相对较低,未能充分挖掘现有资源投入的潜力,纯技术效率整体偏小是造成综合技术效率较低的重要原因;(2)省际农村减贫效率在2011~2015年整体呈现出先减后增的趋势,并表现出西高东低的阶梯形空间布局;(3)农村减贫的综合技术效率存在正自相关性,高高聚集的区域主要集中在西部地区,低低聚集区域呈现由东北向京津都市区移转的趋势;(4)减贫综合技术效率的热点区域主要集中在西北与西南两大区域,且具有较强的稳定性;冷点区域主要分布在江西、安徽及东部沿海地区,较为稳定的冷点区域主要集中在东北及环渤海地区。[结论]我国农村减贫效率存在显著的空间异质性的特征,需要精准地识别出局部性致贫因素,因地制宜地制定出具有区域联动特点的空间扶贫开发策略。     

Understanding the impacts of ‘Grain for Green’ land management practice on land greening dynamics over the Loess Plateau of China

Land greening in China is regarded as contributing a great deal to greening of the Earth. The phenomenon is mainly attributed to climate change, arising atmospheric CO₂ and ‘Grain for Green’ (GFG) land management policies. However, limited knowledge is known how much land greening is from contributions of the GFG practice. Therefore, the study took the typical region of the GFG practice, the Loess Plateau, as the study area, and used 1982–2015 satellite-observed GIMMS3g normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data, ERA-Interim climatic variables (precipitation, temperature and solar radiation) and atmospheric CO₂ concentration data with the help of a developed TPRC-based NDVI model to derive GFG-induced NDVI after 1999. Furthermore, this study tracked the spatial-temporal dynamics of GFG-induced NDVI and assessed contributions of the GFG practice to regional vegetation changes. Results showed that satellite-observed NDVI and TPRC-based NDVI both exhibited an increasing spatial pattern from the northwestern to southeastern Loess Plateau, but their greening trends were separately 0.0022 and 0.0009 per year in 1982–2015 (p < 0.05). Note that the satellite-observed greening trend was much steeper with a slope of 0.0056 per year after 2006 (p < 0.05). The subsequent analyses documented that GFG-induced land greening were largely responsible for the steep trend. In space, evident greening patterns began to be observed in the central Loess Plateau from 2006 to 2008, afterwards expanded towards eastern and southwestern Loess Plateau. In 2011–2015, the increase magnitude of GFG-induced land greening in the Loess Plateau averagely accounted for 8.5 % in comparison to estimated TPRC-based NDVI, but in six natural zones were various, ranging from 3.2%–15.7%. In some regions of central Loess Plateau, GFG-induced NDVI contributed even more than 20 % to vegetation increase. This study highlights that land use management contributes more to land greening dynamics over the Loess Plateau compared to climate change and arising atmospheric CO₂ concentration. These findings likely provide some valuable information for curbing or enhancing specific-location vegetation changes in future regional land management and planning.     

技术创新视角下平台生态系统形成、融合与治理研究

为探索平台生态系统形成、融合及治理机制，从技术创新视角切入，以海尔HOPE平台生态系统和BuiltIn平台生态系统为研究对象，通过多级编码和案例研究，分析技术创新对两个平台生态系统形成及融合过程的作用与影响，并对两个平台生态系统治理机制进行分析。结果发现：①技术互补性、技术溢出效应及技术创新市场需求对平台生态系统形成有促进作用；②技术创新流动促进平台生态系统参与者间联系由单一方向转变为多边方向，从而强化平台生态系统融合；③平台生态系统治理包括合同治理和关系治理两个阶段，技术创新吸引及平台生态系统成员参与感的形成等，能够有效促进平台参与者关系交互和生态系统结构稳定。据此，提出平台生态系统管理启示。     

Identifying and mapping the tourists⿿ perception of cultural ecosystem services: A case study from an Alpine region

Landscapes provide an array of services to society, from the provision of food and material, to the provision of cultural ecosystem services such as recreation, aesthetics or spirituality. Studies on cultural ecosystem services, however, remain rare and little is known about the spatial localisation of these services. In this study, we adopt and test a framework to identify and map the provision of cultural ecosystem services as perceived by tourists in an Alpine region, i.e. the region of South Tyrol in Italy. A photo-based questionnaire survey is combined with cartographical representations of landscape types to elicit hot and coldspot areas of cultural ecosystem service provision. We statistically test for influences of the land use type and the respondents' socio-demographic background on the tourists' perception of these services. The results show that different spatial patterns emerge for each of the investigated cultural ecosystem services depending on the distribution and extent of the landscape types to which they are related. In particular traditionally managed landscapes, small in extent and mainly scattered over large areas between 1000 and 2200 m a.s.l., are hotspot areas of aesthetic beauty, leisure activities and spirituality. In contrast, intensively managed landscapes, mainly located in the lowland plains of the study site, are considered to be more important for the provision of cultural heritage values. While the results suggest that land use type exerts the strongest influence upon tourists' perception, factors such as the respondents' perceived importance of the services, their gender, cultural background, environmental engagement and experience with the landscape play a significant but subordinate role. We conclude that the spatially explicit information about the provision of cultural ecosystem services can serve as a helpful basis for the design and further implementation of land use policies that acknowledge the high touristic value of traditionally used landscapes in mountain regions.     

对固定化微生物技术处理含油废水的研究

固定化微生物技术是一种新兴的生物处理技术,具有较高的生物活性、固液易于分离、处理效率高等优点,在废水处理中具有独特的优势和巨大的潜力,已经在各种有机废水领域得到广泛应用,近年来其在处理石油石化废水的研究也不断深入。本文简单介绍了微生物固定化载体和方法及其在含油废水处理中的研究成果,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。     

中国碳金融发展的制约因素及对策

低碳经济日益成为世界各国寻求实现可持续发展的重要战略选择。碳金融作为金融体系应对气候变化的重要新型机制创新,构成了低碳经济的重要组成部分。本文在闸述碳金融发展背景的基础上,分析中国碳金融发展的现状,揭示中国碳金融发展的困境,最后提出中国改善碳金融发展的策略。     

从生态伦理视野对当今企业管理的疏解

当前有关企业管理的研究层次以及类别比较活跃,但将企业管理与生态环境伦理问题相结合的研究还很不成熟。随着人类环保意识的逐步提高,现代企业管理应更加关注其与人类生活的生态环境相结合的问题。从生态伦理的角度重新审视现代企业管理中存在的一系列问题,进而解决此类问题,以促进社会更快、更好的发展,最终实现整个社会的可持续发展。