房价波动、抵押资产价值与企业风险承担

本文将房价波动作为外生事件,探讨了由房价波动所带来的抵押资产价值变化对企业风险承担水平的影响。房价上涨所带来的抵押资产价值上升会增强企业的融资能力,此时,理论上,一方面,管理层为了规避风险,会将抵押资产价值增加所带来的资源配置到那些风险较小但短期内可以获得高额利润的行业(如:房地产行业),从而会降低企业的风险承担水平;另一方面,因为企业融资能力的增强,管理层将有更充裕的资金投入到那些高风险且收益为正的项目,从而会提高企业的风险承担水平。实证结论支持第一种理论机制。进一步的实证检验支持非房地产企业大量进行房地产投资是上述结论形成的主要路径。在克服内生性问题和度量误差的可能影响之后,本文结论依然存在。     

The impact of speculation on house prices in the United Kingdom

When house prices are expected to rise, the representative house mover has an incentive to secure his purchase price (i.e. exchange contracts) on the ‘new’ house before exchanging contracts on the sale price on his ‘old’ house. If all house-movers adopt this stance, the imbalance between buyers and sellers causes a self-fulfilling speculative price bubble. Transactions costs do not represent a barrier to such speculation in the house market, as such costs can be considered as being sunk costs for first-time buyers and owner-occupiers intending to move for non-speculative reasons. This idea is formalised and empirical evidence is presented which suggests that speculation is a significant determinant of house prices in the United Kingdom.