Working-time reduction and employment: experiences in Europe and economic policy recommendations

The paper seeks to evaluate the evidence on the employment effectsof the collective working-time reductions in Europe over thepast 20 years. While theoretical analyses produce contradictoryassessments, most empirical studies show positive employmenteffects but take insufficient account of these conditions underwhich the reductions in working time were implemented. Theseconditions for the success of collective working-time reductionsinclude an active training policy designed to minimise skillshortages in the labour market, the modernisation of work organisation,wage increases in conjunction with productivity gains and amore equal income distribution.     

Discounting long run average growth in stochastic dynamic programs

Summary. Finding solutions to the Bellman equation often relies on restrictive boundedness assumptions. In this paper we develop a method of proof that allows to dispense with the assumption that returns are bounded from above. In applications our assumptions only imply that long run average (expected) growth is sufficiently discounted, in sharp contrast with classical assumptions either absolutely bounding growth or bounding each period (instead of long run) maximum (instead of average) growth. We discuss our work in relation to the literature and provide several examples. Received: July 26, 2000; revised version: July 10, 2002 RID="*" ID="*" I am specially grateful to Cuong Le Van and to anonymous referee for detecting an error in a previous version of this paper and for suggestions that sensibly improved the paper. Comments and suggestions are also acknowledged to Michele Boldrin, Raouf Boucekkine, Fabrice Collard, Tim Kehoe, Omar Licandro, and Luis Puch. I am also indebted to participants to the III Summer School on Economic Theory held at the Universidade de Vigo, the Macroeconomics Workshop at the Universitat Autò}noma de Barcelona, and the Econometrics Seminar at Tilburg University. Financial support from the Belgian government, under project PAI P4/01, at the IRES-UCL, from a European Marie Curie fellowship, Grant HPMF-CT-1999-00410, at the CEPREMAP, and from IVIE and Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología and FEDER, under project BEC2001-0535, at the Universidad de Alicante, is gratefully acknowledged.     

充气天线结构技术概述

简要介绍了充气式可展开空间天线(以下简称充气天线)结构的关键技术,指出了充气天线的最新发展动向。     

地方政府公共投资与区域经济增长的差异性分析

文章采用全国31个省、自治区和直辖市1995~2008年的面板数据,构建动态面板数据模型,考察了地方政府公共投资对区域经济增长的影响。研究表明,1995年以来我国地方政府公共投资总体上推动了区域经济增长,但不同公共投资项目的拉动效应在区域间存在着较大差异。     

动态能力视阈下我国汽车制造企业智能化转型升级路径研究

基于3家实施智能化转型升级的国内汽车制造企业,进行了跨案例研究,构建了我国汽车制造企业智能化转型升级的理论模型。该理论模型表明,我国汽车制造企业智能化转型升级可以分为自动化、信息化以及智能化3个阶段。企业基于动态能力不断调整其在不同阶段所拥有的核心能力,在自动化阶段,主要是通过实施以提高制造能力为核心的战略实现转型升级;在信息化阶段,主要是通过实施以标准化、信息化集成为核心的战略实现转型升级;在智能化阶段,主要是通过实施以企业柔性化建设为核心的战略实现转型升级。     

互联网金融发展提升了区域创新效率吗——基于空间杜宾模型的实证分析

基于2011—2018年全国30个省份（西藏地区和港澳台地区因数据缺少剔除）的面板数据,利用随机前沿模型测度中国区域创新效率。在此基础上构建动态空间面板模型对互联网金融发展与我国区域创新效率提升的关系进行实证分析,结果表明互联网金融发展与区域创新效率均存在显著的空间集聚特征。进一步通过中介效应检验发现,互联网金融发展主要通过加速金融发展与人力资本积累等对区域创新效率产生正向影响,该影响也表现出显著的空间溢出效应。     

Consumer Expenditures and Home Production at Retirement – New Evidence from Germany

Abstract. This paper investigates consumer expenditures of German households pre‐ and post‐retirement. The widely observed distinct drop in spending upon retirement entry poses an empirical puzzle since life cycle theory predicts smoothing of the marginal utility of consumption over time. As one explanation, I explore the role of home production as a substitute for consumer expenses. Taking a combined look at consumer expenditures and time use pre‐ and post‐retirement, I find a significant drop of about 17% of pre‐retirement expenses at retirement which coincides with an increase in time spent on home production of an additional 89 minutes per day, accounting for 21% of average home production.