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1.
基于价值链视角,构建涵盖人才资源在区域空间层面集聚生成、地区配置、效能产出3个维度在内的区域人才集聚水平评价指标体系,采用专家咨询AHP-信息熵组合赋权法构建综合评价模型和耦合协调度模型,对2010—2018年长江经济带沿线省市人才集聚水平进行测度与时空演化特征分析。结果表明,就长江经济带整体而言,考察期内地区人才集聚水平总体呈现逐年上升态势,但仍处于低水平状态;沿线省市人才集聚水平差异显著,缩小趋势渐缓,整体呈现局部高水平、全局低效率的不利境况;各省市人才集聚水平关键维度的耦合协调度整体呈显著波动递增态势,但内部耦合协调度存在不平衡发展问题,影响地区人才集聚水平整体提升。为提升长江经济带人才集聚水平,推进沿线地区协调发展,需强化区域人才合作机制,采取差别化精准策略破解沿线地区人才集聚低水平、不协调的短板因素。 相似文献
2.
一事一议财政奖补制度是中国农村税费改革后村级公共产品主要供给制度。该制度以其筹补结合的供给方式,弥补了由于税费减免导致的财政资金短缺加之村民筹资不足带来的村级公共产品供给缺失,有效促进了村级公共产品供给。理论上村级公共产品有效供给能够提高农村居民收入水平,但通过一事一议财政奖补制度提供的村级供给产品需要农民、村集体承担一部分建设费用,且后期管护工作在一定程度上增加了农民的经济负担。那么实施多年的一事一议财政奖补制度是否真正提高了农村居民收入水平?以及这种影响是短暂的还是持久的?其内在作用机制又是怎样的呢?文章首先从理论上分析一事一议财政奖补制度实施对农村居民收入的影响,并探讨"一事一议财政奖补→常住人口城镇化率→农村居民收入水平"的作用路径。然后运用中国县域面板数据对理论分析结论进行实证检验。文章在搜集2002年-2015年全国1869个县域经济数据基础上,从各省政府、省农委历年相关工作文件中查找1869个县开展一事一议财政奖补制度起始年份,最终形成26166组县域面板数据。研究发现,一事一议财政奖补制度实施能够对农村居民收入水平产生显著的正向影响,并且影响程度总体上呈现逐年递增趋势,并探讨常住人口城镇化率在其中发挥的中介效应。 相似文献
3.
《Socio》2020
Today, more than ever, it is becoming evident that cities and regions are crucial for the achievement of human well-being. In this perspective, the analysis of the effect of urbanization on subjective well-being at sub-national level is an issue of great relevance. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of urbanization on SWB at the regional level and, in particular, the moderator effect of the regional context in influencing this effect in Italy and Spain. From a methodological point of view, we apply a two-step approach as a graphical method, which allows us to consider individual and regional information in our analysis. Our findings indicate that urbanization significantly affects subjective well-being, especially in various regions of Italy. This cross-regional heterogeneity can be explained by different regional factors, which supports the idea that regional contexts can exert effects on achieving future people's well-being in cities. 相似文献
4.
The airline and railway industry contribute immensely to economic development, however, its role in environmental pollution requires attention. Here, this study builds on the theoretical pedigree of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis to explore the contribution of the air and railway transportation sector and urbanization to the emission-growth argument. We utilized annual time-frequency data from 1995 to 2014 for a panel of top 10 air passenger carrier countries using robust panel estimators that control for cross-section dependence. The empirical analysis shows a positive significant relationship between emissions and economic growth, thus, economic growth is emission-embedded with limited green growth. The existence of the EKC phenomenon is affirmed for the investigated blocs — where economic growth is prioritized over environmental quality. Additional, while air transportation drives pollution, railway transportation and urbanization decline emission over the sampled period. The results underscore the need for clean and environmentally friendly energy sources for air sector operations. 相似文献
5.
农民如何依托土地脱贫增收成为我国农业发展的关键问题。农业科技与金融的融合是家庭联产承包责任制下提升农业产出效率的有效手段。通过创新农业经营主体,建立政府引导、市场主导的“示范园模式”与“公司+农户”模式加强农业科技与金融融合;构建完善的试验-示范技术扩散体系,帮助农民进行技术模仿,提升农业技术能力;结合金融扶持,帮助农民提升对接市场技术的能力,提高土地产出效率是促进农民脱贫增收的有效途径。 相似文献
6.
本文在一般均衡框架下构建理论模型,从微观视角考察国有资本功能在国有、民营两部门中的差异,讨论"双循环"战略下如何有效配置国有资本,推动竞争中性框架的建立。研究表明:国有资本在理论上具有正向的经济效率并促进企业积极承担社会责任,但经验证据显示其经济效率偏低,且在国有和民营部门有较大差异。在国有部门中,国有资本的经济效率显著低于民营企业,且在低市场竞争度、高行政进入壁垒行业中尤为突出,证实了国企的垄断经营和不公平竞争;尽管在下游竞争性行业表现了较高效率,但主要是因为挤占了私营部门的投资空间。在民营部门中,国有资本具有积极的经济效率和社会责任。但主要是通过降低其税负、缓解融资约束并对企业捐赠等承担社会责任的行为形成补偿和激励等行为提高了其经济效率,而非国有资本理论上的市场化收益性功能。国有资本在国有和私营部门差异化的功能和经济效率验证了民营企业仍处于非中性的竞争环境,双循环格局可在上游垄断性部门引入民营资本和竞争机制,在下游竞争性行业则深化混合所有制改革以提高国企效率,释放出因国有部门过度举债挤占的私营部门投资空间,健全国有资本要素的市场化配置,给予民营企业竞争中性的平等国民待遇。 相似文献
7.
The distinct urbanization process of China has attracted worldwide attention because of its impressive speed, massive scale, and policy intervention. However, the interrelationship between urban expansion and government policies is still not well understood. The Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration of China is the first national pioneering urbanization area since the implementation of the policy “Reform and Opening-up” in the late 1970s. Here we compared the spatial and temporal patterns of urbanization in two leading cities of the Pearl River Delta (i.e., Guangzhou and Shenzhen, the provincial capital and the first Special Economic Zone of China, respectively) from 1975 to 2015, using Landsat data integrated with urban growth and landscape metrics analysis, and examined possible footprints of major economic and urbanization policies. Our results illustrated that urban land areas in both Guangzhou and Shenzhen have experienced magnificent annual growth rates at 8.1% and 11%, respectively between 1975 and 2015. On average, Shenzhen witnessed substantially higher urban growth rate than Guangzhou during the past four decades, particularly in the initial period (1978–1990) when the Reform and Opening-up policy was launched and Shenzhen was designated as the first Special Economic Zone in China in the late 1970s. However, the speed of urban expansion in Shenzhen became considerably lower than Guangzhou from 2005 to 2015, subject to physical conditions and a series of urban land use policies. Both cities showed a generally similar dynamics of urban growth forms with leapfrogging as the predominant type of urban growth at first and then edge-expansion while the contribution of infilling in Shenzhen was higher than that in Guangzhou, especially since 2005. The urbanization processes characterized by landscape and urban growth metrics revealed that a diffusion-coalescence-diffusion-coalescence process was identified for Guangzhou, while Shenzhen was generally consistent with the diffusion-coalescence urban growth hypothesis. 相似文献
8.
新型城镇化建设是党的十八大部署的建设中国特色社会主义的重大战略之一,也是扩大国内需求的战略重点,是促进城乡一体化发展的必然途径,是带动县域经济协调发展的重要举措。推进新型城镇化建设对金融服务工作提出了更新更高的要求,也为金融业发展开辟了广阔的空间。作为基层银行业金融机构要紧紧把握新型城镇化建设有利时机,充分发挥基层银行业金融机构在新型城镇化建设中不可替代的作用,积极主动志参与到新型城镇化建设中来,全面提升金融服务水平,稳步推进新型城镇化建设健康发展。 相似文献
9.
随着对外开放程度的提高和对外经济交往的日益紧密,将跨境人民币结算业务扩展到个人领域的呼声渐高。本文从个人跨境人民币业务的现实需求入手,分析了开展个人跨境人民币业务的可行性,并对发展个人跨境人民币业务的管理框架和模式安排进行了探讨,以期为推进个人跨境人民币业务发展及实施有效管理提供参考。 相似文献
10.