China's Emergence and Its Implications for Europe's Economies

Abstract

This paper assesses how the competition between China and the EU in export markets has affected the trade performance of European countries. It first draws on a comparison between Germany and France before turning to discuss the economic and social impact of China's internationalization on Europe's economies. The results suggest that even in the recent years when China has gained prominence, it should not be blamed for more than half of the measured effects for emerging countries.     

国际大都市发展的新趋势

对国际大都市聚集整合物流、资金流、知识流等要素及其全球控制能力的形成过程进行了梳理,归纳总结了当代国际大都市发展的九大特征,探讨了国际大都市城市职能的演变和城市发展的特色规划,以及国际大都市经济发展的最新理念和趋势。     

去工业化的内涵、影响与测度指标的构建——兼议结构性去工业化和区域性去工业化

去工业化是一个与工业化相伴随的概念,通常具有后工业化时代的特征,本质上都是在物质世界基础上的要素再配置过程。去工业化表现为制造业或其生产环节在国家间、地区间的转移,是制造业生产率更快提高、消费需求模式变化、国际贸易以及公共部门快速扩张等因素共同作用的结果。拓展了去工业化的内涵,提出结构性去工业化和区域性去工业化概念,并尝试构建一个综合测度指标对去工业化的时空效应进行客观度量,为中国产业结构优化升级和经济发展方式的转变提供借鉴。     

De-industrialization and comparative advantage in the global value chain

We investigate the causes of de-industrialization and potential for re-industrialization using trade-linked input–output data from WIOD. By introducing a new global value chain measure of comparative advantage, we relate a sector's share in domestic final demand to that in production and separate the direct effect of trade on its income share. This method identifies the declining share of manufacturing value added in domestic final expenditures to be the main cause of de-industrialization. Differences in comparative advantage between countries do matter, especially in the case of employment shares, but have a limited impact via the direct trade effect on value added. The findings point to a peculiar paradox of industrial policy: precisely when it is successful in raising competitiveness and hence productivity growth of manufacturing, it also furthers the global decline of relative prices in manufacturing. In contrast to the national objectives of re-industrialization, effective industrial policies accelerate de-industrialization in the global economy.     

Thinking about industry decline: A qualitative meta-analysis and future research directions

We analyze historical and longitudinal research focusing on industry decline. Our analysis suggests that the literature’s general reliance on a few meta-theoretical arguments has important consequences for how decline is framed and explained. We identify four meta-theoretical clusters in the literature: politics and market dynamics are seen as exogenous factors with deterministic features, whereas technology and management capabilities are framed as firm-internal failures with causally questionable explanations of how firm-level characteristics explain industry-level decline. We propose that it is important to understand the limitations of distinct meta-theoretical arguments for an enhanced theoretical and methodological understanding of what industry decline is, how it takes place, and why. Accordingly, this study contributes to business history research by restructuring and clarifying latent theoretical issues, demonstrating the pros and cons of researchers’ choices, and offering guidelines and propositions for researchers interested in industry decline.