农产品电商与物流共生关系演化及协同度评价研究

农产品电商与物流协同将直接影响农产品的流通水平。运用共生理论,剖析了农产品电商与物流的共生关系机理与演化形式。利用微分方程分析了共生关系的演化过程,求解了共生关系的稳定条件。结果表明,协同共生均衡状态下产出水平得到提高,协同共生关系进入理想的稳定状态需要外部引导干预。对2013—2018年中国农产品电商与物流协同度变化的测量结果表明,当前中国农产品电商与物流协同尚处于初级阶段,共生关系表现为非互惠协同共生。     

资本要素市场化改革、对外直接投资与技术创新绩效

对外直接投资对母国产业的技术创新具有反哺促进效应,但同时受资本要素市场扭曲的调节作用影响。本文运用2003~2016年的面板数据,设定双因素基准模型并进行东、中、西部地区分样本回归以检验资本要素市场扭曲对OFDI的技术创新的调节作用。结果发现:OFDI通过逆向技术溢出促进了母国的企业技术创新绩效。同时,资本要素市场扭曲抑制了OFDI反哺技术创新绩效的正向作用,且资本要素市场扭曲对OFDI的技术创新的调节效应存在地区差异性。因此,深化要素市场化改革,调整对外直接投资结构和优化营商环境,是实现OFDI协调发展以推动技术创新绩效提升的有效途径。     

Land rental in a multi-ethnic society: Insights from Southwest China

This study presents detailed evidence on the characteristics, processes, and consequences of land rental practices in a multi-ethnic rural society in Yunnan Province, Southwest China, which have rarely been explored. It contributes to the existing literature on land rental and control by considering the dimension of ethnicity. The findings show the following: Interethnic land rental is a very common and noteworthy feature in the selected Han-Jingpo multi-ethnic rural society. Han ethnic households rented and accumulated a large proportion of farmland and forestland from neighbouring Jingpo ethnic households. This was done to expand cash crops and timber forest, as opposed to the activities of Jingpo ethnic households. Interethnic land rental was mainly triggered by different development capabilities and attitudes towards agricultural commercialization supported by differences in resource assets due to ethnic living patterns and other dynamic socio-political reasons. Consequently, Jingpo ethnic households are experiencing an increasing income gap due largely to declines in farmland and forestland, while possibilities for positive interethnic interactions were found. These findings are relevant for rethinking land rental policies in China and also provide useful insights for rural sustainability in any multi-ethnic area where interethnic interactions of land or other resources coexist.     

互联网金融对中国居民消费水平的影响研究

本文先简要分析了互联网金融对居民消费的影响机理,再利用2014年1月-2016年3月中国省际面板数据实证分析了互联网金融对居民消费水平的影响。研究结果表明,互联网金融的发展能有效促进消费需求,且对传统经济强省的影响更为显著。最后,提出针对性政策意见,以确保未来互联网金融的健康规范发展,进一步刺激需求。     

海域"双评价"的实践与应用——以温州为例

"双评价"(资源环境承载能力评价和国土空间开发适宜性评价)作为构建国土空间基本战略格局的科学基础尚未延伸至海洋层面。海域"双评价"作为沿海地区国土空间规划工作的重要内容,存在理论缺失、技术方法不完善等问题。文章以海域功能理论为基础,从人类海洋活动出发,探索海域"双评价"的实践方案,建立"双评价"到海域利用优化的科学逻辑,指出基于"双评价"的海域利用冲突识别是海洋空间规划的关键。以温州市海域为例,基于本底资源从空间、渔业、环境和生态四方面进行单要素承载力测算,以此获得海域综合承载力作为监测预警的标志。选择渔业用海和建设用海两类典型用海进行适宜性分析,确定海洋空间利用的最优布局,判断海域利用空间冲突。结果表明:温州市沿海区县的海洋承载能力差异较大,资源环境分化严重,龙湾区与洞头区渔业资源开发超载;乐清市与龙湾区的海洋环境超载。渔业用海适宜面积占比较低且分布于远海地带。不适宜区域集中于瓯江、飞云江、鳌江三江入海口岸海域。建设用海适宜区域集中于近岸海域,远海区域距离城镇与交通较远,自然条件中水深较深,成本较高。苍南县和平阳县海域利用冲突较少,用海布局合理。乐清市、龙湾区与洞头区存在显著冲突。"双评价"的实践与应用是指导沿海地区海洋经济发展与海洋资源保护的关键,能够综合识别海洋利用的冲突,有助于沿海地区海洋空间规划。     

Influencing factors of farmers’ willingness to withdraw from rural homesteads: A survey in zhejiang,China

The purpose of the paper is to analyse the influencing factors on farmers’ willingness of withdrawal from rural homesteads (WRH). Methods that included field surveys, factor analyses and case studies were used for this paper. The results show that farmers have a strong willingness to own the property on which their homesteads sit. There are deviations between homestead systems and execution. It is common that the area of a homestead exceeds the lawful standard, and one peasant family owns two or more homesteads. Peasant families have many concerns about WRH, which include: reduction of employment, lack of supporting social security, high expenditure of new houses, low compensation criteria for homesteads, decline in standard of living and inconvenience in agricultural production. Among all means of compensation, peasants prefer allocated residences, and they pay more attention to public service facilities and fundamental facilities. The authors argue that implementing employment and social security policies and setting up linkage mechanisms of WRH could help to smoothly push forward WRH.     

The local impact of typhoons on economic activity in China: A view from outer space

We examine the impact of typhoons on local economic activity in coastal China. To capture potential damages from an individual typhoon we use historical typhoon track data in conjunction with a detailed wind-field model. We then combine our damage proxy with satellite derived nightlight intensity data to construct a panel data set that allows us to estimate the impact of typhoons at a spatially highly disaggregated level (approx. 1 km). Our results show that typhoons have a negative and significant, but short-term, impact on local activity – a typhoon that is estimated to destroy 50% of the property reduces local economic activity by 20% for that year. Over our period of analysis (1992–2010) total net economic losses are estimated to be in the region of $US 28.34 billion. To assess the damage risk from future typhoons we use simulated probability distributions of typhoon occurrence and intensity and combine these with our estimated effects. Results suggest that expected annual losses are likely to be around $US 0.54 billion.     

Understanding the antecedents of consumers' attitudes towards doggy bags in restaurants: Concern about food waste,culture, norms and emotions

Based on a qualitative study with 20 respondents in France and 20 respondents from the Czech Republic, this study aims to better understand how consumers’ concern about food waste, culture, social norms and emotions contribute to consumers’ attitudes and behaviors related to doggy bags. Results highlight a double paradox between conflicting norms and emotions: personal norms encourage not to waste while salient social norms encourage leaving leftovers; asking for a doggy bag generates immediate shame while leaving leftovers produces anticipated regret and guilt. Finally, the study sheds light on obstacles to overcome for the adoption of this social innovation.     

论消费外部性及其社会福利影响

消费外部性是指个人或家庭的消费行为影响他人或社会,但个人或家庭并未因此而给予相应补偿或取得相应报酬。无论是正消费外部性还是负消费外部性,其结果都使资源配置达不到怕累托最优状态,导致国民收入减少,从而整个福利也就相应减少。     

区块链技术与海产品供应链耦合机理分析

随着信息技术的创新发展,区块链技术及其应用的地位愈发重要。在研究区块链技术演进和类型的基础上,剖析了区块链和海产品供应链的耦合机理,重构了基于区块链技术的海产品供应链管理平台架构,再造了海产品供应链交易运作流程。