Analysing Materials and Energy Flows in an Industrial District using an Enterprise Input–Output Model

Recent approaches to sustainable development leave much room for policies at a local level. In fact, it is becoming evident that targets such as increasing resource productivity, preserving natural cycles, or extending the present level of welfare, are best pursued within the confines of a local area. In particular, environmental changes are best brought about by considering local systems of firms as cornerstones of cooperative strategies and using data on materials and energy use in physical terms. In this paper, an enterprise input–output model is developed for an industrial district, i.e. a local group of firms specialized in the production of a single final output. The model allows for a detailed quantitative analysis of materials and energy flows and the consequent generation of waste and pollution. As a planning tool, the model may be used to evaluate alternative scenarios, such as the possibility of re- using waste taking account of sustainability requirements. An empirical case study applies the model to an industrial district in Southern Italy producing leather sofas.     

AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP MAGNITUDE

Based upon a review of the extant literature, it is proposed that the structure of an interorganizational relationship is composed of relationship type and the under‐researched construct of relationship magnitude. Specifically, it is hypothesized that relationship magnitude, a second order construct composed of trust, commitment, and dependence, affects relationship type, which affects the perception of value of the relationship. The results of a survey analyzed through structural equation modeling support these hypotheses.     

范式与路径：宁夏产业结构调整

产业结构是影响经济持续发展的要素之一。本文从产业结构调整的一般范式和宁夏区域禀赋两个维度出发,通过对宁夏（2007年-2010年）的GDP产业构成、增速、产业周期、周边区域产业结构、节能约束、外部性等指标进行分析,认为宁夏的产业结构目前不均衡,需要调整。基于宁夏的资源禀赋提出：控制性发展主导产业（重工业和建筑业）,以主导产业带动特色产业（清真产业、特色生态农业、现代物流业、能源“金三角”内服务业）,让特色产业成为主导产业,通过带动调整,特色主导的调整路径,最终形成适合宁夏区情的产业结构。     

公司治理结构与公司价值关系研究——基于30个创业板数据的实证分析

为使创业板公司治理进一步规范,并为其提供理论基础,在借鉴现有研究特别是充分考虑中国创业板上市公司行业特点的基础上,构建创业板上市公司治理基础指标体系;运用回归分析得出第一大股东持股比例、第一大股东是否为母公司、CEO是否由公司的董事长或副董事长兼任、董事会的专业人士、高管持股比例、流通股比例对公司价值的影响在统计上有显著的结论。     

Reconfiguring supplier relationships between local and global: History matters

Small and medium-sized companies are increasingly facing international markets as part of their processes of growth and development. A great deal of literature deals with different patterns of growth and international development that are specific to SMEs with respect to large companies. Fewer studies have been conducted on the reconfiguration of company supplier relationships involved in these processes. This paper focuses on the role played by the consolidated set of company supplier relationships when the firm faces some critical stages in its process of development, i.e., growth from small to mid-sized and the implementation of new ventures abroad accessing new business relationships with international suppliers. A multiple and longitudinal case study shows how the local set of supplier relationships of four mid-sized Italian mechanical companies acting in industrial districts has played an important role in shaping the emerging set of supplier relationships and addressing companies' actions in their growth and internationalization processes.     

西部地区传统产业集群整合途径研究——以成都市家具产业集群为例

产业集群对西部地区缩小区域差距,进行技术创新,提高区域竞争力等方面具有重要意义。本文通过对产业集群理论的基本论述,以成都市家具产业集群为例,寻求西部地区传统产业集群整合途径。     

A baseline model of industry evolution

The paper analyses some general dynamic properties of industries characterized by heterogeneous firms and continuing stochastic entry.After a brief critical assessment of some significant drawbacks of recent contributions to modeling of stochastic industrial dynamics, we propose a novel analytical apparatus able to derive some generic properties of the underlying competition process combining persistent technological heterogeneity, differential growth of individual firms and turnover. The basic model, we suggest, is indeed applicable with proper modifications to a large class of evolutionary processes, well beyond industrial dynamics.JEL Classification: L11, O30, C60Support to this research by the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Austria; the Fujitsu Research Institute for Advanced Information (FRI), Japan; the Italian National Research Council (CNR), the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR, prot. 2002132413 003) and the Free University of Bozen Bolzano, Italy, is gratefully acknowledged. Comments by Andrea Bassanini, Francesca Chiaromonte, Steven Klepper, Uwe Cantner, Drew Fudenberg and the anonymous referees helped in shaping the paper to its present form. Mariele Berté provided the computer simulations of the model. The usual caveats apply.Correspondence to: G. Dosi     

Taiwan's ICP mechanism—a review and a stage approach

Most developing countries achieved necessary critical technology quickly and efficiently through the offset channel. Taiwanese government procurement is one of the most important sources of technological development. Over the past 10 years, this performance has not been remarkable in obtaining improved rising defense technology using the offset (namely, Industrial Cooperation Program, ICP). The main objective of this paper is to discuss the problems with Taiwan's ICP and propose a four-stage approach for Taiwan's ICP mechanism detailed improvements are suggested for Stage I and Stage II. F-16 fighter coproduction was used as an example to simulate Stages I and II in the four-stage approach process, considering all three levels of technology, economics and national security, to establish a set of fuzzy multiple criteria decision mode to identify the evaluative criteria variables and project item's order for ICP project. This decision mode was identified as a workable method.     

知识系统跨越式升级中政府的作用研究--基于产业集群知识系统的分析

引领科技发展的新创知识虽然是未来经济社会发展的动力源泉,但由于缺乏市场的长期检验,这类新创知识早期应用成本和风险均较高,导致集群企业很难主动接受。文章在相关文献综述的基础上,阐释了集群知识系统运行的基本假设,构建了一个基于传染病模型的政府参与的集群知识扩散模型,通过数理推导发现,无论产业集群内现存知识的传播再生数多大,政府宏观调控和激励政策在集群内新创知识推广和应用过程中的作用显著,能够加快集群内知识系统的跨越式升级,最后文章提出了促进集群内新创知识应用的政策建议。     

Functions of innovation systems as a framework to understand sustainable technological change: Empirical evidence for earlier claims

Understanding the emergence of innovation systems is recently put central in research analysing the process of technological change. Especially the key activities that are important for the build up of an innovation system receive much attention. These are labelled ‘functions of innovation systems’. This paper builds on five empirical studies, related to renewable energy technologies, to test whether the functions of innovation systems framework is a valid framework to analyse processes of technological change. We test the claim that a specific set of functions is suitable. We also test the claim made in previous publications that the interactions between system functions accelerate innovation system emergence and growth. Both claims are confirmed.