Local Powers of Optimal One‐sample and Multi‐sample Tests for the Concentration of Fisher‐von Mises‐Langevin Distributions

One‐sample and multi‐sample tests on the concentration parameter of Fisher‐von Mises‐Langevin distributions on (hyper‐)spheres have been well studied in the literature. However, only little is known about their behaviour under local alternatives, which is due to complications inherent to the curved nature of the parameter space. The aim of the present paper therefore consists in filling that gap by having recourse to the Le Cam methodology, which has recently been adapted from the linear to the spherical setup. We obtain explicit expressions of the powers for the most efficient one‐ and multi‐sample tests. As a nice by‐product, we are also able to write down the powers (against local Fisher‐von Mises‐Langevin alternatives) of the celebrated Rayleigh test of uniformity. A Monte Carlo simulation study confirms our theoretical findings and shows the empirical powers of the above‐mentioned procedures.     

Timber price dynamics after a natural disaster: Hurricane Hugo revisited

Timber prices in the area struck by a natural disaster such as a hurricane or pest infestation are known to drop sharply immediately following the disaster, only to recover after about a year or so. Previous research attributes the rapid recovery to shifts in supply and demand curves. Our analysis suggests the more probable explanation is rotation in the curves. Supply and demand shifts come into play in the second and third years as rebuilding from the hurricane begins in earnest, and as timber inventory is rebuilt in response to elevated price expectations. But for the period in which price recovery occurs, model simulations based on data for Hurricane Hugo indicate the major causal factors of the observed price dynamics are curve rotation and trade with the surrounding undamaged region. Inventory-based supply shifts, the previously-identified causal factor, play a minor role in the observed price dynamics. Getting the causal factors right is important for predicting the price effects of forest inventory shocks, and for proper measurement of their welfare effects.     

Fragmented Territories: Incomplete Enclosures and Agrarian Change on the Agricultural Frontier of Samlaut District,North‐West Cambodia

In Cambodia, the interactions between large‐scale land investment and land titling gathered particular momentum in 2012–13, when the government initiated an unprecedented upland land titling programme in an attempt to address land tenure insecurity where large‐scale land investment overlaps with land appropriated by peasants. This paper is based on a spatially explicit ethnography of land rights conducted in the Samlaut district of north‐west Cambodia – a former Khmer Rouge resistance stronghold – in a context where the enclosures are both incomplete and entangled with post‐war, socially embedded land tenure systems. We discuss how this new pattern of fragmentation affects the prevailing dynamics of agrarian change. We argue that it has introduced new forms of exclusion and a generalized perception of land tenure uncertainty that is managed by peasants through the actualization of hybrid land tenure arrangements borrowing from state rules and local consensus. In contrast with common expectations about land formalization, the process reinforces the patterns of social differentiation initiated by land rent capture practices of early migrants and pushes more vulnerable peasants into seeking wage labour and resorting to job migration.     

浅谈谢振瓯《大唐伎乐图》的艺术价值

谢振瓯是当代著名的工笔人物画家。他以大唐雄风为主要创作内容,创作了许多优秀的艺术作品,其中《大唐伎乐图》堪称他的代表作,成为当代美术史上工笔人物画不可替代的作品。他有自己比较独特的艺术风格,为工笔人物画的发展作出了积极贡献。     

The Le Châtelier Principle in the Theory of International Trade

This paper shows in a general framework the broad applicability of the Le Chatelier Principle in international trade theory and policy. By stressing the formal similarity between a small open economy and a price taking multi-product firm, the paper generalises earlier applications of the Le Chatelier Principle in the trade literature. In addition, it is shown how some of the Le Chatelier results, which in their established form are locally valid only, can be generalized to discrete parameter changes.     

影响水泥安定性判定的因素分析

水泥的安定性是水泥检测项目中的重要指标之一,文章依据GB/T1346-2001《水泥标准稠度用水量、凝结时间、安定性检验方法》认真分析了影响水泥安定性检测的主要因素及控制措施,谨供借鉴。     

Product liability and safety: Perspectives from business versus public policy makers

Product liability and the improvement of product safety are major concerns confronting business executives and public policy makers. This article reports the results of a mail survey that explored some of the major issues surrounding product liability and safety. The survey solicited the opinions of manufacturing executives, insurance executives, and state insurance commissions. Analysis of the data involved comparison of the opinions of the three groups of respondents. In general, the respondents agreed that (1) the increased emphasis on safety has caused prices to rise, but products are safer; (2) the salesforce should be used more as a source of information on the safe use of products; (3) a good safety record is a competitive edge for a manufacturing firm; (4) small businesses should not be treated more leniently than large ones in product liability cases; and (5) the CPSC's activities have generally been favorable. In contrast, manufacturing and insurance executives were more negative regarding the application and enforcement of strict liability than were insurance commission respondents.     

建设性上级反馈对员工组织自尊与建言行为的影响机制

基于社会认知理论,构建并验证了建设性上级反馈对员工组织自尊与建言行为的影响机制,并统计分析了两阶段收集到307套上级与员工配对数据。结果表明:建设性上级反馈对员工组织自尊、促进性建言和抑制性建言均具有显著的正向预测作用;组织自尊在建设性上级反馈与员工促进性建言和抑制性建言关系间均表现出部分中介作用;建设性上级反馈正向调节员工组织自尊对其促进性建言的积极影响,但在组织自尊与抑制性建言的关系之间不具有调节作用。