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1.
Robert Boyer 《Review of Political Economy》2018,30(3):284-316
ABSTRACTThe 2008 financial crisis has challenged the merits of standard economic theories and sparked surprising references to Marxist analyses. A monetary economy is prone to crises, the interaction of competition with capital–labour relations launches relentless accumulation and over-accumulation crises exacerbate the built-in contradictions of the capitalist mode of production. Nevertheless, until now, these imbalances have not unfolded into its rapid and complete collapse. From the social and political struggles of labour and citizens, the 1929 crisis and finally the Second World War, new configurations emerge for the wage–labour nexus, the form of competition and the monetary and credit regime. These delineate an unprecedented accumulation regime, Fordism. In turn, Fordism enters a structural crisis and a dramatic change in institutionalized compromises favours a still different accumulation regime (finance-led) that evolved from one speculative boom to another till the 2008 American financial collapse. Thus the mobilization of Marx's foundational hypotheses by Régulation theory allows a better understanding than most alternative theories of major contemporary stylized facts: productivity slow-down and social polarization in mature economies, tensions between capitalism and democracy, new industrial capitalisms and limits to globalization. 相似文献
2.
ABSTRACTProspect theory is widely thought to be one of the best-confirmed accounts of human decision-making under risk. There are numerous claims in the literature that various kinds of nonexperimental, observational evidence provide strong support for prospect theory. We investigate the veracity of these claims using a set of philosophy of science morals and a careful delineation of models of choice under risk, focussing on the extant versions of prospect theory and their various components. We challenge the claim that prospect theory is well supported because it explains the equity premium puzzle. In addition, we analyse a major international survey thought to support prospect theory and argue that the support is questionable, both for statistical reasons and because the evidence itself is mixed. Our analyses highlight some important ideas in the philosophy of science and caution against strong claims about support for prospect theory that rely on nonexperimental, observational evidence. 相似文献
3.
随着经济全球化的不断深入以及产品研发的不断创新,市场竞争日益激烈。企业为了维持稳定的发展,满足理论与实践共同发展的时代要求,发展企业核心竞争力十分必要。企业核心竞争力不仅包括研发、生产、加工等传统指标,而且包括在企业中时时刻刻影响着企业经营的管理哲学。海尔集团能在短短三十年间取得如今的成就,便是凭借其优秀的管理哲学。因此,探究海尔集团管理哲学在企业运营中产生的实践价值显得尤为重要。 相似文献
4.
Maria Christina Meyers Marianne van Woerkom Jaap Paauwe Nicky Dries 《International Journal of Human Resource Management》2020,31(4):562-588
AbstractHR managers have different beliefs about the nature, value, and instrumentality of talent—referred to as ‘talent philosophies’. In line with cognitive psychology, we reason that talent philosophies are similar to mental models that influence how HR managers interpret and use talent management (TM) practices within their organizations. In this article, we explore the prevalence of four different talent philosophies (exclusive/stable; exclusive/developable; inclusive/stable; inclusive/developable) in a sample of 321?HR managers. We then explore how talent philosophies relate to organizational context (i.e. size, ownership form, multinational orientation) as well as to HR managers’ perceptions of their organization’s TM practices. Cluster analysis corroborated the presence of the four talent philosophies in our dataset. All four talent philosophies were represented almost equally often in the overall dataset. Organizational size was found to be related to talent philosophies, such that HR managers who worked in smaller organizations were more likely to hold an inclusive talent philosophy. We also found support for the relationship between talent philosophies and perceptions of the exclusiveness or inclusiveness of the organization’s definition of talent, and its degree of workforce differentiation. Contrary to expectations, results did not support a link between talent philosophies and perceived talent identification criteria. 相似文献
5.
20世纪50—60年代既是新中国财政学初建时期,也见证了苏联财政学传统移入和退出的过程。就其理论和实践来源看,苏联财政学是苏联化的马克思主义、苏联特殊年代政治实践和计划经济体制等诸多因素的混合物。虽然它在发展和创新马克思主义财政理论方面作出了首创性的贡献,但其历史局限性也不可避免。在苏联财政学移植中国之时,其中一些负面特征也参与了新中国财政学的重建,并对其后中国财政学的发展起到了长久的羁绊作用。20世纪50年代后期以来,中国财政学“去苏联化”的目标未能完全实现,这一方面源于塑造苏联财政学的思维模式仍然在当时的中国财政学界起着支配作用;另一方面在那些影响财政学发展的主要因素上,当时的中苏两国极为雷同。吸取20世纪50年代中国移植苏联财政学的历史经验和教训,对当下中国合理借鉴域外学术资源、发展和创新马克思主义财政理论,有着重要的借鉴意义。 相似文献
6.
实践观点是马克思主义哲学首要的和基本的观点,基于风险理性的财政改革要求必须以马克思主义科学实践观为指引。从哲学的角度来看,中国的财政改革要从“此岸世界”到“彼岸世界”,并无现成的模式可以借鉴,唯有通过实践来实现,就是要“摸着石头过河”。“摸着石头过河”的改革路径有一个很重要的做法是先试点后推广。渐进式改革是要根据客观实际的变化在一定的条件下逐步释放改革措施,这是基于马克思主义量变和质变原理的改革路径,增值税改革就是渐进式改革的典型案例。“否定之否定”原理说明适时变与不变应基于事物变化的情况特别是风险的变化来考虑。这一点在我国收费制度的改革中得到了充分体现。“矛盾的普遍性和特殊性”原理说明改革不能搞一刀切,这在我国财政体制改革推进过程中非常明显。“整体与局部的关系”是调动两个积极性的重要哲学基础。服务于国家治理目标的财政体制改革,应当继续坚持马克思主义哲学为指引,根据国家治理体系与治理能力现代化的新要求做出优化调整。 相似文献
7.
文化遗产保护是动态发展的概念,总结了文化景观
的3类意义:1)文化景观作为物质实体;2)文化景观作为概念
和过程;3)文化景观作为方法和工具。指出当前世界遗产及
文化景观保护中存在的自然和文化分离现象,揭示了西方哲学
的二元两分法的背景根源。介绍了IUCN和ICOMOS为融合
自然与文化而进行的“连接实践项目”和“自然文化之旅”2
个项目,推广他们在不同地理和文化背景下,为更好地连接自
然与文化遗产的治理和管理实践所作出的杰出贡献和引领作
用,主张非西方原住民社区、地方社区应该在推进“自然文化
之旅”工作中占有核心地位。 相似文献
8.
白长鸿 《沈阳工程学院学报(社会科学版)》2015,(1):1-8
王充闾围绕庄子哲学思想中"逍遥游"这个主旨,进行多维度的探求,使这部传记具有《庄子》哲学思想品读的文化存在意义。该作秉持严谨的学术态度,以"游世"说为立论,阐发"游世"思想的哲学意义,并采用可行的解读路径,揭示庄子哲学的形上之义。该作将传记、散文、理论专著成功地融为一体,展示了较强的可读性和深刻的思想内涵,提供了一种距离读者更近的《庄子》阅读方式,也为丰富庄学的文本类型提供了借鉴。 相似文献
9.
Claudius Gräbner 《Journal of economic issues》2017,51(2):392-400
Analyzing economic systems from an evolutionary-institutional or a complexity perspective are two complementary approaches to economic inquiry. I discuss three arguments in favor of this hypothesis: (i) eminent institutional economists have examined the economy as what today could be considered a complex system; (ii) complexity economists lack meta-theoretical foundations which could be provided by institutionalist theory; and (iii) institutional economists could benefit from using methods of complexity economics. In this context, I argue that scholars considering the economy to be complex should seek to explain it by discovering social mechanisms instead of focusing on prediction. In order to distinguish between alternative explanations, scholars should refer to the deepness of an explanation, rather than to Occam’s razor. 相似文献
10.
方蒙石 《浙江工商职业技术学院学报》2014,(1):41-44
儒家一直以来都被认为是一个积极入世、以天下为己任、知其不可为而为之的学派.但儒家在早初,绝非一个纯粹入世的学派,早期儒家也提倡明哲保身,也提倡命定论,儒家之面相,绝非单纯的一面.本文力求分析儒家的多种面相,以求探讨儒家思想真正的全貌. 相似文献