Search reduction in hierarchical distributed problem solving

Knoblock and Korf have determined that abstraction can reduce search at a single agent from exponential to linear complexity (Knoblock 1991; Korf 1987). We extend their results by showing how concurrent problem solving among multiple agents using abstraction can further reduce search to logarithmic complexity. We empirically validate our formal analysis by showing that it correctly predicts performance for the Towers of Hanoi problem (which meets all of the assumptions of the analysis). Furthermore, a powerful form of abstraction for large multiagent systems is to group agents into teams, and teams of agents into larger teams, to form an organizational pyramid. We apply our analysis to such an organization of agents and demonstrate the results in a delivery task domain. Our predictions about abstraction's benefits can also be met in this more realistic domain, even though assumptions made in our analysis are violated. Our analytical results thus hold the promise for explaining in general terms many experimental observations made in specific distributed AI systems, and we demonstrate this ability with examples from prior research.This research has been sponsored, in part, by the National Science Foundation under grants IRI-9015423 and IRI-9010645, by the University of Michigan Rackham Graduate School, and by a Bell Northern Research Postgraduate Award.     

三维激光扫描仪在地形测量中的应用

文章从三维激光扫描仪在测量中的作用入手,详细介绍了三维激光扫描仪的工作原理和三维激光扫描系统,并说明了三维激光扫描仪配套三维数据处理软件的功能,着重介绍了三维数据的处理方法:点云的连接、特征线的提取、对地物的三维建模(TIN建模),在TIN建模中,介绍了狄洛尼三角网的构网方法。     

Organizational versus Market Knowledge: From Concrete Embodiment to Abstract Representation

Synopsis In contrast to the neoclassical economic presumption in favor of markets, we argue that organizations, not markets should be taken as our default assumption. We do so on information processing grounds. We distinguish between Zen and market Knowledge. The first is embodied and hard to articulate and the second abstract-symbolic. In human evolution, the first type of knowledge came first, and, on any pragmatic definition of knowledge, it still incorporates most of what we mean by the term. We take codification and abstraction as the two data processing activities that lead to the articulation of knowledge into an abstract-symbolic form. We develop a conceptual framework, the Information-Space (I-Space) to show how far the articulation of knowledge leads to its being shared. Whereas an unlimited sharing of information and knowledge leads to market-oriented outcomes, a more limited sharing leads to organizational outcomes. A market-oriented economics has tended to look to physics for its models; the field of organization theory has tended to look to biology. A more organization-oriented economics would thus look more to biology for its models.     

Abstraction and product categories as explanatory variables for food consumption

This study sets out to explore variation in the consumer choice structure in relation to three types of products with different levels of search, experience and credence attributes. The decision structures of rice, wine and functional food (experience, search and credence products) consumers were explored by means of laddering. The results suggest the presence of an emotional component in foods that increases in complexity (becomes more abstract) with the number of credence attributes. The findings recommend adjusting the complexity of advertising campaigns and product positioning to the type of product being promoted.     

由后现代文化思潮研究引起的对商标艺术设计格调的思考

当代的商标艺术设计,在后现代文化思潮的影响下,呈现出多样化的设计格调,由此引发了对商标艺术设计格调的思考.     

五味子木脂素提取分离研究进展

介绍了五味子木脂素常规提取技术、超声波提取、微波萃取、分离、纯化和含量测定的新技术;分析了有规模应用潜力的提取分离新技术。     

劳动价值论争论与马克思的研究方法

在劳动价值论的争论中,劳动价值论的现实性和逻辑一致性受到了质疑,相应的辩护意见的一个重要依据是马克思从抽象到具体的研究方法,马克思关于政治经济学正确的研究方法的表述和<资本论>的论证结构为这种辩护提供了支持.但是,马克思在政治经济学研究中所亲身实践的并非从抽象到具体的研究方法,而是从具体到抽象再到具体的研究方法.依据前一种研究方法,马克思政治经济学的整体逻辑一致性是劳动价值论取舍的标准;依据后一种研究方法,实践才是真正的判别标准.     

视频场景切分算法研究

针对RGB彩色空间模型下统计直方图用于切分场景时,存在对内容变化不敏感、计算量大等问题,提出了一种基于HSV空间模型的视频场景切分方法。该方法将图像帧的RGB转换为相对应的HSV值,然后对H、S、V进行非等间隔量化,再合成为一维特征矢量。计算视频前后两帧图像的一维特征矢量直方图,求出它们的相似度,从而判断出是否发生了场景切换。     

象的形式：无锡太湖科技园中央 商务区景观设计评析

从符号学角度研究风景园林设计语言具有指导性、探索性的意义，中国“象”的概念为非言语的设计语言提供了新的思路。从“象”的形式出发，以无锡太湖科技园中央商务区景观设计为例，探讨抽象形式与地方意象在风景园林设计实践中的结合，从图式思维、几何原型和空间形态3个层面详细解析了德国瓦伦丁事务所的设计语言。通过讨论指出设计语言的形式介于抽象与具象之间，意象的获取不局限于抽象的方法。     

关于数学的本质及数学本质中的根本矛盾

数学以纯粹形态的量的关系和空间形式为对象,它的概念、结论、方法都是反映现实世界的。指出了数学本质中的根本矛盾。客观实践的需求与数学内在的矛盾是推动数学发展的动力。