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1.
We argue that multinationals from different home countries have different technologies and input sourcing behavior. These differences impinge on potential productivity spillovers through backward linkages of multinationals and such effects also differ across host local firms depending on their absorptive capacity. Using a panel of Cameroonian manufacturing firms over the period 1993 to 2005, we find supportive evidence of these arguments. There is a negative relationship between the presence of American and European affiliates in downstream sectors and the productivity of Cameroonian firms in the supplying industries and a positive correlation in the case of Asian affiliates. The absorptive capacity of Cameroonian firms mainly explains these divergent results.  相似文献   
2.
2010年开始,向基层赋权作为行政体制改革的重要内容在全国范围铺开。从权力义务视角对其进行研究有现实的必要性。赋权的核心是行政权力的转移,以权力转移过程中涉及的诸要素为切入点,可以分析出多重权力关系和有关主体在其中的权力义务。在此基础上,通过保障行政相对人对于赋权的参与权、设计上级行政机关实施赋权的制度、消除上级行政机关赋权的依据问题和设计基层行政机关行使权力的制度等方式完善向基层赋权,既使行政机关能够有效推进行政体制改革,又能对行政权进行有效规范、保障行政相对人权利。  相似文献   
3.
矿产资源保障能力不仅是矿产资源开发利用程度对国家经济发展支撑能力的反映,也是资源安全程度的重要体现。为了科学地分析评价我国矿产资源保障能力,文章从资源禀赋、国内供需、国际市场三方面构建矿产资源保障能力指标体系,形成包含三类基本指标十种要素指标的体系框架,建立熵权TO P S IS模型矿产资源保障能力评价方法,并以锰矿为例,对我国锰矿资源保障能力进行评价与分析。结果表明,2009—2018年我国锰矿资源保障能力经历了较安全、基本安全、较危险三个阶段,总体呈下降趋势。  相似文献   
4.
To address the challenge of global tourism resources being overloaded or underutilization, there requires an adequate method for assessing the tourism resource carrying capacity (TRCC). However, the majority of previous evaluation perspectives on TRCC are limited by thresholds. This paper develops an innovative approach for assessing TRCC from the “load-carrier” perspective. TRCC is assessed by exploring the interaction between the carriers and loads of tourism resources. Chongqing city in China is employed as the case city to demonstrate the application of the established TRCC method. The conclusions are as follows: 1) This study elaborates the new connotation of TRCC from the perspective of “load-carrier”, and establishes the TRCC evaluation system based on the dynamic relationship between the carrier and load of tourism resources. 2) The proposed TRCC evaluation method is proved effective through an empirical study of Chongqing. 3) Chongqing's case unveils that the overload performance of TRCC can be dynamically monitored and predicted. By applying the TRCC evaluation methodology developed in this study, tourism managers and policymakers can identify whether it is the load or the carrier of tourism resources that affect the performance of TRCC, thereby taking targeted policy measures to eliminate potential risks of overload or underutilization.  相似文献   
5.
粮食主产区耕地健康产能评价 ——以河南省温县为例   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
研究目的:探寻适合中国新时代耕地产能评价的新理论与方法,界定耕地健康产能内涵,构建评价指标体系,并应用河南省温县验证。研究方法:基于"需求—功能—维度—要素—指标"理论框架,构建耕地健康产能评价指标体系,运用综合算法、"1+X"累加模型法、图层叠加法定量评价耕地健康产能。研究结果:(1)温县耕地产能和耕地健康诊断结果地域分异特征明显,以青峰岭为界,北部耕地产能和健康状况较南部好;(2)耕地健康产能整体状况良好,乡镇间差异明显;(3)耕地健康产能结果更多取决于耕地健康诊断,主要受耕地生产环境和耕地系统弹性影响。研究结论:耕地健康产能评价指标体系和评价方法有应用性。  相似文献   
6.
Farmers in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta face a wide range of climate-related and hydrological factors which threaten rice production. Smallholder farmers must adapt to climate change to sustain rice production as their central and most important livelihood activity. A sample was stratified across agro-ecological areas in the Delta affected by flooding, alluvial soils, acid sulphate soils, and saline water intrusion and by derived farmer typologies. A rural livelihoods approach was used in focus group discussions and in-depth interviews to identify and enumerate enabling and constraining adaptation factors. Smallholders experienced diverse natural hazards such as floods, abnormal rains, high temperatures, water scarcity, and salinity intrusion specific to the agro-ecological areas. Adaptation was constrained by labour shortages, water quality, topography, access to combine harvesters, transportation infrastructure, dryers and household savings. Adaptation was enabled by farming techniques and experience, cooperative groups, water quantity, access to information, and ability to purchase agro-chemicals through credit. Small farmers (< 1?ha) were more constrained than large farmers (> 1?ha) who had an expanded livelihood asset base. A range of policy implications are discussed, but adaptation is not just about technological fixes but requires overall improvements in a range of human, social and financial components.  相似文献   
7.
Supplier development for sustainability is a critical element of sustainable supply chain management and requires extensive multi‐stakeholder collaboration. This article establishes a conceptual four‐stage framework to analyse the collaborative mechanisms of supplier development practices, and presents an exploratory, qualitative analysis to identify the major contributors of sustainable supplier development practices, such as NGOs, industrial associations, consulting firms etc. Based on semi‐structured interviews about 63 organizations from different regions and industries, this article identifies three types of contributor: drivers, facilitators and inspectors. Instead of traditional stakeholder engagement processes, these contributors actively collaborate with buying firms and suppliers to design, implement and evaluate sustainable supplier development programs. The article then provides a matrix to describe the supply chain coverage and supplier performance of supplier development practices, given the absence or positive involvement of facilitators and inspectors. We conclude our study by suggesting future research directions as well as discussing managerial implications. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment  相似文献   
8.
采用我国28个省(直辖市、自治区)1993~2012年的面板数据,以电信基础设施为门槛变量,运用门槛模型,探讨人力资本与区域创新能力之间的非线性关系。研究结果表明:我国人力资本与区域创新能力之间存在电信基础设施双门槛效应,电信基础设施门槛值分别为4.031和4.552。我国人力资本对区域创新能力的影响并不是线性的,人力资本仅仅在电信基础设施完善的地区对区域创新能力产生重要影响。  相似文献   
9.
历史城区是城市区域中历史建筑保存最为完整、环境特色最为鲜明的区域。在城市更新的过程中,如何在保护历史建筑及环境的基础上,限定城区的合理容量是历史城区保护的核心任务。以哈尔滨南岗历史城区为例,结合城市设计理论及视觉景观分析方法,选定视觉景观控制要素,建立以景中视点与景外视点2个层级控制的分析框架,采取定性与定量分析相结合的方式对历史城区的容量进行评定,并从建筑高度和容积率指标方面对历史城区容量进行控制引导。  相似文献   
10.
If companies rely strongly on internal R&D and existing networks their ability to introduce radical innovations may suffer. Opening up to new idea sources may provide a solution. Incumbent companies, however, often suffer from the tendency to reject radical ideas from unusual sources. This study investigates how social integration mechanisms (SIMs; coordination, socialisation, and systems mechanisms) influence an incumbent steel company’s absorptive capacity (AC). A micro-level analysis of two radical ideas from unusual sources contributes to AC and radical innovation literatures by exploring relationships between SIMs and four AC capabilities (acquisition, assimilation, transformation, and exploitation). The findings suggest that AC capabilities are context-specific with respect to innovation novelty and idea source. The results emphasise the negative sides of socialisation and formalisation mechanisms, and the positive effects of coordination mechanisms on the AC capabilities in such high uncertainty contexts.  相似文献   
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