高效液相色谱法同时测定食用油中7种抗氧化剂的方法研究

本研究利用高效液相色谱同时测定食用油中没食子酸丙酯(PG)、没食子酸月桂酯(DG)、没食子酸辛酯(OG)、叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)、叔丁基对羟基茴香醚(BHA)、2,6-二叔丁基对甲基苯酚(BHT)、2,6-二叔丁基-4-羟甲基苯酚(Ionox-100)7种抗氧化剂的测定方法,样品中的抗氧化剂经正己烷溶解、乙腈萃取后,经C18柱分离,乙腈-1.5%乙酸溶液体系为流动相进行梯度洗脱,紫外检测器检测,外标法定量。选择线性范围在1~100mg/L,结果表明7种抗氧化剂呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r大于0.999,方法的测定低限为0.8~2.0mg/kg,回收率在89.3%~110.1%,变异系数在1.5%~4.9%。该方法准确、快速、重现性好,可用于大批量食用油检测中7种抗氧化剂的定量分析。     

超微红茶粉的理化性质和抗氧化活性的研究

本文采用超微粉碎技术制备超微红茶粉,研究超微粉碎时间对红茶粉末的显微结构、功能特性、流动性及抗氧化活性的影响。结果表明,超微粉碎改善了红茶的理化性质,增加了功效成分溶出率,提高了其抗氧化活性,其中20 min粉碎时间制得的超微红茶粉理化性质变化显著,30 min粉碎时间制得的超微红茶粉抗氧化活性较强。     

Exenatide BID and liraglutide QD treatment patterns among type 2 diabetes patients in Germany

Abstract

Objectives:

This study evaluated patient and prescriber characteristics, treatment patterns, average daily dose (ADD), and glycemic control of patients initiating glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in Germany.

Methods:

The LifeLink? EMR-EU database was searched to identify patients initiating exenatide twice daily (BID) or liraglutide once daily (QD) during the index period (January 1, 2009–April 4, 2010). Eligible patients had ≥180 days pre-index history, ≥90 days post-index follow-up, and a pre-index type 2 diabetes diagnosis. Univariate tests were conducted at α?=?0.05.

Results:

Six hundred and ninety-two patients were included (exenatide BID 292, liraglutide QD 400): mean (SD) age 59 (10) years, 59% male. Diabetologists prescribed liraglutide QD to a larger share of patients (65% vs 35% exenatide BID) than non-diabetologists (51% vs 49%). GLP-1 receptor agonist choice was not associated with age (p?=?0.282), gender (p?=?0.960), number of pre-index glucose-lowering medications (2.0 [0.9], p?=?0.159), pre-index HbA1c (8.2 [1.5%], p?=?0.231) or Charlson Comorbidity Index score (0.45 [0.78], p?=?0.547). Mean (SD) ADD was 16.7?mcg (9.2, label range 10–20?mcg) for exenatide BID and 1.4?mg (0.7, label range 0.6–1.8?mg) for liraglutide QD. Among patients with post-index HbA1c tests, mean unadjusted values did not differ between cohorts. Exenatide BID patients were more likely than liraglutide QD patients to continue pre-index glucose-lowering medications (67.1% vs 60.3%, p?=?0.027) or to start concomitant glucose-lowering medications at index (32.2% vs 25.0%, p?=?0.013); exenatide BID patients were less likely to augment treatment with another drug post-index (15.8% vs 22.5%, p?=?0.027).

Limitations:

Results may not be generalizable. Lab measures for clinical outcomes were available only for a sub-set of patients.

Conclusions:

Results suggested that some differences exist between patients initiating exenatide BID or liraglutide QD, with respect to prescribing physician specialty and pre- and post-index treatment patterns. Both GLP-1 receptor agonists showed comparable post-index HbA1c values in a sub-set of patients.     

不同处理对梨酵素抗氧化活性的影响

本实验以新鲜的宁陵金顶谢花酥梨为原料,通过自然发酵、酵母菌发酵、乳酸菌发酵制作梨酵素,对比切丁处理和打浆处理对梨酵素发酵过程中理化指标和抗氧化活性的影响。结果表明,切丁处理后,酵母菌发酵优于自然发酵和乳酸菌发酵,梨酵素的还原力为2.40,多酚含量为35.57 mg·mL^-1,羟自由基清除率为90.35%,DPPH自由基清除率为81.31%,ABTS自由基清除率为92.17%。打浆处理后,自然发酵比菌种发酵效果好,酵素液的还原力为2.36,多酚含量为34.81 mg·mL^-1,羟自由基清除率为88.89%,DPPH自由基清除率为80.17%,ABTS自由基清除率为91.74%。     

新疆狭叶薰衣草总黄酮的抗氧化活性研究

本实验通过四个实验:还原力测定实验、清除超氧阴离子实验、清除羟基自由基实验,清除DPPH实验,对新疆狭叶薰衣草总黄酮的抗氧化活性进行了综合评价。实验结果表明,薰衣草总黄酮具有较强的抗氧化活性,作为多功能的抗氧化剂,应用前景非常广泛。     

植物甾醇对油脂的抗氧化作用研究

目的:探讨植物甾醇对油脂的抗氧化作用。方法:以花生油为对象,采用高温诱导其发生脂质过氧化反应,以过氧化值和酸价为指标,并与二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)和VC进行比较,研究了植物甾醇对油脂的抗氧化作用。结果:植物甾醇可有效地延缓油脂脂质过氧化反应,抑制油脂酸价和过氧化值的升高,其抗氧化作用明显优于BHT和VC。结论:植物甾醇是一种天然、安全、高效的油脂抗氧化剂。     

Comparative evaluation of treatment patterns and healthcare utilization of newly-diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients by anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody status

Background: Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody positivity is an established diagnostic factor for severe disease activity and joint damage and a prognostic factor for aggressive disease in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Objective: To compare RA-related treatment, healthcare utilization, and joint erosion between anti-CCP-positive and anti-CCP-negative RA patients.

Methods: Newly-diagnosed RA patients were identified from the Henry Ford Health System database between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2014; the date of the first RA diagnosis within the study period was the index date. Baseline anti-CCP test was used to categorize patients as anti-CCP-positive or anti-CCP-negative, and outcomes were evaluated in the 6 months post-index.

Results: There were 217 anti-CCP-positive and 191 anti-CCP-negative RA patients included in the study. A higher proportion of anti-CCP-positive patients were initiated on RA treatment than anti-CCP-negative patients (70.5% vs 23.0%; p?<?.0001). More anti-CCP-positive patients received methotrexate (73.2% vs 56.8%; p?=?.0374), while more anti-CCP-negative patients received hydroxychloroquine (31.8% vs 13.1%; p?=?.0037) in first-line therapy. A higher proportion of anti-CCP-negative patients were tested for rheumatoid factor (RF) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Of those tested, there were more positive test results in the anti-CCP-positive cohort compared to the anti-CCP-negative cohort (RF: 84.4% vs 18.2%, p?<?.0001; C-reactive protein [CRP]: 69.7% vs 48.3%, p?=?.0008; and ESR: 89.5% vs 53.9%, p?<?.0001). Outpatient utilization predominated, with more anti-CCP-positive patients having any outpatient physician office visit (96.3% vs 77.5%, p?<?.0001) and a higher mean number of visits (5.3 vs 2.5, p?<?.0001) than anti-CCP-negative patients. Among anti-CCP-positive (n?=?113) and anti-CCP-negative (n?=?58) patients with imaging results, more anti-CCP-positive patients had joint erosion compared to anti-CCP-negative patients (18.6% vs 8.6%; p?=?.0858); however, statistical significance was not reached.

Conclusion: RA patients with positive anti-CCP antibodies had higher degrees of inflammation and disease activity as indicated by laboratory results, which likely contributed to their higher rates of healthcare utilization, joint erosion, and proportions of RA treatment.     

柑橘黄酮的含量与功效分析

柑橘中含有丰富的柑橘黄酮,且一般以糖基化苷的形式存在,其中黄烷酮的含量最多。从植物中提取的柑橘黄酮是纯天然物质,其中含有多种有效成分,本文就其抗氧化、抑菌、抗炎、抗癌及预防心血管疾病等功效进行了论述。     

玫瑰红枣牛初乳冻干粉的研制及其抗氧化活性研究

以玫瑰花预处理沉淀物、红枣浓缩汁、低聚果糖和赤藓糖醇为主要研究对象,以感官得分为评价指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验方法确定玫瑰红枣牛初乳冻干粉的最佳配方,并进一步测定玫瑰红枣牛初乳冻干粉对DPPH自由基、超氧阴离子自由基和对羟基自由基的清除率,评价玫瑰红枣牛初乳冻干粉抗氧化活性.结果表明,玫瑰花预处理沉淀物的最佳添加量为2.5％,红枣浓缩汁的最佳添加量为5％,低聚果糖的最佳添加量为7.5％,赤藓糖醇的最佳添加量为17.5％,因此,玫瑰红枣牛初乳冻干粉的最佳配方为玫瑰花174.8％,红枣浓缩汁5％,N-乙酰神经氨酸5％,透明质酸钠2％,胶原蛋白肽40％,弹性蛋白0.2％,雨生红球藻5％,低聚果糖7.5％,复配营养强化剂(维生素C+维生素E+烟酸+麦芽糊精)1％,赤藓糖醇17.5％,生鲜牛初乳138.8％.体外抗氧化试验得到玫瑰红枣牛初乳冻干粉对O2-、DPPH和·OH的清除率分别为77.41％、87.68％和57.13％,显著高于对照组(P<0.05),可见玫瑰红枣牛初乳冻干粉具有抗氧化活性,为深度开发牛初乳冻干粉新方向提供参考.     

橡胶助剂现状和发展趋势

本文介绍了国内外橡胶助剂的生产、消费和技术现状,并提出了我国橡胶助剂的发展趋势。