“Autonomous,yet Connected”: An esthetic principle explaining our appreciation of product designs

Esthetic principles describe the levels or combination of design dimensions that are esthetically appreciated. Current principles focus on dimensions connected to product design itself (e.g., unity and variety) or dimensions that refer to a product design's relationship to other product designs (e.g., typicality and novelty). However, product design also has a social significance—they help consumers shape their identity—and this social dimension has hitherto been overlooked in research on esthetic appreciation. In this paper, we propose and investigate the social esthetic principle “Autonomous, yet Connected.” In four studies, we show that a product's design leads to the highest esthetic appreciation if it strikes an optimal balance between nurturing the two seemingly opposite needs for connectedness and autonomy. Further, we show how conditions of safety and risk moderate the effects of the principle, which suggests our principle may have evolutionary grounding.     

PITFALLS IN CROSS‐SECTION STUDIES WITH INTEGRATED REGRESSORS: A SURVEY AND NEW DEVELOPMENTS

In cross‐section studies, if the dependent variable is I(0) but the regressor is I(1), the true slope must be zero in the resulting “unbalanced regression.” A spuriously significant relationship may be found in large cross‐sections, however, if the integrated regressor is related to a stationary variable that enters the DGP but is omitted from the regression. The solution is to search for the related stationary variable, in some cases the first difference of the integrated regressor, in other cases, a categorical variable that can take on limited number of values which depend on the integrated variable. We present an extensive survey, new developments, and applications particularly in finance.     

人民币升值 安徽如何应对

我国已进入人民币持续升值阶段,这将对我国国民经济方方面面产生影响。安徽作为中部欠发达省份,也将受到重大影响。本文针对安徽经济的现状,探讨人民币升值对安徽经济的影响,并有针对性地就安徽经济如何面对人民币升值提出一些建议。     

慎待人民币汇率升值

人民币目前存在升值的内外压力，这是事实、人民币升值也的确能够带来某些好处，但是权衡起来，升值的弊端更大我们目前要采取这样措施，它们对中国经济发展和改革没有明显的消极影响，又在一定程度上能够缓解要求人民币升值的内外压力，并且这些措施能够为中国今后外贸的进一步发展和外汇管理体制的进一步改革创造有利条件。     

人民币汇率制度改革:影响与稳定性

近年来,人民币汇率问题一直是各方面争论的焦点。现在,人民币汇率升值2%,并且不再盯住单一美元,而是参考“一篮子货币”定值。由于人民币汇率调整幅度比较小,所以,短期内会对我国经济产生一定的影响,从长期来看,影响比较小。人民币汇率水平,短期内是会保持比较稳定,但长期来看又存在着值得注意的问题。     

新型汇率机制下人民币升值压力累积与释放之选择

目前人民币仍面临由自身价值提高、篮子货币贬值和市场升值预期复合而成的多重升值压力。面对压力,有名义升值、实际升值和压力累积等三种政策方案可供选择。从成本收益量化比较来看,名义升值净成本最低。因此,应在不超过升值压力幅度的范围内允许人民币名义汇率继续缓升,并采取相应的配套措施,以消除货币低估,实现内外均衡。     

央行外汇市场干预与协调国内货币政策

我国央行的汇率政策目标已演变成稳定汇率的单一目标,央行频繁地对外汇市场进行冲销干预,使人民币对美元的名义汇率处于超稳定状态,这种汇率政策的施行与国内货币政策目标可能协调,也可能发生冲突。国家应采取综合治理的办法,提高人民币汇率波动的弹性,大力发展债券市场回购,以加强对基础货币的调控     

人民币升值压力的国际贸易根源及其化解

论述人民币升值压力的背景,从中国国际收支出现三顺差,日美对人民币施加压力的实质原因,以及要求人民币升值的政治因素三方面来阐述。然后就中国贸易四个方面的扭曲所引致的一系列的贸易效应及其对汇率产生的影响进行分析,并针对这些贸易扭曲提出相应对策,使之用来化解人民币升值的压力。     

人民币汇率变动趋势及其影响

根据中国经济增长、国际收支状况和PPP理论,人民币汇率长期呈升值趋势。2005年7月,政府在恰当的时机选择实施了恰当的小步渐进式调整方案,短期内对投机外汇流入、对外贸易、引进外资和对外投资、国内物价和金融稳定产生一定的趋势性影响。     

新媒体时代建构主义在音乐鉴赏中的价值研究

建构主义在新媒体时代的应用模式不断得到创新。本文结合新媒体技术的特点,深入剖析建构主义理论在音乐鉴赏课程教学中的重要价值。