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1.
A moral hazard model is used to show why overly optimistic revenue forecasts prior to elections can be optimal: Opportunistic governments can increase spending and appear more competent; ex post deficits emerge in election years, thereby producing political forecast cycles – as also found for US states in the empirical literature. Additionally, we obtain three theoretical results which are tested with panel data for Portuguese municipalities. The extent of manipulations is reduced when (i) the winning margin is expected to widen; (ii) the incumbent is not re-running; and/or (iii) the share of informed voters (proxied by education) goes up. 相似文献
2.
节能环保企业是节能环保技术创新的重要主体,通过构建理论模型,以上海89家企业数据为基础,就开放式创新对节能环保企业创新绩效的影响进行实证分析。研究发现,节能环保企业对开放式创新具有较强的依赖性,但开放式创新对节能环保企业创新同时具有促进效应和替代效应,外部知识互动提升了节能环保企业创新绩效,也可能导致外部技术依赖;开放式创新在技术开发和创新成果转化上的影响存在差异,节能环保企业应结合不同创新阶段和企业自身特征有效开展外部创新合作;开放式创新需建立在企业内部创新投入的基础之上,节能环保企业应重视内部创新投入与外部技术消化吸收,实现内外部创新要素叠加。 相似文献
3.
基于2005—2018年中国内地285个地级市数据,对城市科技人才集聚与全要素生产率(简称“TFP”)进行测度分析,实证考察科技人才集聚对TFP的影响。结果表明:①城市科技人才集聚与TFP空间分异特征显著,但二者具有较强的时空一致性,即科技人才集聚特征显著的城市,其TFP也相对稳定;②城市科技人才集聚对TFP的影响呈倒U型,但研究期内大多数城市仍处于集聚效应占主导阶段,科技人才集聚通过提升城市技术进步水平促进TFP增长,而科技人才集聚对技术效率的影响呈倒U型;③不同类型城市科技人才集聚对其TFP影响的异质性显著,且适宜集聚区间也存在差异。省会城市及一、二线城市等优势特征显著的城市所能承受的科技人才集聚规模上限更高,有利于通过释放集聚红利促进TFP增长,而非省会城市、三线及以下城市等则拐点值较低。 相似文献
4.
完善创新生态系统、提升区域创新能力是我国科技企业孵化器建设的重要目标。基于2013-2018年中国(内地)30个省份面板数据,采用面板数据模型实证检验科技企业孵化器是否促进了区域创新能力提升,并基于中介效应模型探讨风险投资和孵化基金在其中的间接作用。结果发现:①科技企业孵化器建设显著提升了区域创新水平,但主要增加的是实用新型和外观设计专利申请授权数总量,对发明专利申请授权数并没有显著促进作用。上述结果在剔除直辖市样本、采用随机效应模型及空间计量模型的稳健性检验后依然成立;②通过中介效应模型检验发现,区域风险投资和孵化基金集聚效应是科技企业孵化器影响区域创新水平的主要机制;③科技企业孵化器对区域创新的影响在不同区域间差异较大,在东部地区的创新激励效应更加显著,而且政策工具强度对科技企业孵化器与区域创新水平的关系具有正向调节作用。 相似文献
5.
We examine the effect of a regulator-led advocate for minority shareholders on merger and acquisition (M&A) performance in China. In recent years, the China Securities Regulatory Commission established the China Securities Investor Services Center (CSISC), which began its ownership of 100 shares of public firms in 2016. The CSISC advocates for the interests of minority shareholders proactively. Focusing on abnormal stock returns in M&A announcements, we find that acquirers that have the CSISC as a shareholder (CSISC acquirers) exhibit higher positive abnormal stock returns than non-CSISC acquirers. Cross-sectional analysis suggests that the core results are mainly driven by firms with severe agency problems and weak external/internal monitoring, and those not controlled by the state. In addition, we find that CSISC acquirers have better long-term performance and encounter more M&A failures than non-CSISC acquirers. Our findings indicate that although the CSISC only holds 100 shares of listed companies, it plays an effective role in monitoring and driving firms to make appropriate M&A decisions. 相似文献
6.
《Business Horizons》2022,65(5):547-557
The legal and compliance departments in organizations have more influence than ever before. Why then are companies so vulnerable to legal liability? The problem may not be with talented legal professionals, but with the lack of legal knowledge held by MBAs and other business school graduates that make day-to-day decisions in modern organizations. Firms can close this knowledge gap and minimize legal liability by training their managers in legal astuteness—the ability of a manager to address legal issues successfully—by instilling four essential traits: respecting the rule of law, recognizing legal issues, resolving problems proactively, and reporting complex legal issues to experts. Job candidates should also be screened for traits of legal astuteness. A legally astute candidate, especially a graduate of a business school that requires legal education for all its students, can be a cultural ambassador for legal astuteness and a valuable liaison between legal and compliance departments and the candidate’s functional area. A legally ignorant candidate will require significant training and a frank assessment of the legal risk they bring to the organization. Modern firms in today’s legal environment face two choices: hire a legally astute manager now or deal with a compliance headache later. 相似文献
7.
8.
我国粮食产后损失情况概述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文系统分析了粮食产后各环节损失的原因及损失量,针对相关粮食损失原因及状况,提出了减少粮食产后损失的措施及建议,以期为我国实现节粮减损提供支持。 相似文献
9.
In this paper, we document the lesser-known heterogeneous trends of college/non-college earnings premium across age groups from 1995 to 2013 in China. Specifically, the college premium in 2013 for the younger group (age 25–34) was about 30 percentage points, similar to the level in 1995, while the college premium in 2013 for the older group (age 45–54) increased to 50 percentage points, nearly double that of 1995. To attribute these divergent trends of the college premium to the changes in the relative size of college workers, we use the model by Card and Lemieux (2001), which incorporates imperfect substitution between similarly educated workers in different age cohorts. Due to the distinctions of these trends in China, our identification is free of the overestimation issue that the existing studies suffer. Our results are similar to those in the U.S., U.K., Canada, and Japan. Holding the age cohort and survey year constant, a one unit increase in log relative size of college workers is associated with about 10 percentage points decrease in college/non-college premium and about 18 percentage points decrease in college/high school premium. We further find that the negative effect is much more substantial among the new entrants (age 25–29) than experienced workers (age 30–54). By this pattern, we demonstrate that the new labor market entrants are more sensitive to their own cohort size and argue that the confounding ability composition effect should not be a serious issue. 相似文献
10.