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1.
This article examines non-farm employment in the context of Chinese rural institutional change, based on evidence from discrete-time logistic models for event history analysis using the Life History and Social Change survey. We find the transition to non-farm sector rose rapidly during the Great Leap Forward and market reform, while the Cultural Revolution saw it reach the lowest ebb. While male advantage prevailed exclusively during the Cultural Revolution and early marketization, education possessed a stable positive effect in all historical periods. Although the returns to different kinds of political capital vary along with institutional dynamics, intergenerational reproduction was greatly reduced after the Cultural Revolution.  相似文献   
2.
To address the challenge of global tourism resources being overloaded or underutilization, there requires an adequate method for assessing the tourism resource carrying capacity (TRCC). However, the majority of previous evaluation perspectives on TRCC are limited by thresholds. This paper develops an innovative approach for assessing TRCC from the “load-carrier” perspective. TRCC is assessed by exploring the interaction between the carriers and loads of tourism resources. Chongqing city in China is employed as the case city to demonstrate the application of the established TRCC method. The conclusions are as follows: 1) This study elaborates the new connotation of TRCC from the perspective of “load-carrier”, and establishes the TRCC evaluation system based on the dynamic relationship between the carrier and load of tourism resources. 2) The proposed TRCC evaluation method is proved effective through an empirical study of Chongqing. 3) Chongqing's case unveils that the overload performance of TRCC can be dynamically monitored and predicted. By applying the TRCC evaluation methodology developed in this study, tourism managers and policymakers can identify whether it is the load or the carrier of tourism resources that affect the performance of TRCC, thereby taking targeted policy measures to eliminate potential risks of overload or underutilization.  相似文献   
3.
党的十九届五中全会提出了到2035年人均GDP达到中等发达国家水平的远景目标,因此测算和回答能否和如何如期实现该目标,对于我国实现第二个百年奋斗目标和坚持“四个自信”具有重要的意义。为此,本文根据跨越和陷入“中等收入陷阱”经济体的发展经验,对2021—2035年我国潜在增长率变化进行了测算。一是参照跨越和陷入“中等收入陷阱”经济体在我国相同发展阶段时各主要生产要素的变化,模拟设定我国未来各主要生产要素的增长率;二是通过运用附加人力资本的增长核算模型测算基准、乐观和悲观三种不同情境下未来我国经济的潜在增长率,验证我国2035年发展目标实现的可能性;三是依据主要要素对潜在增长率的贡献度,提出我国如期实现2035年发展目标的相应政策建议。  相似文献   
4.
Due to the popularity of online travel agency (OTA) booking platforms, OTAs display diverse information, including features of products, on their websites. Based on choice architecture literature, this study aimed to examine the effect of product quality and price sorting (vs. non-sorting) on extreme option choice aversion and identify the moderating effect of displays that made it difficult to read information. The results of a series of four experimental studies (total n = 2838 online panel members) demonstrated that the tendency to choose the non-extreme or middle-attributed options was stronger when quality and price were displayed sorted (vs. non-sorted). It was theorized that easy comparison of multiple options leads to decision-making. The positive effect of quality and price sorting on extreme option choice aversion was significantly reduced when customers had difficulty reading the displayed information.  相似文献   
5.
Soaring levels of public debt in low-income countries are fuelling concerns about their ability to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, such as free access to primary education. In the late 1990s and 2000s, international financial institutions introduced a series of debt relief initiatives aimed to restore debt sustainability among highly indebted countries. This study examines the impact of these initiatives on primary school attendance. We exploit the temporal variation in the implementation of these policies, in combination with individual-level data from 177 Demographic and Health Surveys covering more than 1.5 million school-age children from 44 low-income countries to implement difference-in-differences and spatial difference-in-discontinuity estimators. Results suggest that debt relief initiatives, by freeing up additional public resources, have significantly contributed to increasing primary school attendance in heavily indebted countries. Impact heterogeneity analysis also shows that debt relief has been effective at reducing wealth-based, intergenerational, religious, ethnic and spatial inequalities in education. Our results provide robust evidence to assert that debt relief, in combination with other financing sources, can contribute to improving educational outcomes in highly indebted poor countries.  相似文献   
6.
To lead effectively in a VUCA (i.e., volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous) environment, leaders must quickly and continuously acquire new skills. However, formal development opportunities aren’t nearly enough to support the ongoing skill development leaders need to manage the level of complexity and change they are facing. Instead, leaders must take ownership of their own development. In this paper, we describe a straightforward, four-step process that leaders can implement to pursue their individualized development through leader development planning. Specifically, we walk leaders through the evidence-based steps of creating their unique leader development plan (LDP), including (1) identifying their leadership strengths and weaknesses, (2) setting effective leader development goals, (3) designing SMART strategies, and (4) reflecting, refining, and realigning their plan. Throughout the article, we detail positive examples as well as common pitfalls that we observed from our work supporting 101 mid- to senior-level leaders in designing their LDPs. Our purpose in doing so is to provide tools and examples to enable leaders at all levels to drive their development at their own pace.  相似文献   
7.
以并购事件为联结,设置企业社会责任、企业价值等主要变量,实证检验转让方企业社会责任与并购完成后主并方企业社会责任之间、主并方企业社会责任与其企业价值之间、并购前转让方企业社会责任与并购后主并方企业价值之间等三对关系。结果显示,上述三对关系均为显著正相关,且在并购前转让方企业社会责任与并购完成后主并方企业价值之间的关系中,并购完成当年主并方企业社会责任起到中介作用。  相似文献   
8.
[目的]发展现代农业是促进我国经济社会快速发展的必然要求,结合当下现代化农业的发展情况,对黑龙江省农业综合开发进行评价,探讨多种农业发展的模式,为加快黑龙江省城镇化进程提供助力,为黑龙江省发展现代农业提供理论依据。[方法]通过实地调查法和文献查阅法对相关的研究内容进行汇总和分析。采用层次分析法(AHP)从基础资源设施、科技应用、生态建设、经济效益、政府管理、农村发展6个方面23个指标对黑龙江省农业综合开发进行评价,结合现代农业发展的趋势和黑龙江省农业业态配置情况,为黑龙江省未来农业发展模式提出建议。[结果]黑龙江省农业综合开发的评价指标体系中,生态建设和经济效益方面的权重值比较大,均为0.281 6;而农村发展、基础资源设施和政府管理水平有待提高。综合来看,黑龙江省农业综合开发整体较好,但是在其他方面存在发展不均衡的现象。[结论]黑龙江省农业综合开发进程良好,在农业发展中,基础资源设施、政府管理水平和农村发展水平都有待提高。今后,政府应该加强管理,重视生态文明建设,优化产业结构,发展"农业+生态"、"农业+旅游"、"农业+产业"等多种农业综合发展模式,促进黑龙江省农业更快速地发展,进而提升黑龙江省整体的城镇化水平。  相似文献   
9.
发展“绿色矿业”是人类进入生态文明社会的必然选择,绿色发展理念指导下的“绿色矿业”发展具有主旨统一性和实践多样性、国家主导性和企业渐进性,需要完善的理论指导、体系构建和政策支持。“绿色矿业”的运行体系是由相关主体(绿色政府、绿色企业、绿色社会、绿色市场)及其功能共同形成的网络结构,各主体多元化、多维度的相互作用共同促进“绿色矿业”的有序发展,最终实现“矿业经济发展、生态环境良好、发展成果共享”的目标。我国发展“绿色矿业”的实践取得了显著成效,各地不同的发展模式既有目标的同一性,又有方式的差异性。当前,我国“绿色矿业”发展还存在标准体系不健全、政策法规不完善、发展格局不协调、协同监管不到位等问题,需要进一步发挥政府的主导作用、企业的主体作用、行业协会及社会的协调支撑作用,并构建和优化“绿色矿业链”和“绿色矿业区域板块网络”,推动“绿色矿业”健康有序发展。  相似文献   
10.
采用博弈论的方法,考虑声誉效应对博弈双方效用、策略的影响,建立信号博弈模型,并分析精炼贝叶斯均衡,证明声誉水平、对声誉的态度以及技术市场价值的高低是影响建立合作关系的重要因素。探讨双方建立合作关系的行为策略,提出实现合作达成双赢的建议。  相似文献   
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