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1.
This research is trying to shed light on two myths that are usually widespread: the first one being the idea of the academic economist as a neutral scientist finding uncontestable consensual truths, thanks to uncontestable empirical methods, the second, the idea of the central banker as a Weberian neutral bureaucrat setting aside personal beliefs to act mechanically for the common good. Deconstructing this ‘neutrality illusion’, this work argues that economics is actually a divided and ideologically marked discipline despite its aim at natural-science-type-legitimacy. It argues in a related discussion that such ideological bias also impedes a purely neutral conduct of monetary policy, undermining the very idea of central bank independence. Linking these two arguments, it argues that graduate training in economics is the first place for the formation of biased preferences, because of the substantial ideological sorting that exists across universities. Using a unique database on FOMC members’ votes and ideology, the paper tests this idea empirically and despite unavoidable caveats, finds robust evidence of a systematic impact of the ideological features of their alma mater on FOMC members’ voting behaviour – impact that we found more important than the other traditional determinants of central bankers’ actions.  相似文献   
2.
ABSTRACT

Prospect theory is widely thought to be one of the best-confirmed accounts of human decision-making under risk. There are numerous claims in the literature that various kinds of nonexperimental, observational evidence provide strong support for prospect theory. We investigate the veracity of these claims using a set of philosophy of science morals and a careful delineation of models of choice under risk, focussing on the extant versions of prospect theory and their various components. We challenge the claim that prospect theory is well supported because it explains the equity premium puzzle. In addition, we analyse a major international survey thought to support prospect theory and argue that the support is questionable, both for statistical reasons and because the evidence itself is mixed. Our analyses highlight some important ideas in the philosophy of science and caution against strong claims about support for prospect theory that rely on nonexperimental, observational evidence.  相似文献   
3.
教育类企业具有轻资产性、服务滞后性、产品同质性三项特质,这些特质一方面导致了企业缺乏上市募集资金的动机,另一方面又促使企业上市以解决同消费者信息不对称的难题,降低消费者选择成本,提升企业财务绩效。研究发现:上市行为本身具有的品牌效应产生的正面作用,可以抵减盈余管理带来的负面作用,使得教育类企业新三板上市后业绩不再变脸。而将这一品牌效应剥离后发现,企业依然会出现业绩变脸,从而发展了基于盈余管理的IPO效应理论。进一步将教育类企业分成强弱特质两类,发现强特质教育类企业的上市行为可以更有效地促进财务绩效的提升,从而为延伸到其他具有教育类企业特质的行业提供了可能性。  相似文献   
4.
随着经济全球化的不断深入以及产品研发的不断创新,市场竞争日益激烈。企业为了维持稳定的发展,满足理论与实践共同发展的时代要求,发展企业核心竞争力十分必要。企业核心竞争力不仅包括研发、生产、加工等传统指标,而且包括在企业中时时刻刻影响着企业经营的管理哲学。海尔集团能在短短三十年间取得如今的成就,便是凭借其优秀的管理哲学。因此,探究海尔集团管理哲学在企业运营中产生的实践价值显得尤为重要。  相似文献   
5.
Abstract

HR managers have different beliefs about the nature, value, and instrumentality of talent—referred to as ‘talent philosophies’. In line with cognitive psychology, we reason that talent philosophies are similar to mental models that influence how HR managers interpret and use talent management (TM) practices within their organizations. In this article, we explore the prevalence of four different talent philosophies (exclusive/stable; exclusive/developable; inclusive/stable; inclusive/developable) in a sample of 321?HR managers. We then explore how talent philosophies relate to organizational context (i.e. size, ownership form, multinational orientation) as well as to HR managers’ perceptions of their organization’s TM practices. Cluster analysis corroborated the presence of the four talent philosophies in our dataset. All four talent philosophies were represented almost equally often in the overall dataset. Organizational size was found to be related to talent philosophies, such that HR managers who worked in smaller organizations were more likely to hold an inclusive talent philosophy. We also found support for the relationship between talent philosophies and perceptions of the exclusiveness or inclusiveness of the organization’s definition of talent, and its degree of workforce differentiation. Contrary to expectations, results did not support a link between talent philosophies and perceived talent identification criteria.  相似文献   
6.
在异质性企业理论框架下,引入教育供给因素,将其视为社会型基础设施与交通基础设施进行比较研究;通过合并基础设施数据与工业企业数据分析两类基础设施对企业出口的异质性影响。实证研究显示:不同类型基础设施对企业出口产生不同影响,其中地区教育供给对企业出口促进作用显著,交通基础设施对企业出口作用并不稳健;不同基础设施对沿海和内陆地区企业出口有差异化影响;在产业特征框架下,基础设施供给对密集使用某类基础设施的企业出口促进作用明显。地方政府应重视社会型基础设施的贸易促进作用,调整地区基础设施投资结构。  相似文献   
7.
实践观点是马克思主义哲学首要的和基本的观点,基于风险理性的财政改革要求必须以马克思主义科学实践观为指引。从哲学的角度来看,中国的财政改革要从“此岸世界”到“彼岸世界”,并无现成的模式可以借鉴,唯有通过实践来实现,就是要“摸着石头过河”。“摸着石头过河”的改革路径有一个很重要的做法是先试点后推广。渐进式改革是要根据客观实际的变化在一定的条件下逐步释放改革措施,这是基于马克思主义量变和质变原理的改革路径,增值税改革就是渐进式改革的典型案例。“否定之否定”原理说明适时变与不变应基于事物变化的情况特别是风险的变化来考虑。这一点在我国收费制度的改革中得到了充分体现。“矛盾的普遍性和特殊性”原理说明改革不能搞一刀切,这在我国财政体制改革推进过程中非常明显。“整体与局部的关系”是调动两个积极性的重要哲学基础。服务于国家治理目标的财政体制改革,应当继续坚持马克思主义哲学为指引,根据国家治理体系与治理能力现代化的新要求做出优化调整。  相似文献   
8.
Intelligent sharing bicycle has been a new fashion in China and appeals to more and more tourists. To better understand the experience of tourists traveling on sharing bicycle, this study explored the influence of perceived benefit of sharing bicycle on different perceived experiences, including escape, entertainment, esthetic and educational experiences. The relationships between these experiences and perceived satisfaction were also tested. An effective questionnaire survey was conducted for 296 tourists in Chengdu, China. The results of the study show that perceived benefit significantly relates to all the four dimensions of experience. However, only entertainment and esthetic experience seem to affect tourist satisfaction in this context. The relationship among educational experience, escape experience and tourist satisfaction are insignificant. Theoretical and practical implications of the study results are discussed for further research.  相似文献   
9.
鲁玮 《价值工程》2014,(9):231-232
多媒体教育技术的快速发展,对人类的生活产生了巨大影响。特别是在现代教育手段中的应用更是呈现出多姿多彩的局面,丰富了教育技术手段的种类,使教学效果的投入与产出得到了有效提升。  相似文献   
10.
陈梦 《价值工程》2015,(22):241-242
教育游戏类App在学科教学中应用,虽然早已被提出。但是通过调查发现,已有的一些教育游戏App一般只是起到了丰富学生课外活动的作用,知识很难系统的被学生接受理解运用。因此,本文通过对教育游戏相关理论和实践的研究,尝试通过对初中英语单词互动型游戏App的研发,能为英语游戏App在英语知识技能方面的应用研究提供参考。  相似文献   
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