Does the Gender Preference for Competition Affect Job Performance? Evidence from a Real Effort Experiment

Experimental evidence has documented that competition may enhance the performance of male subjects in some tasks when competition is imposed exogenously by the experimenter. This note describes data for a task where a simple agency relationship is established in the laboratory between two groups of agents, managers, and workers. The manager chooses from either the piece rate or tournament payment scheme for the worker. The results show that male performance decreases when the tournament is chosen for them by the manager and also suggests that the gender of the manager may be an important facet of the agency relationship. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

关于Matlab/Simulink课程实验教学的探析

Simulink是基于Matlab环境基础上的高性能系统仿真设计平台。Matlab/Simulink作为计算机专业的一门重要的选修课程,需加大其实验教学改革的力度,达到使学生既掌握理论知识、训练思维,同时又激发其学习兴趣的目的。本文主要就Matlab/Simulink课程的实验教学现状及趋势提出了一些教学方法的改革方案,旨在提高教学质量,加深学生对Matlab语言以及Simulink仿真应用的理解,增强学生实践能力和培养学生创新意识。     

密封胶在拉索索端结构中的应用研究

索端结构是拉索的防护薄弱环节,在索端结构中增加密封胶措施是索端密封的一次探索。选取了几种不同的密封胶分别与拉索聚乙烯护套进行粘结,对提高斜拉索的耐久性和安全性有一定的意义。     

运用计算机数据采集器研究太阳电池伏一安特性

文章从应用计算机通用数据采集器结合传统通用设备搭建自组实验平台，研究太阳电池伏一安特性实验．阐述该实验要解决的主要问题、问题解决方案和实验数据采集结果分析等设计环节及实施全过程。应用通用数据采集器搭建自组实验平台实验现象直接由计算机显示，实验数据导出为excel文档，利于数据处理、分析。既保留了传统仪器的所有功能，又增加了现代测量手段的自动采集、显示、分析功能，较传统实验方式灵活方便，且接近现代科研生产需要，培养学生把多种物理知识交叉使用来解决实际问题的动手能力。     

Risk Behaviours and Grazing Land Management: A Framed Field Experiment and Linkages to Range Land Condition

We use a framed field experiment considering hypothetical stocking rate decisions made by grazing enterprise managers and estimate non‐linear multinomial logit models for a range of nested non‐expected utility and expected utility models. The risk and decision‐bias parameters for five models estimated for individual responses are shown to be significantly related to land condition but in ways which suggest behavioural aspects of decision making are critical in understanding land management and stocking rate decisions. Our results show that individual heterogeneity in decision making amongst farming groups is likely to be a significant source of variation in farming intensity and technology adoption decisions. This heterogeneity does not appear to be a reflection of socio‐demographic characteristics. Furthermore, decision functions appear to be biased toward selection of simpler representative functions (e.g. Expected Utility) for sample averages. This suggests that experimental findings that Expected Utility is representative for actual decisions may be due to sample averaging rather than reflect actual behaviour.     

社会公平感与税收遵从的实验分析

本文通过实验的方法来检验社会公平感与税收遵从之间的关系。实验的结果支持并且验证了"如果纳税人是不公平的受害者,那么其税收遵从水平会下降;如果他是不公平的受益者,则其税收遵从水平会提高"这个假设。同时实验结果还表明,同等程度不公平感对不公平的受害者的税收遵从的影响大于对受益者的影响。据此,本文提出了相应的政策建议。     

《计算机网络》教学的研究与探索

独立学院是我国高等教育快速发展中应运而生的新事物。本文对独立学院的计算机网络教学方法进行了探索,从教学内容的安排、教学方法和手段的采用、网络实验教学的开展等角度探讨计算机网络课程的教学。     

政府补贴是我国发展农业保险的重要保障——来自我国农业保险试点模式的调研报告

新一轮农业保险试点形成了“安信模式”、“安华模式”、“互助制模式”、“共保体”模式和“安盟模式”等5种模式。从这5种模式运行看,政府补贴是发展农业保险的重要保障,经济发达地区政府补贴多,运行就比较好;经济欠发达地区,政府补贴少,运行就比较困难。建议政府明确采取补贴促进农业保险发展的态度,并加大政府补贴的力度。     

The effect of relative performance feedback on individual performance in team settings under group-based incentives*

This study reports the results of an experiment that analyses the behavioural effect of relative performance feedback (RPF) on individual performance when compensation is based on team performance. Specifically, it investigates whether RPF affects individual performance differently when the comparison focuses on other members of that individual’s team (within-group RPF) or on other teams (between-group RPF). We predict a negative effect of within-group RPF on individual performance. We also predict that between-group RPF moderates that negative effect, since it encourages individuals to focus on group goals rather than individual goals. Consistent with our predictions, results show that the negative effect of within-group RPF on individual performance is mitigated by between-group RPF. Our results can help accountants to better understand how the effects of relative performance feedback differ according to the predominant comparison target.     

基于“双主模式”的微观经济学教学设计与实验

教学模式改革是提高教学效果的关键。提出将“主导—主体”双主教学模式应用于微观经济学的教学活动中。论述了基于双主模式的微观经济学教学设计，并对其在具体课程教学中的应用效果进行调查和统计分析。结果表明，对于微观经济学的基本概念和基本原理，应用传统教学模式与应用双主教学模式效果相近；对于实践应用方面，双主模式比传统模式的教学效果更好。