创新集群理论视角及中关村、张江和深圳高新区发展路径比较

在创新集群思想和理论分析框架以及比较分析的基础上,结合调研访谈情况,考察和概括了中关村、张江和深圳三个典型高新区的发展历程,以及它们的发展路径。     

文化旅游创新体系的结构与性质研究

如何提升创新能力是中国旅游业实现产业转型和升级需要解决的关键问题.因为旅游业产业结构的复杂性,所以产业内部创新行为的表现形式也会有很大差异.文化旅游创新主要不是技术创新,而是要以文化创新为基础,达到旅游的创新与发展.文化旅游创新体系在结构和运行机制上都体现为文化与旅游融合的二元复合体系,具有创新目标与成果的双重性、二元核心创新主体、双重价值导向,是双重核心模式.鉴于此,应注意文化创新和文化旅游产品创新的差异,建立协调市场机制和公共管理机制的创新管理体制,充分发挥旅游地居民与旅游企业的积极性.     

强化实践教学,加快高校应用型创新人才培养

对如何强化实践教学,加快高校应用型创新人才培养,从五个方面进行了阐述：第一,转变思想,提高认识,切实提高实践教学地位;第二,加大投入,加快实践教学基本建设;第三,拓展实践教学内涵,构筑立体型实践教学体系;第四,积极开展实践教学研究,有效推进实践教学改革;第五,加强实践教学管理,提高实践教学质量。     

Review Essay

Sen's capability approach has a culturally specific side, with capabilities influenced by social structures and institutions. Although Sen acknowledges this, he expresses his theory in individualistic terms and makes little allowance for culture or social structure. The present paper draws from recent social theory to discuss how the capability approach could be developed to give an explicit treatment of cultural and structural matters. Capabilities depend not only on entitlements but on institutional roles and personal relations: these can be represented openly if capabilities are disaggregated into individual, social and structural capacities. The three layers interact, and a full analysis of capabilities should consider them all. A stratified method implies that raising entitlements will not on its own be enough to enhance capabilities and that cultural and structural changes will be needed.     

财政科技投入力度与企业创新产出：作用机制与异质性

财政科技投入不仅可以直接为企业的技术创新提供资金支持,而且可以通过政策导向营造良好的技术创新环境,改善企业的创新条件,并提高企业的创新意愿,从而促进企业创新投入和产出增长。以沪深A股上市公司为样本的分析发现：企业所在城市财政科技支出占财政总支出的比重提高显著促进了企业专利申请总量和发明专利申请量的增长,表明政府加大财政科技投入力度具有显著的企业创新产出促进效应;政府加大财政科技投入力度能够显著缓解企业的融资约束、提高企业的研发强度,即可以通过改善创新条件和提高创新意愿来促进企业创新产出增长;相对来讲,政府加大财政科技投入力度对非国有企业、吸收能力较强企业、高新技术行业企业、竞争性行业企业、制造业企业、资本密集和技术密集行业企业、科学技术支出规模较小地区企业的创新产出增长具有更强的促进作用。应进一步加大财政支持科技创新的力度,实施差异化的科技创新支持政策,持续改善创新环境,以更好地激发企业创新活力。     

基于证据推理的家电企业自主创新能力评价模型

根据行业特征提出了针对我国家电企业开展自主创新能力评价的指标体系。家电企业自主创新能力的评价过程中,存在部分定量指标数据获取困难,定性指标评判主观性强等问题,故应用证据推理理论构建评估模型,实现了定性、定量指标的合理测度与集成。最后通过对某家电企业创新能力评价的实证分析,验证了模型的有效性。     

Process innovation capability and subsequent collaborative team performance in travel planning: a knowledge exchange platform perspective

Purpose: Backpacker tourism is flourishing in this century as the high development of Internet technology which enables travellers to search for resources they need easier. The research goal of this study was to exam how virtual skill and collective efficacy affect process innovation capability and subsequent team performance of collaborative design team in a virtual community. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, we formulated the virtual team model from the perspectives of open innovation paradigm and virtual competence, and we collected virtual community participation samples from the online communities. Invitation emails were delivered to numerous trip plan initiators in two well-known online travel communities for filling survey questionnaires for this study. In total, 3000 invitation messages were mailed, of which 373 were returned completed. The model and hypotheses were tested by structural equation modelling. Findings: Virtual competence, including collective efficacy and virtual media skill, is the essential key to facilitate process innovation capability and subsequent team performance success. Besides, knowledge sharing significantly moderates the relationship between process innovation capability and the team performance. Originality/value: Backpackers in the online travel communities have to have not only the willingness to collaborate, but also the abilities of using the correct tool to help with their tasks. When a self-efficacy gets into collective efficacy, it enables the collaborative team to develop with good virtual competencies. Accordingly, trip plan initiator and participants of a virtual team are as expertise contributors between conformity in online communities and online compulsive control tendencies.     

航天工业企业供应商能力评估研究

针对供应商能力评估的应用和要实现的问题,以航天工业企业为研究对象,运用了管理学理论和方法,阐明了供应商能力评估的相关理论,其中着重阐述了供应商评价方法和关键绩效指标的思想,设计供应商能力评估体系。对航天工业企业供应商能力评估的现状进行了分析,指出航天工业企业在供应商能力评估中存在的问题,建立起一套以关键绩效指标为核心的供应商能力评估体系,实现了航天工业企业与供应商之间的双赢。     

市场营销人才培养的创新

随着我国市场经济的不断发展,对市场营销人才的需求在扩大的同时也有了更高的要求,因此传统的市场营销人才培养机制已不能满足市场需求。基于越来越多的企业对于专业市场营销人才实践能力的要求在逐渐提高,本文将以转变市场营销人才培养目标为出发点,通过教学体系和实践教学方法等方面创新,旨在探索出一种紧跟新时代市场经济步伐的营销人才培养机制。     

仿真环境下企业能力测评方法及模型构建研究

能力测评是研究企业能力形成和演化机理的重要工具,是企业能力多主体仿真系统的重要功能模块。本文从构建复杂适应性主体角度,通过主体属性和行为定义模拟企业运行。重点将指标体系设计作为市场主体属性内容加以定义,在市场主体和能力主体的仿真运行过程中统计相关数据,按照预设关键指标算法,计算输出企业能力水平值,从量化角度评价企业能力大小。