园林景观规划设计与地域文化

地域文化的缺失导致园林景观规划设计及其实施效果呈现雷同的趋势,通过提出规划设计中地域文化的范畴和意义,强调了体现地域文化在规划设计中的重要性。借助三个实际的规划设计案例从宏观角度提出规划概念应与地域自然特点、人文特点等要素有机结合,从而从微观角度提出设计可采用保留、抽取、融合、再现等手法来体现地域文化。此外,在规划设计中运用地域文化应该注意契合性、创新性、烂漫性及可实施性等的几个方面的问题。     

中、俄国民性透视的文本阐释——以阿Q、奥勃洛摩夫为例

阿Q与奥勃洛摩夫作为鲁迅与冈察洛夫笔下中、俄国民性的代表,分别体现了他们对各自民族国民性的不同思考。阿Q与奥勃洛摩夫的集体无意识深处都有＂理想在不撄＂的因素存在,因此,中、俄国民在性格上也就具有了惰性、麻木、沉迷于幻想和精神上受奴役的共性。而且,他们又是一个活生生的具体的人,具有鲜明的时代性和民族性,所以他们在性格特征上又具有了显著的差异。     

回顾“82宪法”及其社会主义宪政思想——纪念现行宪法颁布30周年

＂宪政＂是民主与法制的完美结合。＂82宪法＂突出了＂政治模式归依生活秩序＂与＂制度理性软化阶级专政＂两项特征。前者强调权利实现,后者意味权力限制。它们分别在＂公民权利的具体化与人民代表大会制度的发展＂和＂党政分开与依法执政行政＂方面得以落实。这些在当时蕴含着新意而于当下成为了中国宪政的趋势和重心。     

Technological innovation and complexity theory

Complexity theory has become influential in recent models in social science. In the context of innovations and new technologies, most applications have focused on technology adoption and technology diffusion, whereas the topic of the innovation process has received less attention. This paper discusses three families of complexity models of technological innovation: fitness landscape models, network models and percolation models. The models are capable of analysing complex interaction structures (between components of technologies, between agents engaged in collective invention) while avoiding ‘over-parameterisation’. The paper ends with discussing the methodological challenges and critiques regarding the application of complexity theory that remain.     

Using partial identification methods to estimate the effect of violence against women on their children’s health outcomes

A growing literature in economics seeks to estimate the costs of violence against women by examining, for example, its impact on the health outcomes of their children. However, it is difficult to assign a causal interpretation to these nonexperimental studies due to the presence of unobservable characteristics affecting violence and health outcomes simultaneously. The lack of credible instrumental variables applicable in several countries further limits our knowledge. I address this gap by using new partial identification methods to estimate the relative size of the unobservables needed to eliminate the estimated effects in nonexperimental studies. I also expand the external validity of the analysis by using data from five standardized nationally representative household surveys in Latin America. Consistent with previous studies, cross-sectional estimates show large negative associations between violence against women and an array of child health outcomes. However, when accounting for omitted variable bias, at best, two-thirds of the estimates remain robust and they are concentrated on the outcomes with the largest cross-sectional estimated impacts.     

产业集群的识别界定——集群度

产业集群的界定识别是研究产业集群其它相关内容的基础。已有的产业集群识别方法用来辨认产业集群存在与否及其内部的产业联系存在很大的缺陷,如研究结果比较模糊、统计口径和分类标准不统一,使其结果不很理想。文章在对已有研究的述评基础上,提出了产业集群界定识别的集群度识别的二步法,即先是产业聚集程度,其次在产业聚集程度基础上集群度的衡量。据此,并以浙江的产业集群实例作为佐证。     

基于专利分析的产业共性技术识别概念框架

在重新定义产业共性技术的基础上,初步构建了经由综合文本挖掘、德温特手工代码共现、专利引用3个环节而确立的产业共性技术识别概念框架。该框架从3个评估视角———技术基础性、技术应用范围及技术社会效益,对产业共性技术的3个特性进行逐步识别,最终筛选出产业共性技术。     

Structural VAR models for Malaysian monetary policy analysis during the pre- and post-1997 Asian crisis periods

This article conducts an in-depth investigation into building a Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model and analysing the Malaysian monetary policy. Considerable attention is paid to: (i) the selection of foreign, policy and target variables; (ii) establish identifying restrictions and improve the estimates of impulse response functions; (iii) assess the importance of intermediate channels in transmitting monetary policy mechanism; and (iv) the way in which the 1997 Asian financial crisis affected the working of monetary policy. Malaysia is an interesting small open economy to study because, following this crisis, the government imposed capital and exchange rate control measures. The overall results suggest that the crisis and the subsequent major shift in the exchange rate regime have significantly affected the Malaysian ‘Black Box’. In the pre-crisis period, domestic variables appear to be more vulnerable to foreign monetary shocks. Further, the exchange rate played a significant role in transmitting the interest rate shocks, whereas credit and asset prices helped to propagate the money shock. In the post-crisis period however, asset prices play a more domineering role in intensifying the effects of both interest rate and money shocks on output, and the economy was insulated from foreign shocks.     

数字图像处理在车牌识别中的应用

讨论了数字图像处理在车牌识别中应用的各种技术,对车牌定位及车牌分割等关键技术进行了较为详细的论述。     

珠江三角洲外资机构的空间特征、机理与优化策略

改革开放以来，珠江三角洲的外资机构发展十分迅速，外资机构密度的纵向和横向空间特征十分明显。从纵向发展来看，外资机构的密度在1996年以后开始下降，下降的趋势由于受到外资机构数量扩展与建设用地扩展之间相互作用的影响而日趋平缓，而跨国公司生产成本和投资环境此消彼长、竞争区域崛起和跨国公司战略转型相辅相承是导致这种变化的根本原因。横向空间特征来看，外资机构密度的高低区域差异较大。这种差异不仅仅表现在生产企业方面，更重要的在于R＆D机构和跨国公司总部布局的不平衡，从而影响整体竞争优势的发挥。为此，珠江三角洲可以从招商引资方式和投资环境建设方面着手进行优化。