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1.
Improving access to more modern forms of energy requires supply chains that reach further into rural areas. This paper studies a supply-side intervention intended to foster last-mile distribution of energy-access technologies through local small-scale entrepreneurship. We use a staggered-implementation evaluation design to assess the impact on employment and income outcomes of the intervention, which is a large-scale program in Kenya that supports the diffusion of improved cookstoves and small solar products. The results demonstrate how trained entrepreneurs intensify and diversify their income-generating activities, often by shifting away from subsistence farming as a main source of income. For cookstove entrepreneurs, this goes along with improvements in individual and household incomes as well as perceived economic well-being. Our estimates suggest that impacts do not only differ between the two technologies but also across subgroups including gender, age, and baseline occupation. Our findings substantiate that market-based interventions can foster energy access in rural areas by supporting the establishment of local businesses. We highlight several contextual factors that are of relevance when considering the adoption of this approach. 相似文献
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完善创新生态系统、提升区域创新能力是我国科技企业孵化器建设的重要目标。基于2013-2018年中国(内地)30个省份面板数据,采用面板数据模型实证检验科技企业孵化器是否促进了区域创新能力提升,并基于中介效应模型探讨风险投资和孵化基金在其中的间接作用。结果发现:①科技企业孵化器建设显著提升了区域创新水平,但主要增加的是实用新型和外观设计专利申请授权数总量,对发明专利申请授权数并没有显著促进作用。上述结果在剔除直辖市样本、采用随机效应模型及空间计量模型的稳健性检验后依然成立;②通过中介效应模型检验发现,区域风险投资和孵化基金集聚效应是科技企业孵化器影响区域创新水平的主要机制;③科技企业孵化器对区域创新的影响在不同区域间差异较大,在东部地区的创新激励效应更加显著,而且政策工具强度对科技企业孵化器与区域创新水平的关系具有正向调节作用。 相似文献
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传统方法在建筑材料供应链质量数据安全共享中应用效果不佳,不仅数据误码率比较高,而且数据共享时延比较长,无法达到预期的数据安全共享效果。为此提出基于区块链技术的建筑材料供应链质量数据安全共享方法。利用区块链技术对建筑材料供应链质量数据属性加密,建立建筑材料供应链质量数据安全共享链,整合建筑材料供应链质量数据加密、解密程序,通过对用户身份验证实现对质量数据安全共享,以此完成基于区块链技术的建筑材料供应链质量数据安全共享。实验证明,设计方法的数据误码率在1%以内,数据共享时延在1s以内,具有良好的数据安全共享效果。 相似文献
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《Business Horizons》2022,65(5):671-680
We live in an age of massive global disruption. Technological advancements threaten century-old business models, globalization is reordering supply chains, and people need to work with colleagues and customers who have vastly different backgrounds. On top of that, we have been in the midst of a global pandemic, and customers, employers, and investors are demanding more than just a Black Lives Matter social media post from organizations that purport to take social justice seriously. Organizations with high cultural intelligence (CQ) are able to navigate this volatility and complexity effectively. Over the last two decades, scholars from across the world have published hundreds of articles on CQ, the capability to relate and work effectively in complex, culturally diverse situations. Most of the work has examined CQ at the individual level. But what about organizations? Can organizations be culturally intelligent? The emerging research on CQ at the organizational level offers leaders and organizations critical insights for navigating today’s diverse, digital world. Organizational CQ is a firm’s capability to function effectively in a complex and unpredictable multicultural world. This article stresses the importance of the culturally intelligent organization and explains how to develop organizational CQ. 相似文献
6.
《Business Horizons》2022,65(5):547-557
The legal and compliance departments in organizations have more influence than ever before. Why then are companies so vulnerable to legal liability? The problem may not be with talented legal professionals, but with the lack of legal knowledge held by MBAs and other business school graduates that make day-to-day decisions in modern organizations. Firms can close this knowledge gap and minimize legal liability by training their managers in legal astuteness—the ability of a manager to address legal issues successfully—by instilling four essential traits: respecting the rule of law, recognizing legal issues, resolving problems proactively, and reporting complex legal issues to experts. Job candidates should also be screened for traits of legal astuteness. A legally astute candidate, especially a graduate of a business school that requires legal education for all its students, can be a cultural ambassador for legal astuteness and a valuable liaison between legal and compliance departments and the candidate’s functional area. A legally ignorant candidate will require significant training and a frank assessment of the legal risk they bring to the organization. Modern firms in today’s legal environment face two choices: hire a legally astute manager now or deal with a compliance headache later. 相似文献
7.
《International Journal of Research in Marketing》2022,39(3):867-887
This article examines peer influences from network relationships within a social network game (i.e., embeddedness) and across such games (i.e., multiplexity). Drawing on social influence theory, we develop a bivariate Poisson model of users’ repeated visits and latent attrition that accommodates peer interaction after controlling for homophily. We estimate the model using data from two social network games with considerable overlap among network members. We find that friends who are only multiplex across games exert greater peer influence on users’ game visits than members who are embedded within a single game. We also determined that ignoring network multiplexity across games may lead firms to mistarget users due to biased peer influences of embedded friends. This result provides an unresearched explanation—strength of peer influence—for the mixed findings in previous literature on network embeddedness. We utilized our results to conduct several scenario analyses to demonstrate how firms can effectively manage users’ engagement and target users in multiple social network games. 相似文献
8.
实现区域经济协调发展是当前我国在块集聚与点极化双重压力下面临的现实难题,长江经济带尤其是欠发达省份承接发达地区产业转移是解决该难题的必然路径选择。产业转移活动因区域主客体特征变量不同,呈现出典型的多发式转移和门槛转移特征,使得区域政策制定缺乏科学指导,陷入盲目拼政策红利的状态。结合效率模型及考虑熵权的经济社会发展协同度分析,测算了2004-2016长江经济带各省(市)年综合产业转移效率,并考察了门槛效应值及变化趋势。结果表明:在考察期内,长江经济带各省(市)产业转移效率提升较为明显,但不少省(市)存在不协调的阶段性平衡关系,且这种关系还未显露经济总量驱动下的协同发展能力。 相似文献
9.
目前,人工智能已逐步从创造工具向自主创造转化,对“发明人”角色提出了挑战。人工智能能否成为“发明人”关系到创造物的权利归属、专利审查程序、专利许可等制度修改。利用文献研究、历史研究、逻辑推理等方法从不同维度分析:人工智能将具有“发明”的意识能力,未来成为法律意义的“人”也不存在理论障碍。但是,人工智能成为“发明人”,不仅需要全社会形成共识,且要有充分的理由修改专利法。从专利制度看,人工智能成为“发明人”不符合专利法制定的目标,具体实施也存在障碍,目前亟待解决人工智能创造物的权利归属问题。应对挑战,应坚持专利法中“发明人”的基本规定,但可以要求申请人履行说明人工智能承担的义务。 相似文献
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