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1.
This article seeks to undertake a critical assessment of the changing position of public science in the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the countries on the periphery of European research. These countries are driven by new innovation paradigm based on entrepreneurship, which are implemented within the European Smart specialization strategy (S3). This article argues that S3 is widely implemented in the cohesion countries and, while it provides substantial resources for science, technology, and innovation, it fails to provide sustainability in the public research sector. This has direct implications for policies concerning innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems. In order to prove the thesis, the article provides theoretical argumentation for emergence of a new innovation paradigm, driven by the rise of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, its incorporation into S3, and a consequent retreat of science policy in favor of entrepreneurial policy. The empirical analysis is focused on the funding trends seen in the business and public research sectors over the last decade (2008–2017), which have clearly shown that S3 has not contributed, despite expectations, to an increase in public expenditure for science. This signifies S3's neglect of public research within entrepreneurial ecosystems and challenges the ability of S3 to reduce wide disparities in research and innovation performance across the European Union. This ultimately endangers the innovation potential of the entrepreneurial ecosystem itself.  相似文献   
2.
Starting from current debates on ‘global suburbanism' and ‘postsuburbia', this article explores the changes that the former ‘urban periphery' of Zurich North has experienced in the last three decades. It mobilizes Henri Lefebvre's triadic concept of conceived, perceived and lived space in aid of an analysis of the profound urban transformations that can be observed. The construction of a new tramline serves as a guideline for an analysis of the implementation of new governance arrangements strengthening cross‐border cooperation between individual municipalities and new strategies of cooptation and expertise. This resulted in the production of new urban structures which led to a more densely woven and connected urban fabric primarily providing spaces for the headquarter economy and middle‐class housing. Concomitantly, great efforts have been made to create new public spaces, an urban image and even an urban atmosphere. These have proved at least partially successful, thus promoting a symbolic redefinition of the former urban periphery as a distinctively ‘urban' space. Conventional definitions and concepts no longer suffice to adequately understand such novel urban forms, leading to the conclusion that division into an ‘urban' and a ‘suburban' world is no longer a useful tool for urban analysis.  相似文献   
3.
Networks with a core–periphery topology are found in many financial systems across different jurisdictions. Though the theoretical and structural aspects of core–periphery networks are clear, the consequences that core–periphery structures bring for banking efficiency stand as an open question. We address this gap in the literature by providing insights as to how the structure of financial networks can affect bank efficiency. We find that core–periphery structures are cost efficient for banks, which is a characteristic that encourages the participation of banks in financial networks. On the downside, we also show that core–periphery structures are risk-taking inefficient, because they imply higher systemic risk levels in the financial system. In this way, regulators should be aware of the excessive risk inefficiency that arises in the financial system due to individual decisions made by banks in the network.  相似文献   
4.
This article interrogates the nature of political agency deployed at sites of market‐oriented water reforms. It presents a case study from Bangalore, India of a water project mandating significant ‘beneficiary’ cash contributions from lower‐middle‐class dwellers for the capital cost of extending piped water to the city's peripheries. Drawing on quantitative and ethnographic data, it illustrates why property owners who lack formal water access and land tenure — groups referred to in this article as the ‘peripheralized middle class’ — consent to paying for pipes rather than resist all together despite the high cost involved. It argues that far from reflecting an internalization of a ‘willingness to pay’ or ‘stakeholder’ ethos celebrated by development practitioners today, payment for water provides an insurgent means to bargain for greater symbolic recognition, respectability and material benefits from the state. In particular, payment for pipes enables peripheral dwellers to strengthen their claims to secure land tenure in an era of exclusionary and punitive spatial policies. Payment thus comprises a terrain of contested meaning making and political struggle, at the heart of which lie the stakes of urban citizenship. In documenting the process by which property related interests and tenure claims are advanced under a scenario of reforms, this article contributes to Gramscian political‐ecological conversations on subaltern political agency and the lived character of hegemony in urban environments.  相似文献   
5.
In the framework of different countries' international comparison, the objective of this paper reflects research topic of investigation--the identification of small countries, revealing features of economic development and business growth in economic history context of small economies classification. The object of investigation focuses on West European and Nordic countries' small economies. The hypothesis of the article is that small states under consideration are developing as the business competitive peripheries areas due to the special Scandinavian capitalist model development characterized by high level of social capital. The statistical data base includes Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development indicators, World Bank parameters and Nordic transnational corporation's annual reports. The paper considers the following research questions: (1) the critical overview of the mainstream academicians opinions concerning different-scaled economies, (2) classification of small states and clarification of different groups of the small-scaled countries role in the world and regional economy through historical context, (3) estimates and variants of small countries' social-economic development in accordance with different parameters, (4) consideration of Nordic European countries coming to the business model of the competitive peripheral social-economic development. The main summing up conclusion is that small economies of Nordic Europe are converting nowadays into the experimental laboratory of the European and world economy due to the specific model of their social-oriented economic and business growth, their geopolitical location between developed European integration complex embracing presumably small-scaled states from one side and large-scaled emerging market economy of Asian continent from the other side.  相似文献   
6.
李红  丁嵩  刘光柱 《经济地理》2012,32(7):30-36
以县域为研究单元,人均GDP为测度指标,运用ESDA-GIS方法对1997—2010年处于全国经济边缘的广西区内空间差异格局进行分析,发现其县域经济已初现较为显著的空间自相关,发展差异呈现出先扩大后缩小的趋势,但总体空间集聚水平仍较低。在局部差异方面,高—高类型区集中在桂南县域及柳州、桂林中心城区,低—低类型区集中在桂西及桂中县域。受空间相互作用影响,边缘省区内核心—外围结构显著。经济热点区在保持总体格局相对稳定的情况下有进一步向桂南沿海的北部湾经济区集聚的趋势。经济增长也具有较强空间关联特征,热点区和冷点区快速跃迁,增长的空间差异缓慢缩小。进而,从历史发展基础、地理区位、开放开发政策和空间邻近效应等方面讨论了边缘省区经济空间差异的动因与政策启示。  相似文献   
7.
纵向观察,建国以来中国周边安全环境总体向好,但时起时伏;横向比较,当前中国周边安全环境依然严峻。当前中国周边安全环境的现状是北稳南动,西缓东急。当前中国周边安全环境面对的最大挑战有朝鲜半岛安全问题、中日钓鱼岛主权与东海划界问题、南中国海问题、美国对台军售问题,以及复杂的中印关系等。当前中国周边安全战略应继续坚持与邻为善,以邻为伴的大方针;继续坚持睦邻、友邻、安邻和富邻的周边外交政策;具体执行中采取睦北、缓西、稳南和进东战略,为中国未来10年黄金发展期创造和平安宁的周边环境。  相似文献   
8.
结合文物资料和前人研究成果,在2003—2007年多次野外实地考察的基础上,对我国农牧过渡带—鄂尔多斯高原及毗邻地区历史城市发展的影响因素进行了分析。结论指出,过渡地区特殊的生态环境和特殊的军事地理环境是该地区城市发展的基本因素;地缘政治形势的变化形成该地区城市发展的强大杠杆;国防战略和防卫要求对城市数量和规模具有重要影响;草原民族势力的收缩与扩张是该地区城市发展的重要指示器;过渡性地理环境基础上的低水平的土地承载力和区域经济是该地区城市发展的制约因素。  相似文献   
9.
This paper examines the impact of a major road improvement programme on the economic development of North Wales. The paper identifies the economic impacts of the road on a selection of firms and organisations in North Wales, and provides a modelling framework to examine the static and dynamic effects of road improvements. Road improvements across North Wales are found to be a necessary, but not sufficient, condition for economic development in this peripheral area.  相似文献   
10.
采用2005年深圳农民工整体网络调查数据,分析了农民工社会支持网络和社会讨论网络的核心边缘结构。无论社会支持网络,还是社会讨论网络,都有一部分农民工处于网络的核心位置,而另一部分则处于边缘位置。女性农民工群体中少数个体处于核心位置,多数个体处于边缘位置,男性农民工群体正好相反,男女混合农民工群体核心成员也较少,边缘成员较多,但两者的数量差异要小于女性农民工群体。总体而言,社会支持网和社会讨论网核心边缘成员之间在个人属性特征和流动特征两方面都有所差异。  相似文献   
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