要素集聚、产权完整性与城乡收入差距

本文从要素集聚与产权完整性视角研究中国城乡收入差距,认为中国的市场化进程其实就是生产要素从农村地区向城市地区单向流动的过程,并且中国城市居民的产权是完整的,而农村居民的产权是不完整的。这种生产要素的集聚导致城乡交易成本、生产效率的差异,进而导致城乡收入差距;要素集聚还使得城市居民的资产增殖,而农村居民的资产无法增殖;城乡居民产权的完整性差异是生产要素向城市集聚的一个重要原因,通过要素集聚间接影响城乡收入差距;另外城乡居民产权的完整性差异还会直接导致城乡收入差距。本文通过2002—2011年省级面板数据对要素集聚与产权完整性对城乡收入差距的影响予以实证研究,并给出政策建议。     

Aid Quality and Donor Rankings

This paper offers new measures of aid quality covering 38 bilateral and multilateral donors, as well as new insights about the robustness and usefulness of such measures. The 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness and the follow-up 2008 Accra Agenda for Action have focused attention on common donor practices that reduce the development impact of aid. Using 18 underlying indicators that capture these practices—derived from the OECD-DAC’s Survey for Monitoring the Paris Declaration, the new AidData database, and the DAC aid tables—the authors construct an overall aid quality index and four coherently defined sub-indexes on aid selectivity, alignment, harmonization, and specialization. Compared with earlier indicators used in donor rankings, this indicator set is more comprehensive and representative of the range of donor practices addressed in the Paris Declaration, improving the validity, reliability, and robustness of rankings. One of the innovations is to increase the validity of the aid quality indicators by adjusting for recipient characteristics, donor aid volumes, and other factors. Despite these improvements in data and methodology, the authors caution against overinterpretation of overall indexes such as these. Alternative plausible assumptions regarding weights or the inclusion of additional indicators can still produce marked shifts in the ranking of some donors, so that small differences in overall rankings are not meaningful. Moreover, because the performance of some donors varies considerably across the four sub-indexes, these sub-indexes may be more useful than the overall index in identifying donors’ relative strengths and weaknesses.     

马克思剩余价值理论视角下信息商品增值研究

信息劳动创造价值,如何在马克思剩余价值理论视角下研究信息商品增值是一个新的研究课题。信息劳动是复杂劳动,创建期投入巨大,一些信息商品具有独特形式。将信息生产的不同时期的区分引入复杂的劳动过程和价值增殖的研究：信息商品创建期和扩大生产期都属于生产过程,在生产中获得价值增殖的潜力,而通过流通过程,创造出巨大数量的消费受众,从而实现了剩余价值的获得。巨大的规模投资、极高的技术门槛和政府政策保护使信息企业获得超额剩余价值。     

CEPA以来粤港珠区域产业转移及产业升级路径分析

CEPA及其补充协议的实施,改善了粤港两地经贸关系,港资服务业的进入如火如荼。文章分析了CEPA签订前后,粤港珠区域核心城市的服务功能及粤珠地区制造业优势的变动情况,探讨香港服务业扩散对广东及珠三角地区产业结构演进的影响,进而提出对广东地区产业转移与产业升级的相关政策思考。     

莱州市渔业资源增殖现状及对策探讨

本文总结了莱州市1994年以来开展渔业资源增殖放流取得的经验,分析了存在的问题,提出了促进莱州湾渔业资源增殖工作健康持续发展的对策.     

Strategies to reduce product proliferation

Major problems associated with product proliferation include higher production, inventory, and record-keeping costs; increased expenses associated with trade promotions and slotting fees; added consumer confusion and stress; and increased susceptibility to stockouts. This article describes how a firm can limit product proliferation without incurring reduced sales or lowering consumer loyalty. An effective product proliferation reduction program needs to be based on several principles: resisting the temptation of asking consumers if a greater assortment is required; classifying goods into consumer behavior-based tiers; using interfunctional product pruning teams; practicing mass customization, where appropriate; placing absolute limits on product choice; and implementing effective strategies for product pruning.     

葡萄球菌肠毒素A的研究进展分析

该文就葡萄球菌肠毒素A的生物学活性、促淋巴细胞增殖和抑制肿瘤细胞生长作用的研究进展作一综述。     

Economic feasibility analysis of flexible material handling systems: A case study in the apparel industry

Flexible material handling systems (MHS) have been widely used to enhance productivity involved with product proliferation, and thus far, only fixed-track MHSs such as Eton systems in the apparel industry are commonly used. This paper explores the economic feasibility of a flexible MHS using free-ranging automated guided vehicles (AGV) with a local positioning system (LPS) for the apparel industry. A component-based and modified activity-based costing methodology is proposed to estimate the additional cost of adopting flexible MHSs, and then the internal rate of return (IIR) and payback periods are applied to evaluate the project economic performance. Results show that adopting flexible MHSs has a promising IIR which is larger than 30%.     

我国虾夷扇贝底播增殖产量影响因素研究——以獐子岛为例

虾夷扇贝是我国贝类养殖中具有重要经济价值的品种之一。我国虾夷扇贝产量稳步增长,目前是全球虾夷扇贝养殖产量最多的国家。我国虾夷扇贝主要有底播和浮筏两种养殖方式。论文使用实证分析方法,以獐子岛作为研究对象得出底播养殖产量的影响因素主要有底质水文环境、自然灾害、苗种质量和底播养殖面积等因素,提出创造良好的养殖海域、提升苗种育成能力和积极构建海洋牧场等对策可以进一步推动我国虾夷扇贝产业的发展。