《统计基础》考核改革实践研究——宁夏工商职业技术学院调查分析报告

考试改革是教学改革的重要组成部分之一。也是衡量教学成效的重要手段和过程。本文分析了传统的考试模式的弊病,指出考试的方式方法要考虑课程的教学宗旨和特点,给出了《统计基础》课程考试的尝试,并利用调查问卷搜集到学生对考试改革的看法和建议,通过对这次考试改革的效果进行调查与分析,得出相应的结论。     

专业市场和产业集群的关联强度及其影响因素——基于浙江省绍兴市万份问卷的分析

本文利用对浙江省绍兴中国轻纺城市场商户和当地纺织企业所作的万余份调查问卷,发现运输成本、集群企业规模和技术水平对专业市场和产业集群关联强度的影响最大;本地物流效率提高和行业协会功能强化有助于拓展专业市场和产业集群关联的空间维度。值得注意的是,创牌激励并未成为企业脱离专业市场转而自建销售渠道的决定因素,这与专业市场自身的特征有关。     

基于共享性资源的专业市场与集群企业竞争力:网络、信息与制度——基于浙江省绍兴市14262份问卷调查与分析

产业集群与专业市场的互动发展,是推动中国区域经济增长的一大特色。基于专业市场的准公共平台性质,本文将其为产业集群提供的共享性资源分为共享式网络、共享性信息和制度支持三类;并揭示了这些共享性资源对集群企业竞争力的影响。在此基础上,运用浙江省绍兴市14 262份问卷调查与分析实证检验了上述三类共享性资源对集群企业竞争的影响程度。结果表明:专业市场的各种共享性资源对集群企业竞争力的影响存在差异,其中共享式网络的影响最为显著;集群企业竞争力提升的途径主要是充分吸收、利用专业市场的共享性资源进行技术创新、培育品牌、开拓市场等,获得市场竞争的不对称优势。     

高职院校大学生心理健康教育活动调查与思考

高职院校大学生心理健康教育活动为大学生健康成长成才提供了良好的心理基础,是心理健康教育的有效载体和重要途径。根据高职院校大学生心理健康教育活动的问卷调查结果,本文展开了粗浅的思考,高职院校要充分重视心理健康教育活动对大学生的影响,充分发挥心理健康教育活动在培养高职院校合格人才上的作用。     

Comprehensive assessment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation and chronic idiopathic constipation using deterministically linked administrative claims and patient-reported data: the Chronic Constipation and IBS-C Treatment and Outcomes Real-World Research Platform (CONTOR)

Abstract

Aims

To characterize a US population of patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) or chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) using CONTOR, a real-world longitudinal research platform that deterministically linked administrative claims data with patient-reported outcomes data among patients with these conditions.     

Management Education Reforms in the Baltic States

No abstract available for this article.     

Examining and interpreting responsiveness of the Diabetes Medication Satisfaction measure

Abstract

Objective: Treatment satisfaction (TS) is an important patient reported outcome (PRO) in diabetes as it is correlated with outcomes necessary for optimal treatment (e.g., compliance, self-management behaviour). The objective of this study was to examine the responsiveness of the DiabMedSat, a disease-specific PRO measure, assessing Overall, Burden, Efficacy and Symptom TS.

Methods: The DiabMedSat was included in an open label, observational study of the safety and efficacy of biphasic insulin aspart 30 (NovoMix 30) in routine practice with type 2 diabetes. Responsiveness analyses, examining both internal and external responsiveness, were conducted and minimally important differences (MID) assessed.

Results: In 18,817 patients, all TS scores significantly improved after 26 weeks of treatment (p<0.001). The effect sizes for these changes were above 0.5 indicating that the ability to detect change was moderate-to-large in size. Significant differences were found for all TS scores comparing patients who met their HbA_1c goal, who improved but did not meet goal and who did not improve (p<0.01), and for patients who experienced a minor hypoglycaemic event and those who did not (p<0.001). DiabMedSat scores were able to detect changes in patients’ own global rating of satisfaction (MID ranging from 5.3 to 11.7) and in physician-rated satisfaction with patients’ HbA_1c improvement (MID ranging from 5.3 to 10.2).

Conclusions: In the context of an observational study, the DiabMedSat has been shown to be highly responsive to change and can be considered as an acceptable PRO measure for TS in diabetes.     

Quality of life in relation to constipation among opioid users

Abstract

Objective: Opioid users often experience constipation. In this study the impact of constipation on QoL was assessed in patients using opioids either for non-advanced illness or advanced illness.

Methods: Patients using opioids, recruited via public pharmacies, were asked to complete questionnaires on opioid use, constipation and the EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D). Patients with a severe non-curable disease and relatively short life-expectancy were classified as having an advanced illness; a disabling yet not directly life-threatening condition was defined as non-advanced illness. Constipation was assessed based on questions on opioid side-effects and laxative use. EQ-5D index scores were compared between patients with and without constipation using Wilcoxon two-samples test.

Results: Questionnaires were returned by 588 patients with non-advanced illness, of whom 326 (55%) were classified as having constipation and by 113 patients with advanced illness, of whom 76 (67%) were classified as having constipation. The median EQ-5D index, a weighted health state index score with 1 = full health, was lower in patients with constipation than in patients without constipation (0.31 vs. 0.65, p<?0.01 for non-advanced illness and 0.41 vs. 0.61, p=0.12 for advanced illness).

Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that, in patients using opioids either for non-advanced illness or advanced illness, constipation negatively influences QoL. By separately analysing patients with advanced illness and patients with non-advanced illness, possible selective non-response and confounding was accounted for, but not completely solved.     

Final development and validation of the BOMET-QoL questionnaire for assessing quality of life in patients with malignant bone disease due to neoplasia

SUMMARY

This paper describes the final development and validation of the BOMET-QoL questionnaire for assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with malignant bone disease due to neoplasia (MBDN).

An observational prospective study was conducted of 263 patients with MBDN. Sociodemographic and clinical variables, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Scale Index and Pain Management Index (PMI) were gathered. Patients completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 and BOMET-QoL questionnaires and the perception of general health status. Both questionnaires were completed again 15 days after the baseline visit by 98 clinically stable patients (Group A), and 3 months and 6 months after the baseline visit by 165 clinically unstable patients (Group B). Prior to validation of the BOMETQoL questionnaire, a factor analysis and psychometric selection of the original items was developed by means of Rasch analysis.

The BOMET-QoL questionnaire consisting of 25 items was reduced to an integrated version of 10 items. Scores on the BOMET-QoL-10 questionnaire were shown to be related to the presence, number and duration of irruptive pain crises, the PMI and the ECOG index (p<0.001), and with changes in the perception of general health status and ECOG index (p<0.01). The internal consistency of the questionnaire and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were high (Cronbach's α=0.93; ICC =0.97). BOMET-QoL-10 is an easy to manage and valid questionnaire in clinical practice conditions.     

``Is There Anything Else You Would Like to Tell Us' – Methodological Issues in the Use of Free-Text Comments from Postal Surveys

Free-text comments are often invited at the end of self-completion questionnaires,yet text books provide no guidance on how these might be used. We describe avariety of ways in which free-text comments can be used, drawing on two examples.An Audit Commission study of NHS maternity care included a national samplesurvey of 3570 women who gave birth in June and July 1995. At the end of thequestionnaire women were asked: Is there anything else you would like to tellus about your care while you were pregnant or since you have had your baby.The United Kingdom Medical Careers Research Group conducts whole-cohort longitudinal studies of graduates from all UK medical schools. At the end of each survey doctors are invited to write comments on ``any aspect of your training,career choices or work'.The authors discuss the inherent limitations of free-text comments, the relativemerits of quantifying the frequencies of themes, and the ways in which free-textcomments can be used to enhance survey analysis. They conclude that whilefree-text comments are no substitute for properly designed research, they arenevertheless valuable in understanding and illustrating participants' surveyresponses, and in suggesting topics for further research.