Writing on the Wall: Street Art in Graffiti‐free Singapore

The legalization of graffiti in many cities has impacted urban landscapes and the way artists and the public view graffiti, street art and the city as well. This article considers the genesis, process and consequences of legal walls programmes firstly by introducing and differentiating the key terms ‘graffiti’, ‘street art’ and ‘legal walls’, then by examining an empirical case, that of Singapore. Renowned as a graffiti‐averse and litter‐free city, Singapore's recent about‐turn in legalizing illicit art forms illustrates changing government perspectives on creativity and legality in the country. Why the government has effected this change, how artists and members of the public have responded to it and the resultant art forms are critically explored. The conclusion reflects on four key lessons from Singapore for cities in general.     

基于大规模街景图片人工智能分析的精细化城市修补方法研究

在中国快速城镇化阶段“重量”而“轻质”的建设过程中，城市建成区尤其是老城区的景观环境产生了诸如景观视廊受阻、风貌破败等大量问题。对此，自2015年中央城市工作会议以来，各地相继开展了城市修补专项规划，以修复及更新城市建成环境，促进城市空间品质提升。然而，由于缺乏对城市环境整体效应的统筹考虑，故在城市实际修补过程中，城市局部地块的品质提升反而对城市整体品质构成负面影响。因此，在人工智能及大数据技术深度介入城市规划和设计实践探索的基础上，研究基于全卷积神经网络模型(FCN)和城市场景要素深度学习数据集，对城市景观环境中的各要素进行了大规模且高颗粒度的精确识别，同时与空间数据叠加，对复杂建成环境中的景观问题进行精确分析，并基于分析成果辅助后续城市规划设计实践，逐层递进地对城市复杂建成环境进行精细化修补。选择位于嵩山脚下的登封市作为案例，探索人工智能技术在辅助城市修补等规划领域的前瞻性应用。     

浅议高校街舞队的营销与物流管理

高校运动队不是简单的运动、训练、比赛,而是应该形成一条"训练—比赛—发展—营销"一条龙的体育营销体系。这个体系的建立,将为我国新兴体育运动的发展打下了初步实践的基础。本文对高校街舞队的运作模式和相关的物流配送进行探讨。     

Informal Traders and the Battlegrounds of Revanchism in Cusco,Peru

Informal trading in the global South, particularly in Latin America, is the subject of revanchist urban policy and yet few studies have examined the longer‐term impacts of such intolerant policies on traders. This article explores the evolution and impacts of revanchist policies directed at informal traders in the Andean city of Cusco. It makes two key contributions. First, it documents a shift from early revanchist policies to a post‐revanchist era where policies have become more tolerant of informal traders. However, contemporary policies fall short of a supportive environment for informal trading, hence the authors recommend changes that will ensure informal traders can access the city's streets and become an accepted part of the urban fabric. Second, given the lack of theoretical attention given to the impacts of revanchism, a battlegrounds framework is developed, consisting of spatial, political, economic and socio‐cultural battlegrounds. This framework provides a comprehensive insight into the complex set of interactions that exist between informal traders and the state. It is hoped that the framework will provide a tool for further research into the highly damaging impacts of revanchism across the globe.     

Impacts of urban renewal on the place identity of local residents – a case study of Sunwenxilu traditional commercial street in Zhongshan City,Guangdong Province,China

ABSTRACT

This paper studies the impacts of urban renewal on local residents’ place identity by examining the changes in local residents’ place identity in Sunwenxilu, a traditional commercial street in downtown Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, China, which carried out urban renewal relatively early in modern China. Applying Breakwell’s [(2015). Risk: Social psychological perspectives. In J. D. Wright (Ed.), International encyclopedia of the social & behavioral sciences (2nd Ed.). New York, NY: Elsevier] identity process model and using the renewal process as a starting point, data concerning local residents’ place identity in Sunwenxilu were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and literature analysis. The results reveal that local residents had established a strong place identity on Sunwenxilu before it changed to be a community of “incompetents” in the 1990s. In the late 1990s, Sunwenxilu was transformed into a cultural tourism pedestrian street. Right after the transformation, local residents regained their self-esteem with the improvement of the physical environment and intensification of cultural symbols, and re-established their place continuity by maintaining their collective memories. However, a failure to improve the local residents’ self-efficiency of place during the “superficial” renewal had resulted in vulnerability of the local residents’ place identity in terms of self-esteem, continuity and distinctiveness, thus causing another crisis of place identity. Obviously, the construction of place identity results from the interaction of all elements, so too much emphasis on only one element may trigger a new identity crisis.     

Traffic evacuation time under nonhomogeneous conditions

During many manmade and natural crises such as terrorist threats, floods, hazardous chemical and gas leaks, emergency personnel need to estimate the time in which people can evacuate from the affected urban area. Knowing an estimated evacuation time for a given crisis, emergency personnel can plan and prepare accordingly with the understanding that the actual evacuation time will take longer. Given the urban area to be evacuated, street widths exiting the area's perimeter, the area's population density, average vehicle occupancy, transport mode share and crawl speed, an estimation of traffic evacuation time can be derived. Peak-hour traffic data collected at three, midblock, Mumbai sites of varying geometric features and traffic composition were used in calibrating a model that estimates peak-hour traffic flow rates. Model validation revealed a correlation coefficient of +0.98 between observed and predicted peak-hour flow rates. A methodology is developed that estimates traffic evacuation time using the model.     

语言Q值与小语种语言存亡边界——基于语言经济学的模型

基于语言的人力资本性质,引入语言"Q值"量化其经济价值,并以此修正Grin模型分析小语种语言存在的必要性.分析结果表明:(1)语言的Q值越大时,也即这种语言的生命力越强时,人们投入这种语言的时间就会越多;(2)基于文化和政治上的原因,在小语种语言有必要保护的前提下,刻画出小语种语言存亡边界、改变小语种语言的语言态度以及小语种语言的使用人数,可以使小语种语言从死亡区进入生存区;(3)在对小语种语言保护的制度安排中,持久增加使用小语种语言的人数十分重要.     

企业生命力指标体系的仿生推论

企业生命力状况直接关系到企业的盛衰,如何衡量企业的生命力是企业管理界关注的问题。以仿生学为基础,结合现有文献资料推论出企业生命力的三个二级指标,即:企业生存力、企业成长力及企业再生力的指标体系,通过企业生命力的3个维度(生存力、成长力和再生力)的分析,获得的企业生命力的评价指标体系,为研判企业生命力的状况提供了分析依据。     

丝网印刷在现代生活中的应用与延续

本文从丝网印刷的发展脉络入手,在与其他印刷方式的比较中,对其涵义、内容题材、造型、表现形式及工艺技术的应用等进行条理化分析。旨在对丝网印刷的艺术表现进行探究。通过论述,进一步加强丝网技术无论是在艺术实践中还是在社会生活中的应用,增强丝网印刷的艺术表现的价值,使古老的丝网印刷技术散发出新的生机,为我国国民经济和文化的发展,提供有益的参考并发挥积极的作用。