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由于公路工程施工项目多数属于点多线长、露天和连续作业,涉及的人员、材料、机械设备多,技术含量低且需要经常变换工种的施工环境,使得安全风险大,因此,各施工单位必须对夜间和季节性施工安全措施高度重视,针对夜间施工和未来特殊气候环境影响下施工中可能发生的造成人员伤亡、疾病、财产损失、工作环境破坏等危险及紧急情况,采取有针对性的事先预防措施。 相似文献
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Inez Z. Ponce de Leon 《Journal of Risk Research》2020,23(5):598-612
AbstractTyphoon Haiyan hit the Philippines in 2013, causing billions in damage, and taking thousands of lives. Media and researchers claimed that people did not have enough information about the storm, or did not understand the information given to them, and therefore did not evacuate. This research departs from the assumption of a knowledge deficit: it asks how people understood warnings and how information flowed from the government. This research focuses on Guiuan, a municipality that sustained heavy damage and loss of life, and the entry point of many typhoons in the Philippines. Guided by Stuart Hall’s Encoding-Decoding Theory, the researcher carried out focus group discussions with citizens and interviews with local government officials from one coastal and one inland village. Through systematic qualitative analysis of interviews and discussions, the researcher found that participants from different locations in the same municipality understood warning information differently, based on unique epistemological frames. While local government framed people as deficient in knowledge, the citizens actually called upon their previous experiences with storms in order to make evacuation decisions. However, they could not project worse scenarios from previous experience and needed a phenomenon to match an experience in real time before making an evacuation decision. These findings imply that disaster imagination, disaster memory, and disaster knowledge are all distinct concepts, and future research should examine how specific contexts frame risk. Early warning systems for storms must also take into account unique epistemological frames as a means to localize communication and engage communities in the decision-making process. 相似文献
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本文阐述了台风的物理效应及其成因与危害,并从正反两个反面分析了台风对我国农业经济的影响,介绍了人类对台风的防御措施和利用现代科学手段对台风进行"修理"的尝试. 相似文献
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吉林长白山国家级自然保护区风灾区植被恢复情况调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
长白山国家级自然保护区风灾区形成于1986年,风灾面积11386hm2,由于大面积森林被摧毁,以及毗临中朝边境线,成为全国重点火险区之一;通过对20多年来风灾区植被自然及人工恢复情况实地调查,全面掌握了保护区风灾区生态环境的现状,客观分析了影响恢复的各项因素,提出了加快恢复的有关措施。 相似文献
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浙江东南沿海地区,特别是温台宁地区,几乎每年都要遭受台风、洪水灾害。经统计,一次台风、洪水灾害,全市财产保险公司(以下简称保险公司)都要赔付少则数千万元,多则几个亿。虽然近几年,浙东南沿海地区保险公司对企财险业务的风险性有了一定的认识,业务结构也逐步得到了一些调整,但仍然存在结构调整速度不快,比例下降缓慢的问题。 相似文献
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利用MIKE21 SW谱波浪模型建立浙江省台风浪模型,对0515和0509号强台风"卡努"和"麦莎"引起的台风浪过程进行数值模拟。分析得到舟山本岛E向波浪最大,N向波浪最小。舟山本岛的阻隔使得台风浪削弱了35%左右。 相似文献
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由于发达地区与欠发达地区在自然条件、产业结构以及进行减灾投资的能力和动力方面都有较大差异,总体而言,无论在何处登陆,台风对欠发达地区造成的直接经济损失都高于发达地区。欠发达地区的直接经济损失当中,很大一部分来自台风对基础设施的破坏,而这又阻碍了产业转移。因此,台风灾害会从多方面扩大地区经济差距。从趋势上看,台风灾害对广东省的总体破坏在增加,并且其破坏主要来自个别台风,这将进一步加剧地区经济差距。政府应在减灾投资上向欠发达地区倾斜,推广巨灾保险,加强应急管理能力建设,并提高科技抗灾投入。 相似文献