Demystifying residents' walking behaviors: Active transport in South East Queensland,Australia

This study investigates the correlates of a resident's walking behaviors and aims to shed light on mechanisms through which walking may be encouraged. The results of this investigation paint a complex and nuanced picture of the residents’ walking behaviors in South East Queensland, Australia. The results suggest that sociodemographic characteristics separately may contribute greatly to whether or not one engages in walking behaviors. Further, cumulatively these differences might be greater for some groups of residents compared to others. One of the most prominent findings of the study is that the purpose, the characteristics of the origin, and the characteristics of the destination of a trip tended to be similar in the heterogeneity they exhibit over the distribution of time spent walking. For example, pick something up, undertake work, or engage in personal business, move to or from a workplace, shop, or social place are activities that tend to be associated with walking as a main mode of transport and a higher number of walking episodes. However, these trips tended to be short.     

Heritage tours and trails on foot in Hong Kong: towards a typology that crosses the tourist-local divide

Hong Kong's retrocession to Chinese sovereignty in 1997 initiated intense interest in cultural heritage on the part of divergently positioned actors, including activists, the state, and entrepreneurs. Heritage walking tours have proliferated, providing a wide range of examples suitable for comparison. This article develops a typology of heritage trails and tours in order to consider how they are situated in relation to the tourist economy and local context. Theoretically it builds on insights in new walking studies and debates in tourism and heritage studies on the ‘tourist-local divide.’ The article relies on qualitative research conducted in Hong Kong, including participant observation and interviews, and a review of various secondary sources. The typology distinguishes between government-generated, market-oriented, and community-based heritage walks. Three key issues are discussed: the ways that tours and trails develop, how they engage with official and unofficial heritage places, and how they reference urban issues including state-led urban renewal and redevelopment. The article argues that, while walking in general is a format that is suited to both tourist and local visitor engagement, some trails and tours reinforce dominant narratives of heritage and urban space, while others challenge them.     

基于步行连续性的城市健身步道空间 挖掘与选线设计研究——以青岛主城四区 为例

高连续性路径空间是步行健身行为高效性与安全性 的重要保障。当前城市建设中,能够被大众高效利用的健身 步道呈碎片化分布,全民健身导向下亟须在现有城市空间中 进行高连续性的步道网络化构建。以青岛主城四区为例,基 于连续性目标,通过对OSM数据的爬取与处理,形成适于连 续度赋值的城市基础路网数据。挖掘具有高连续性特征的铁 路沿线、高架走廊、滨河沿海、环景观外边界路径等潜力空 间融入步道选线设计,提出与地铁站点相结合的高连续性选 线技术路线。基于ArcGIS网络分析计算成本最小路径,兼顾 路口等级及公园、绿地、湖泊等自然资源的紧邻性进行步道 选线规划,并从连续度水平、便捷可达性、环境舒适性、空 间多元性几方面对选线结果进行探讨。该选线途径有助于提 升城市步行运动环境的健身利用效能,为实现高连续性的健 身步道网络构建提供设计支持。     

大断面煤巷掘进机的研制

本文介绍了采掘装备的发展现状,阐述了大断面煤巷掘进机的主要组成部分及结构特点,对主要元部件截割头、装载机构、回转机构、履带行走机构进行了设计。并对整机进行了地面试验,表明该机截割能力强、稳定性好、性能可靠,对改善我国特厚煤层综放开采采掘比例失调,促进我国综掘机械化发展具有极其重要的作用。     

追本溯源话活力--打造成功的城市商业步行街

随着城市化进程的不断推进,"商来步行街"之风席卷全国各地,文章通过对城市商业步行街中人们行为心理需求的分类剖析,探求成功的商业步行街的活力源头,提示了营造充满活力的商业步行街的具体途径.     

城市老年人步行能力与建设其适合的居住区户外环境的研究——以南京市为例

参照国民体质监测方法测试10米步行速度,对调查区域附近部分人、车流量较大道路宽度直接测量和对路口交通信号灯时间值直接观察,调查测定了334名(其中男136名,女198名)60岁以上南京市城市老年人步行速度,了解老年人居住区的住区道路、信号交叉口、住宅建设、公共设施等户外环境的基本情况。结果表明:70岁及以上的老年人即使在健康状况允许快走的前提下仍有一部分无法在绿灯时间里通过街道,与60-69岁组相比呈现急剧上升的趋势。通过分析城市老年人步行能力和居住区户外环境现状,建议优化老年人居住区的交通;完善城市老年人的住宅建设,加强无障碍设计;配齐公共设施,加强社区服务。     

重塑都市人性化公共空间——关于武汉市江汉路步行街的调查与分析

采用现场观察和问卷调查的研究方式,将武汉市江汉路步行街作为一个典型切片,通过对它的使用和维护状况进行评估分析,获取一个成功的步行街设计的相关因素,进而推而广之提出人性化背景下,改善城市公共空间的设计构想和建议,以期探讨一些对于城市公共空间人性化设计有益的规律和方法。     

手扶拖拉机运输操纵性能的改进设计

文章从东风-12型手扶拖拉机入手,针对手把式手扶拖拉机在运输操纵性能方面的缺陷,讨论在原机结构允许的情况下,用差速器及差速锁取代牙嵌式离合器,对其相应机构进行改进,改造为差速器式手扶拖拉机,从而提高运输操纵性及安全性,并保证较低的改造成本。     

Understanding innovation in practice: a discussion of the production and re-production of Nordic Walking

Building on the work of those who have highlighted the role of consumers and lead users we focus on innovations not in products but in what people do. In developing a method of conceptualising the emergence and reproduction of practice we argue that innovation is not a one-off moment but a continuous on-going process. Specifically, we suggest that innovations in practice involve changing combinations of symbolic and material ingredients and of competence or know-how. In addition, we argue that managers, manufacturers and consumers are all variously involved in making and sustaining connections between these defining elements. We illustrate and elaborate on these ideas with reference to Nordic Walking, a form of speed walking with two sticks. First practiced in 1997, it is now a regular pursuit for more than seven million people in over 30 countries and is reputed to be Europe's fastest growing form of exercise. In discussing this case we specify the constitutive ingredients of Nordic Walking and its location relative to other practices that already exist. Our analysis raises a number of general questions. For example, how can managers and manufacturers institutionalise practices that require consumption of the things they make? Is there any fundamental difference in the role of ‘lead’ and ‘ordinary’ users in generating and sustaining innovations in practice? Taking these questions forward, we develop a theoretical position that relativises the conventionally distinct roles of consumers and producers and that represents a novel hybridisation of innovation studies and sociological theories of practice.     

公园游步道设计提升健步功效的研究 ——以南京鱼嘴湿地公园游步道设计为例

以设计提升公园游步道健步功效为目标,研究包 括：1)Meta分析合理健步量,提出推荐优化公园游步道一 周健步量组合方案：每周5~7d、中强度、200~300min, 以3.5km慢走、1/1.5/4km快走、3.5/4km慢跑为模数单 元;2)根据所识别的游步道景观要素与健步功效关系,提出 连续度、缓弹度、平整度、美感度4个主客观结合的评价标准 及其指标;3)据此评价游步道的各类健步功效,结果显示塑 胶跑道主路最能提升慢跑功效;东西侧游园主路、平行跑道的 南侧木栈道连续度较强、缓弹度较好、美感度较高,最能提升 慢跑、快走类健步功效;夹江岸边的大部分木栈道因连续度较 强、美感度较高,能提升快走、慢走功效;其余路径更能提升 慢走功效,但部分转折过多、砂砾铺装的道路,健步功效不显 著;4)基于公园游步道一周健步量组合方案与健步功效评价 结果构建最佳健步功效游步道递归模型,根据“组合距离模数 原则”“运动路径连接原则”和“安全舒适多样原则”,模型 运算与人工筛选结合,优选出最能提升健步功效的鱼嘴公园游 步道一周健步路径组合,经试验证明有效。