Why are Small Firms Different? Managers’ Views

Do incentives differ between large and small organizations? Results from a representative survey of compensation managers are used to shed light on the issues. I find that (i) small establishments rely less on pecuniary incentives, and have a significantly more hostile attitude towards incentive schemes based on competition and relative rewards; (ii) large units are more vulnerable to mechanisms of efficiency wages, effects that remain even after controlling for differences in monitoring ability; (iii) large units are more prone to indicate that negative reciprocity is important, and that their employees care about relative pay. I argue that these findings fit with behavioral stories of incentives and motivation, in particular those stressing group interaction effects, inequity aversion and gift exchange.     

From T-Bills to Stocks: Seasonal Anomalies Revisited

This paper employed eleven data series which consist of stocks, bonds, bills, equity premiums, term premiums, and various default premiums to investigate whether January seasonality reported in existing literature is robust across different states of the economy as this has important trading implications. For the periods 1926–1990, small stocks, small stock premiums, low grade bonds, and default premiums (spread between high grade, low grade and government bonds) reveal January seasonality and that the seasonality is robust across different states of the economy except for low grade bond returns and default premiums. January seasonality for low grade bond returns and low grade bond default premiums are primarily driven by results found during periods of economic expansion. Overall, January seasonality is more evident during the economic expansion periods although the magnitude of default premiums is larger during periods of economic contraction. Furthermore, prior findings of strong summer equity returns are primarily driven by the results found during the periods of economic contraction. It is also found that equity returns are generally higher during periods of economic expansion.     

社会养老保险新政的运行效果分析——基于沈阳市国有大型企业的调查

利用调查数据重点考察了社会养老保险新政的实际运行效果,指出了目前存在职工参保意愿不强烈、政策有效性尚不明显、对制度长期建设缺乏信心等现实问题,以期对养老保险制度的改革完善提供理论和政策依据。     

FDI技术溢出对我国创新能力影响的分析

随着经济全球化的发展,国家间的经济竞争日益激烈,自主创新能力越来越被认定为一国竞争力的主要标志。文章利用1991-2012年中国技术创新方面的数据,建立计量模型,研究了FDI对我国创新能力的影响。结果表明,我国自主RD投入是提高创新能力的最重要因素,而外商直接投资在整体上对我国研发和创新能力无非常明显的溢出效应。我国必须努力促进FDI的技术溢出效应,同时注重培育内资企业的自主创新能力。     

试论“如何正确发挥意识能动作用”命题的辩证含义

传统教科书中对“如何正确发挥意识的能动作用”命题所作的解释，过多的强调了客观条件，而对主观方面的条件和因素重视不够，不利于在实践中发挥意识的能动作用。本文从主客观统一的视角剖析了传统理解的局限性，阐述了“如何正确发挥意识的能动作用”命题的辩证含义及其理论和现实意义。     

“地铁房地产”投资动力机制研究——基于行为博弈视角

地铁建设不仅极大地改善了城市的交通状况,还促进了沿线房地产的飞速发展。通过对“地铁房地产”投资主体进行分类,在此基础上构建相关行为博弈的均衡模型,分析其投资动力的内在机理,进而指出备投资主体只有愿意部分让出自己的利益时,才能最大程度享受“地缺效应”所带采的巨大潜在收益。     

新经济社会学视角的中小企业国际化绩效研究——基于社会资本、核心资源的中介效应

中小企业通过识别和积累社会资本获得参与国际竞争的核心资源,进而实现成功进入国际市场的发展目标。获得国际化绩效是企业国际化的目的,积累核心资源是企业国际化的基础,而运用社会资本是企业国际化的出发点。基于这一思路,文章将传统企业国际化理论中的资源基础观同新经济社会学中的社会资本理论相结合,通过实地调查中小企业并构建结构方程模型,采用跨学科的研究视角探讨了中小企业社会资本、国际化绩效及核心资源三者间的影响机制,从而进一步丰富和扩展了现有中小企业国际化研究的思路。     

税负效应与除息日股票价格行为研究——来自A股市场的实证证据

本文基于我国A股市场相关数据对除息日股价行为的税负效应进行全面检验,实证结果表明股息和资本利得税率对除息日股价波动行为具有显著影响,税负效应理论存在于A股市场,但除息日股价波动行为不能完全由税负效应进行解释,另外实证研究还发现我国A股市场不存在税收诱导客户效应。     

住宅房地产税收的功能探析

住宅房地产在购销及保有环节涉及众多的税种,这些税种的税收功能存在突出差异。营业税具有突出的财政收入功能,但在收入调节方面有制度上的缺失;土地增值税具有鲜明的产业调控色彩,但征收办法的缺憾使其不能有效发挥作用;预期征收的房产税具有调节收入的功能,但在税制设计上存在征收制度和利益分配重构等制度困扰。建议针对相关税种的功能特点进行有针对性的制度改良,以促进我国住宅房地产业的健康发展。     

淤泥固化技术的研究综述

随着环境整治工作的不断深入,淤泥的大量产生已经成为不可避免的事实。面对我国人口增长与耕地减少的矛盾,淤泥的开发是解决矛盾的有效途径。因此淤泥的开发利用是最有价值的潜在资源,淤泥的固化技术有很大的发展前景。