金融监管如何影响企业技术创新

金融监管是政府影响微观经济主体的重要政策手段,对新时代下企业的技术创新活动也有着重要影响.本文借助中国2011-2018年沪深两市A股上市企业与金融监管数据集,检验金融监管对企业技术创新活动的影响.研究发现,金融监管强度的增加有助于提升企业技术创新水平.这种影响随着企业外部地域属性和内部特征差异的变化展现出了较强的异质性效果.机制研究发现,金融监管有助于降低企业杠杆率水平,刺激企业多元化投资(包括R&D与实物资本投资),并减轻企业的盈余管理行为,为自身财务风险稳定提供保障,这些都有助于企业技术创新活动的增加.特别地,对于金融科技新业态的监管,使得企业融资的创新行为倾向更加聚焦.本项研究从微观经济主体高质量发展的角度分析了金融监管的重要作用,有助于在功能和内容上强化对金融监管的优化,是新时代下创新驱动转型战略发展的必由之路.     

财务重述异质性对审计费用的影响研究——以沪深A股上市公司为样本

文章选取2013-2018年沪深两市A股发生差错更正的上市公司为研究样本,实证研究了财务重述异质性与审计费用之间的关系。研究表明,重述内容与审计费用之间显著正相关,即发生核心财务重述公司,审计费用越高;重述项目与审计费用显著正相关,即重述项目越多,审计费用越高;重述频率与审计费用显著正相关,表明重述频率越高,审计费用越高。研究成果将有助于进一步丰富财务重述经济后果领域的相关研究,也有助于从审计费用角度为我国上市公司的治理效应研究提供新证据。     

乡村旅游开发下农户生计适应变化与影响机理研究*——以延安市乡村旅游为例

［目的］以延安市3个典型乡村旅游地为例，结合可持续生计分析框架和适应性理论，分析农户在乡村旅游扰动下的适应策略与适应模式，定量测度不同适应模式农户的适应结果。厘清农户未来生计策略选择的影响因素及其机制，提出促进农户及乡村旅游地可持续发展的对策。［方法］通过参与性农户评估法及二元回归分析法分析影响农户未来生计策略选择的因素。［结果］（1）旅游开发造成案例地农户自然资本丧失，失地农户由务农或务工为主的单一适应方式向兼业型与非农型转变，分化为4种不同类型的农户，且各类农户在各描述指标方面差异显著。（2）农户的生计资本衡量3个社区旅游开发后的适应结果，生计资本普遍较低且内部各维度差异明显。对比4类农户适应结果可得：复合生计型>务工主导型>旅游服务型>社会保障型。（3）通过二元逻辑回归模型深入解释当下适应结果对农户未来生计策略选择的影响，物质资本、金融资本和社会资本均影响农户选择意愿，其中可借款人数是最关键的影响变量。［结论］农户在旅游开发背景下生计动态适应的影响机制为旅游开发及基于此补偿制度是农户现在生计适应活动的外部起因，按照适应类型以及收入比重，分化为4种模式农户； 现行生计适应策略使农户适应结果迥异，生计资本的储量和结构差异显著，这种差异是农户未来生计选择的直接动因； 3个社区不同类型的旅游开发模式是农户未来生计策略选择分异的推动力量。     

关系质量对企业知识创造绩效的作用机理：一个被调节的中介模型

基于嵌入性视角，分别引入知识转移、合作模式作为中介变量和调节变量，深入探究关系质量影响企业知识创造绩效的内在机理。利用277份来自全国多地的制造业及高新技术企业调查问卷，采用多元回归方法进行实证研究。结果表明：经济型和社会型关系质量均正向影响企业知识创造绩效；社会型关系质量通过元素知识和架构知识转移正向影响企业知识创造绩效。在契约治理模式下，经济型关系质量更倾向于通过元素知识转移正向影响企业知识创造绩效；在股权治理模式下，社会型关系质量更倾向于通过架构知识转移正向影响企业知识创造绩效。     

Determination of derived importance of a tourism destination: A comparison of indirect methods

Two types of attribute importance, stated and derived, have been studied in marketing and tourism studies using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). Derived importance is thought to have an advantage over stated importance in reducing survey fatigue and social desirability biases, and thus is more predictable to an outcome variable. Derived importance is also used in a Relevance-Determinance Analysis to determine higher-impact core attributes or in an Importance Grid Analysis to explore the asymmetric relationship between attributes and overall satisfaction. Since derived importance is usually estimated through statistical methods, it is necessary to determine which method is the most appropriate. However, few studies have examined the appropriateness of indirect methods. To fill this research void, this paper judges the appropriateness of three statistical methods (i.e. multiple regression, partial correlation, and simple regression) based on data collected from Savannah, GA, using a new approach by which results of derived importance were compared against diagnostic attributes in the “keep up the good work” quadrant of IPA. Diagnostic attributes are attributes with higher stated importance and higher predictability of an outcome variable. Results show that urban forests and cultural heritage are such attributes, and simple regression is the best to infer attribute importance.     

Abusive Supervision,Psychological Distress,and Silence: The Effects of Gender Dissimilarity Between Supervisors and Subordinates

Previous research has shed light on the detrimental effects of abusive supervision. To extend this area of research, we draw upon conservation of resources theory to propose (a) a causal relationship between abusive supervision and psychological distress, (b) a mediating role of psychological distress on the relationship between abusive supervision and employee silence, and (c) a moderating effect of the supervisor–subordinate relational context (i.e., gender dissimilarity) on the mediating effect of abusive supervision on silence. Through an experimental study (Study 1), we found the causal path linking abusive supervision and psychological distress. Results of both the experimental study and a field study (Study 2) provided evidence that psychological distress mediated the relationship between abusive supervision and silence. Lastly, we found support that this mediation effect was contingent upon the relational context in Study 2 but not in Study 1. We discuss implications for theory and practice.     

The effect of corporate real estate ownership on R&D innovation: credit relief vs. resource replacement in China

Against the background of supply-side structural reform and the real estate financialisation in China, this study investigates the impact of real estate holdings on R&D investment using data of enterprises listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges. Our empirical results yield five main findings. First, enterprises holding more real estate assets face more serious financial constraints, thus restraining corporate innovation efficiency. Second, when the profit margin gap between entity enterprises and the real estate industry is larger, enterprises are more inclined to transfer industrial capital into the real estate industry, thus reducing R&D investment. Third, when the degree of marketisation is high, intensified market competition, the optimal allocation of factor and product markets, and stronger patent protection will weaken the restraining effect of corporate real estate holdings on R&D investment. Fourth, monopoly enterprises obtain potential profits more than undertaking risks from the real estate industry, they are more willing to hold real estate, thus strengthening the restraining effect of real estate holdings on innovation. Finally, investors' regional preference intensifies the restraining effect of corporate real estate holdings on R&D investment. Our empirical evidence can guide entity enterprises on how to effectively balance short-term (non-productive) and long-term (productive) capital investment.     

实体经济发展困境及政策建议:从制造业视角

近年来,在虚拟经济高回报率的吸引下,中国经济出现了“脱实向虚”的现象,导致实体经济发展受到极大的冲击,许多制造业企业面临着成本居高不下、人才匮乏、融资困难、专利维权效益不高和舆论环境出现偏差等系列问题。因此,本文通过分析中国实体经济发展存在的问题,提出营造有利于实体经济发展的舆论环境,提出降低实体经济企业成本、加强金融财税支持、强化人才保障、推动研发创新和加强知识产权保护等系列政策建议,以促进实体经济平稳快速发展。     

哈中能源合作分析

世界经济的能源部分每年都在增长,这是为了增加燃料能源的生产。中国日益发展的经济也对能源有着巨大的需求。本文首先分析了中国能源需求的发展,并在此基础上提出了中国和哈萨克斯坦这一领域的扩展,一些计划制定出来了。哈萨克斯坦和中国在能源领域有多年的有效合作经验,哈萨克斯坦与中国关系的发展在能源领域发挥着重要的作用。哈萨克斯坦与中国的合作发展不仅有利于两国能源安全解决,也有利于东北亚的安全与稳定,也有利于两国的合作。互补性需要积极发展中、哈萨克斯坦能源企业之间的业务联系。     

中国与上合组织其他成员国的贸易格局与合作方向

2017年6月上海合作组织(以下简称上合组织)第十七次峰会——阿斯塔纳峰会期间,上合组织迎来了成立后的首次扩员,巴基斯坦和印度成为该组织的正式成员,这也标志着上合组织发展进入新时期。作为唯一一个立足中国西部的国际化合作平台,上合组织对于中国的向西开放和"丝绸之路经济带"建设有着极为重要的作用。随着印度和巴基斯坦的加入,上合组织又成为连接陆上丝绸之路和海上丝绸之路的服务平台,其在中国对外关系中的作用也大幅提升。然而新成员国的加入也带来了整合困难,新老成员国如何加强贸易往来共同促进上合组织的发展成为新的议题。本文从贸易伙伴重要程度和紧密程度分析了中国与上合组织其他成员国的贸易格局,并基于贸易互补性分析了未来扩大贸易合作可以选择的具体方向。