The price of going green: the role of greenness in green bond markets

In this paper, we empirically investigate how greenness information is priced in the green bond market. Our comparison of liquidity-adjusted yield premiums of green bonds versus synthetic conventional bonds indicates that, on average, there is no robust and significant yield premium or discount on green bonds. However, green bonds certified by an external reviewer enjoy a discount of about 6 bps. Furthermore, green bonds that obtain a Climate Bonds Initiative certificate show a discount of around 15 bps. The findings suggest that a universally accepted greenness measure can benefit the development of the green bond market.     

Investments,incentives, and innovation: geographical clustering dynamics as drivers of sustainable entrepreneurship

Small Business Economics - This study attempts to fill the literature gap regarding sustainable entrepreneurship viewed through geographical clustering lenses by examining how institutional factors...     

Weak‐instrument robust inference for two‐sample instrumental variables regression

Instrumental variable (IV) methods for regression are well established. More recently, methods have been developed for statistical inference when the instruments are weakly correlated with the endogenous regressor, so that estimators are biased and no longer asymptotically normally distributed. This paper extends such inference to the case where two separate samples are used to implement instrumental variables estimation. We also relax the restrictive assumptions of homoskedastic error structure and equal moments of exogenous covariates across two samples commonly employed in the two‐sample IV literature for strong IV inference. Monte Carlo experiments show good size properties of the proposed tests regardless of the strength of the instruments. We apply the proposed methods to two seminal empirical studies that adopt the two‐sample IV framework.     

基于"GM(1,1)模型"投资LNG项目财务评价研究

近年来,我国液化天然气(LNG)在全年能源使用消耗总量中占有的比值持续上升.由于其具有环境污染小、运输方便等优点,因此,在天然气市场占据了较大的市场份额.同时,由于其显著的经济效益,也受到了投资者的青眯,LNG项目成为能源企业的投资热点.在这种背景下,对LNG项目的动态经营成本进行评价分析,也成为投资者特别关注的方面.本文基于GM(1,1)模型,亦就是灰色系统,对LNG投资项目动态经营成本进行评价研究,为科学地投资LNG项目提供测算依据.     

中国资本市场对绿色投资认可吗?——基于绿色基金的分析

在可持续发展思想的指导下,人们对绿色投资的生态价值已达成共识.而绿色投资能否兼顾环境绩效和财务收益的双重目标,无论是在理论上还是实证上都还没有得到统一的结论.文章以绿色基金的绩效评估为切入点,研究了我国绿色投资的收益与风险.文章首先从环境金融、社会责任投资和金融创新视角系统梳理了绿色投资研究的发展脉络,然后选取22只绿色基金,在选定市场基准和匹配非绿色传统基金对照组的基础上,评价了绿色基金的直接收益和风险以及基于单因素和多因素模型(Carhart四因素模型)的风险调整收益,并进一步分析了基金投资者(绿色投资者)的收益敏感性.基于单因素模型的绩效评价显示,现阶段我国绿色基金的风险调整收益要低于市场基准和传统基金,投资策略差异和成立时间长短对基金收益和风险有影响.基于Carhart四因素模型的分析结果显示,我国绿色基金的投资表现要显著低于市场平均水平,市场风险因子、价值因子和动量因子可以较为客观地解释绿色基金的收益.另外,绿色基金投资者的收益敏感性不高.文章为尚有限的我国绿色投资研究提供了新的直接的证据.     

不同储藏条件对稻米蒸煮品质和α-淀粉酶的影响

以稻谷粤农丝苗为原材料,置于4种不同储藏模式下,具体如下:(1)15℃储藏240d。(2)30℃储藏240d。(3)以15℃为开端,与30℃交替储藏(60d交替1次)至240d。(4)以30℃为开端,与15℃交替储藏(60d交替1次)至240d。每隔60d检测1次,比较上述4种储藏模式下,稻米蒸煮品质和α-淀粉酶活力的变化趋势。研究结果表明:随着时间的延长和储藏温度的升高,稻米品质下降;在实验时间内,以低温为开端的变温模式的稻米品质要优于以高温为开端的变温模式,但差距逐渐减小。     

Pricing Defaultable Bonds Using a Lévy Jump‐Diffusion Model

This paper uses a reduced‐form approach to derive a closed‐form pricing formula for defaultable bonds. The authors specify the default hazard rate as an affine function of multiple variables which follow the Lévy jump‐diffusion processes. Because such specification allows greater flexibility in the generation of a valid probability of default, their pricing model should be more accurate than the valuation models in traditional studies, which ignore the jump effects. This paper also proposes a new method for estimating the parameters in a Lévy Jump‐diffusion process. The real data from the Taiwanese bond market are used to illustrate how their model can be applied in practical situations. The authors compare the pricing results for the influential variables with no jump effects, with jump magnitudes following the normal distribution, and with jump magnitudes following the gamma distribution. The results reveal that the predictive ability is the best for the model with the jump components. The valuation model shown in this paper should help portfolio managers more accurately price defaultable bonds and more effectively hedge their portfolio holdings.     

组织管理对空中交通管制员工作能效的影响分析

综合借鉴SHELL模型和Reason模型的概念,参考国际民航组织《安全管理手册》,分析民航运行体系中组织管理对空中交通管制员工作能效的作用路径,提出组织管理对管制员工作能效产生积极影响的方法和建议.     

江苏企业“走出去”的模式及财务风险防控研究

随着中国“一带一路”倡议的逐步实施,越来越多的企业开始加入“走出去”的队伍。但是由于不同企业所处行业、资金实力、规模大小、对外投资目的等因素不尽相同,如果选择不恰当的模式往往会导致陷入经营困境。因此本文为江苏“走出去”企业提出相应的财务风险防控措施,旨在促进企业在国际化进程中健康、可持续发展。