我国西部地区经济发展空间分布特性及影响因素分析

以西部12个省区为研究对象,选取2011—2015年面板数据,首先采用熵权TOPSIS法对西部地区经济发展水平进行综合评价,并分析其空间分布特性;其次将各影响因素综合指数与经济发展综合指数建立耦合模型,判断影响因素与经济发展水平之间的耦合关联程度,明确引入影响因素的正确性;最后结合面板回归模型分析各影响因素对经济发展的影响程度。结果表明:西部地区经济发展水平时间趋势演变特性不明显,具有显著的空间差异性和局部空间集聚特性;西部各省区除西藏外人口因素、产业因素、科技因素与经济发展综合指数耦合相关度均较高;通过检验发现面板模型仅存在个体固定效应,不存在时间固定效应,因此构建个体固定效应LSDV模型,进一步分析发现,城市化率、第二产业增加值、规模以上工业企业R&D经费是影响西部地区经济发展水平的主要因素。     

一般序列相关下面板虚假回归研究--估计量的渐进分布和小样本性质

虚假回归是非平稳时间序列分析中的重要问题,但目前对面板虚假回归特别是对纵剖面序列相关下的虚假回归研究较少。而运用贝弗里奇-纳尔逊分解考察虚假回归的LSDV估计量性质的文献还没有。本文在假定时间序列一般相关的前提下利用面板贝弗里奇-纳尔逊分解考察面板LSDV估计量的虚假回归性质,研究表明面板虚假回归的LSDV估计量对其真值是一致的,并且是渐近正态分布的,但其t值是发散的。在给出统计量的渐近分布之后我们利用MentoCarlo模拟给出了不同样本条件和不同相关系数下LSDV估计量的小样本性质。     

Structural changes,competition and bank stability in Malaysia’s dual banking system

This paper assesses Malaysia’s competition landscape and its risk implications subsequent to conventional banking consolidation and Islamic banking penetration in the aftermath of the 1997/1998 Asian financial crisis. Employing a panel sample of conventional and Islamic commercial banks, it arrives at the following conclusions. First, the consolidation exercise, which has led to a significant reduction in the number of domestic commercial banks, has not stifled banking competition. Second, the paper provides empirical support for the competition-stability relationship, particularly for the conventional banking sector. Islamic banking sector risk appears to be neutral to market competition or market power, although there is limited evidence that it increases with overall market concentration. Finally, the analysis uncovers the risk-increasing effect of the Islamic banking market structure on the conventional banking sector. By contrast, conventional banking market concentration tends to reduce the credit risk of Islamic banks.     

The short- and long-run impacts of financial crises on youth unemployment in OECD countries

The impact of financial crises on the youth unemployment rate (YUR), compared to the total unemployment rate (UR), is estimated for a panel of OECD countries over the period 1981–2009, using bias-corrected dynamic panel data estimators of short- and long-run coefficients. Both YUR and UR are found highly persistent. Also, short- and long-run effects of financial crises on YUR are significantly large, respectively, some 1.9 and 1.5–1.7 times higher than the short- and long-run effects on UR. Similar results are found for the unemployment impacts of GDP growth lagged 1 year and institutional variables. These results are robust to various dynamic specifications.     

Environmental factors affecting European and Central Asian health-systems’ bias-corrected efficiency

Health expenditures comprise a large part of national incomes, which explains the growing interest of government agencies in establishing efficient control and management policies in the current context of economic difficulties. One of the main problems in efficiency analysis is to determine the environmental variables that have an impact on the production process. In particular, employing data on the European and Central Asian health systems, the article demonstrates that bias corrected Data Envelopment Analysis is most appropriate measuring efficiency than traditional Data Envelopment Analysis. Bias correction, implies a higher potential resources reduction, affects the ranking of health systems and allows variables influencing efficiency which would be undiscovered with non-corrected estimation. The second stage determines that lifestyle factors, policy organization and location of countries affect the efficiency results and cause differences among the countries. The contribution of these results is particularly useful facing the decision making by governments. Their strategies should be oriented to implementing active policies to struggle against smoking and promoting health policies aimed at increasing the level of immunization in order to be more effective improving management efficiency.