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1.
Airlines design their initial schedules under the assumption that all resources will be available on time and flights will operate as planned. However, some disruptions occur due to mechanical failures and unexpected delays of maintenance, making the aircraft unavailable for a certain period of time. These deviations from the initial plan result in high operational costs in addition to the serious inconveniences experienced by passengers. In order to handle aircraft and passenger recovery problems simultaneously, we work on integrated networks at which aircraft routings and passenger itineraries are superimposed. Consequently, we could calculate the actual profit and cancellation cost by evaluating each passenger itinerary while considering the seat capacity limitations. In our computational results, we use a daily schedule of a major U.S. airline and clearly demonstrate that there is an optimal trade-off between operating and passenger-related costs.  相似文献   
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Using prices to improve the efficiency with which water resources are allocated is now widely accepted in principle if somewhat difficult to achieve in practice. Whilst there are some technical difficulties associated with full‐cost recovery in irrigation, the lack of political will to tackle reform remains a significant impediment. This article reports the results of an empirical investigation into farmers’ preferences for changes to water prices and tariff structures. We conclude that some of the preferences of farmers are conducive to price reform. We also find evidence that public subsidy of infrastructure in irrigation is not always aligned with the preferences of farmers.  相似文献   
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目的探讨腹部带血管蒂皮瓣转移修复手外伤皮肤缺损的临床疗效。方法选取我院2012年2月至2014年2月收治的80例手外伤皮肤缺损患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,将其分为两组。观察组患者使用腹部带血管蒂皮瓣进行修复,对照组患者使用手指掌侧推进皮瓣进行修复,观察两组患者治疗效果。结果观察组40例患者皮瓣全部成活,对照组患者皮瓣成活37例,观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);外形恢复满意度方面,观察组患者满意度为97.5%(39/40),对照组患者满意度为70.0%(28/40),其中对照组患者有2例出现轻度臃肿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腹部带血管蒂皮瓣转移修复手外伤皮肤缺损的疗效明显,患者满意度高,外形恢复完整,具有较高安全性。  相似文献   
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Despite substantial growth in revenue and attendance numbers on a global and country level over the past decades, failure is still a fairly common phenomenon in the events/festival industry. Drawing on two scenario studies and data collected in the United States, this research investigated the impact on festival-goers’ evaluations and behavior of joint-stakeholder external service recoveries, in contrast to the prevalent focus on examining service recoveries by a single stakeholder that caused the failure. Findings revealed that festival-goers had different perceptions of and behavioral intentions towards the various stakeholders depending on their perception of fault for the failure. Yet, rather than a predicted joint effect with failure severity, we found a significant interaction effect of the locus of causality with service recovery measures, either via an internal or external recovery. Implications of study findings and directions for future research are discussed.  相似文献   
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ABSTRACT

More and more customers attempt to claim what they can, rather than what they are offered by the service firm after service failures. The present article empirically investigates the role of situational characteristics in triggering the intention to overclaim through a mediating process of customer's cognitive and emotional responses to the service failure. The model goes beyond predicting the likelihood of overclaiming behavior and offers some insights related to the magnitude or the extent of such claims. The results indicate that cognitive and affective drivers of overclaiming behavior have different impacts on the magnitude or the extent of such claims.  相似文献   
8.
The research studies empirically the role that fairness plays in shaping emotional and behavioral forgiveness among older U.S. consumers (55 years of age and older). A theoretical model is proposed and tested that proposes, consistent with theory on emotions, that perceptions of justice affect behavioral forgiveness through emotional forgiveness. An alternative theory questions whether the effects of justice are totally mediated by emotion. Comparative results support the latter model. The cognitive perceptions of justice display a stronger effect compared to the mediated effect through emotional forgiveness. Additionally, an examination of moderation by psychological age suggests that relatively old and young (psychologically) consumers react in the same manner. While clearly, service managers need to be sensitive to the emotions of senior customers, the results here suggest a stronger role for cognitive perceptions of justice. Thus, service providers need to provide senior consumers with clearly understandable explanations for any service failure and explain how the recovery efforts will compensate for the failure.  相似文献   
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A service employee’s active listening plays a crucial role in restoring a damaged customer relationship. However, previous studies reveal little about how listening to customer complaints operates in recovering a service failure. The purpose of this research is to explore when and why the employee’s active listening has a positive influence on customer response. We define active listening as (1) listening to customers’ concerns before apologizing and (2) verbally acknowledging them. Using scenario-based experiments, we demonstrate that active listening improves customer satisfaction, which in turn increases tip size (Study 1). Moreover, we find that active listening fosters customers’ perceptions of preferential treatment, which lead to greater customer satisfaction (Study 2). Yet, such positive effects of active listening diminish when customers are unexpectedly offered a complimentary service such as a room upgrade. The implications for academic researchers and marketing managers are discussed.  相似文献   
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北部湾盆地油藏开发单元多,类型复杂,开发效果差异大,亟待认清该油田群区域开发规律.建立在油藏分类及阶段划分基础上,通过对北部湾区域178个油藏开发单元静、动态多达50多种数据进行统计,建立区域静、动态知识库.在该知识库基础上,采用统计分析方法,得到适用于北部湾盆地不同类型油藏的产能、采收率及分阶段产量预测方法.该成果有效地提高了北部湾盆地油藏开发指标预测精度及效率,为后续油藏的开发调整奠定了基础.  相似文献   
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